rapport final 2008

8/2/2019 Rapport Final 2008

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TRIUMVIRATMontral, du 25 au 30 mai 2008

Organis par le Forum sur lintgration nord-amricaine (FINA)

RAPPORT FINAL


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COMMENTAIRES DES PARTICIPANTS

I was completely blown away; the event was

beyond my wildest expectations. I have beenable to be a part of some wonderfulexperiences, both business and scholastic.The experience of being independent, fullyimmersed in another culture, and outside of

your comfort zone is truly unique. It is alsoquite educational and gratifying. I believethe Triumvirate is something that everystudent should experience. From theschedule of events to the rules of the game tothe guest speakers, everything was topnotch, professional and effective.

Un participant amricain

Htel de Ville Montral - Plnire

Jai particip plusieurs autres

simulations auparavant (HMUN,UNA-USA, TEIMUN) mais celle-cisest avre tre la meilleure detoutes, du fait des rles, desthmes, des gens, de la logistique,de la qualit de lorganisation etde la passion et du

professionnalisme des journalisteset des participants. Ce fut au-delde toutes mes attentes!

Un participant mexicain

Commission sur le Western Hemisphere TravelInitiative

100% des participants nous ont indiqu quilsallaient recommander leurs collgues de

participer au Triumvirat !

Le Triumvirat est le meilleur moyen pourapprendre car nous appliquons tout de suite nos

connaissances concrtement.

Une participante canadienneDlgus du Triumvirat

Events like this change lives, promotetolerance and understanding and serve thebest interests of todays young universitystudents.

Un participant canadien

LHtel de Ville de Montral

I learned how to pragmaticallycompromise on legislation andconsider the widespreadeconomic & cooperationimplications of implementing ourrecommendations.

Un participant amricain


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Un Triumvirat fantastique Montral

Le Forum sur lintgration nord-amricaine (FINA) est heureux de vous prsenter les conclusions dela 4me dition du Triumvirat, qui sest droule du 25 au 30 mai 2008 Montral, au sein de lHtel

de Ville de Montral et de lUniversit McGill. Vous trouverez dans ce rapport quelques rappels desmoments culminants de cette intense semaine. Mais avant toute chose, nous souhaitons fliciter lesparticipants et conseillers pour lexcellence de leur travail et pour leur contribution lvnement.

Plus de soixante-dix dlgus issus de quinze universits canadiennes, mexicaines et tats-uniennesse sont runis pendant une semaine afin de simuler la tenue dune assemble parlementaireregroupant des lgislateurs, des lobbyistes et des journalistes. Durant leurs travaux, les dlgus ontdbattu de thmes aussi divers que la stimulation des marchs de llectricit renouvelable, lesdlocalisations hors Amrique du Nord, l'Initiative relative aux voyages dans l'hmisphre occidental(WHTI), et le Chapitre 11 de l'ALNA. Ils ont labor des ides de solutions pour chacun de cesvastes dfis. Les ngociations lors des commissions politiques et les sessions plnires ont men ladoption en assemble gnrale de quatre rsolutions. Lensemble des textes adopts sont inclus

dans le prsent document et sont disponibles sur notre site Internet (www.fina-nafi.org) o voustrouverez galement des photos de lvnement.

Nous tenons saluer la qualit du travail de lquipe de journalistes qui a assur sans relche lacouverture des activits dans le TrilatHerald. Vous pouvez consulter en ligne les diffrents numrosdu journal, dans la section Triumvirat 2008 - mdias. Bravo galement aux lobbyistes qui sontparvenus influencer les lgislateurs afin quils adaptent certaines des rsolutions la vision de leurorganisme, grce notamment au fait que les lobbyistes devaient cette anne approuver lesamendements avant quils ne puissent tre prsents lAssemble gnrale.

Le Triumvirat est honor davoir accueilli des confrenciers de marque, soit le professeur Earl Fry dela Brigham Young University, Me Pierre-Marc Johnson, avocat et ex Premier ministre du Qubec, M.

Gilles Duceppe, Chef du Bloc Qubcois et M. Jack Layton, Chef du Nouveau Parti Dmocratique.Nous les remercions tous pour avoir bien voulu partager leur expertise et leurs ides.

Cet vnement a t une russite grce la prcieuse collaboration de lHtel de Ville de Montral etde lUniversit McGill. Soulignons que cette initiative a galement t rendue possible grce lappuifinancier de nos partenaires que sont le ministre des Relations internationales du Qubec,lAssociation for Canadian Studies in the United States, Affaires trangres Canada et de noscollaborateurs que sont Bombardier, le Bloc Qubcois, le Secrtariat la jeunesse du Qubec, leConsulat gnral du Mexique et le Secrtariat aux affaires intergouvernementales canadiennes.

Finalement, soulignons que des mdias radiophoniques et tlvisuels ont couvert lvnement. Desentrevues ont en effet t donnes auprs de mdias qubcois (CIBL), canadiens (RDI et radio deRadio-Canada) et internationaux (Telemundo et Radio-Canada international), parfois en compagniede dlgus du Triumvirat.

Et, noubliez pas : le prochain Triumvirat se tiendra au Mexique!

Nord-amricainement vtres,

Christine FrchetteDirectrice gnrale du FINA

Cline Roche-CrespoCoordinatrice du Triumvirat


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Universits participantes


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Merci nos Htes

nos Partenaires

et nos Collaborateurs

Bloc Qubcois

Bombardier

Consulado General de Mxico

Secrtariat la jeunesse du gouvernement du Qubec

Secrtariat aux affaires intergouvernementalescanadiennes


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MERCI NOS CONFERENCIERS POUR AVOIR

PARTAGER LEURS IDEES

M.Earl H. Fry, le mardi 27 mai

M. Fry est professeur de sciences politiques et professeur d'tudes canadiennes l'Universit Brigham Young. Ses travaux ont surtout port sur le dveloppementconomique et le commerce international et rgional en Asie, Europe, AmriqueLatine et Amrique du Nord. Il nous a parl de : Is the Canada-U.S-MexicoRelationship at a Crossroads?

M. Pierre Marc Johnson, le 29 mai

Ex-premier ministre du Qubec, M. Johnson est avocat et ngociateur en chef dugouvernement du Qubec dans le dossier du bois d'oeuvre opposant le Canada etles tats-Unis. Il a notamment publi The Environment and Nafta et a tconseiller auprs de la Commission de coopration environnementale (CCE) delALNA.

M. Gilles Duceppe, le 30 mai

Dput la Chambre des Communes et depuis 1997, chef du Bloc Qubcois, leparti prnant la souverainet du Qubec. Fort actif sur les questions lies auxaffaires trangres, M. Duceppe sest notamment positionn en faveur de lacration dun fond de dveloppement nord-amricain, en complment delALNA.

M. Jack Layton, Le 30 mai, 12h30

Chef du Nouveau Parti Dmocrate, M. Layton dirige le parti canadien situ aucentre-gauche de lchiquier politique. Reconnu pour son point de vue critique lgard de lALNA, il affirmait rcemment CNN: We think NAFTA is notworking well for working families and the middle class. Ce fut le thme de saconfrence qui en a motiv et inspir plus dun.


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Le Triumvirat flicite ses gagnants

pour leur contribution exceptionnelle

Prix Triumvirat cr et octroy par lassemble des dlgus la personnepersonnifiant le mieux les valeurs portes par le Triumvirat :Ben Magnus, Dlgu du parlement de Nuevo Leon, Membre de la dlgation deCarleton University.

Performance ExceptionnelleDarren Jackson,Dlgu fdral du parlement du Mexique. Membre de la delegationde Brigham Young University.

Excellente PreformanceEva Wingren, Dlgue fdral du parlement du Mexique et Prsidente de laCommission sur lElectricit renouvelable. Membre de la dlgation de Arizona StateUniversity.

Performance RemarquableAlberto Padilla Rivera, Dlgu fdral du parlement des Etats-Unis dAmrique etPrsident de la Commission sur le Chapitre 11. Membre de la dlgation de

lUniversity d Alberta- Campus Saint Jean.

Meilleur ngociateurBen Magnus, Dlgu du parlement de Nuevo Leon, Membre de la dlgation

de Carleton University.

Meilleure proposition de projet de rsolutionGabriel Joshee-Arnal,Dlgu fdral du parlement des Etats-Unis dAmrique.Membre de la dlgation de lUniversity d Alberta- Campus Saint Jean.

Meilleur article de journal du TrilatHerald :Alejandro Garcia de la Garza, Journalist, Membre de la dlgation delUniversidad de Monterrey.


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COMMUNIQU DE PRESSE

Un parlement nord-amricain sige Montral

Montral, le 26 mai 2008 Prs dune centaine duniversitaires du Canada, des tats-Unis et duMexique prendront les devants sur la ralit politique en simulant un Parlement commun auxtrois pays de lAmrique du Nord.

Ils sigeront lHtel de Ville de Montral et lUniversit McGill du 26 au 30 mai. titre delgislateurs dun tat fdral ou dun tat fdr, les participants adopteront des projets de loiet verront recrer lambiance intense de ngociations propre aux parlements.

Les participants cette simulation, appele TRIUMVIRAT, dbattront de projets de loi portantsur llectricit renouvelable, l'obligation d'un passeport pour entrer aux Etats-Unis, la

dlocalisation des emplois hors Amrique du Nord et le chapitre 11 de lALENA sur lesinvestissements.

Tout au long des cinq jours de leurs travaux, les parlementaires du TRIUMVIRAT recevrontplusieurs confrenciers, parmi lesquels on retrouve lex-premier ministre du Qubec, PierreMarc Johnson, le chef du Nouveau Parti dmocratique, Jack Layton et le chef du Bloc qubcois,Gilles Duceppe.

Un quotidien publi par les participants cette simulation, Le TrilatHerald , fera cho auxdbats qui sy tiendront et des participants joueront le rle de lobbyistes, qui tenterontinfluencer lopinion des parlementaires.

Quinze universits participent cet vnement, parmi lesquelles la State University of NewYork (SUNY), le TEC de Monterrey, la Arizona State University, Carleton University, l'Universitde Montral et la Universidad Iberoamericana.

travers le TRIUMVIRAT, nous voyons ce quoi ressemblerait une assemble parlementaire nord-amricaine, en attendant le jour o nos lgislateurs se dcideront prendre part aux processus quidcoulent de lALNA et du Partenariat pour la scurit et la prosprit (PSP). En ce sens, on peut direque le TRIUMVIRAT constitue plus une innovation quune simulation , souligne ChristineFrchette, directrice du Forum sur lintgration nord-amricaine (FINA).

Cet vnement est rendu possible grce la prcieuse collaboration de lHtel de Ville de Montral et

de lUniversit McGill, du ministre des Relations internationales du Qubec, de lAssociation forCanadian Studies in the United States, dAffaires trangres Canada et de nos collaborateurs que sontBombardier, le Bloc Qubcois, le Secrtariat la jeunesse du Qubec, le Consulat gnral duMexique et le Secrtariat aux affaires intergouvernementales canadiennes.

Mme Frchette et dautres participants la simulation sont disponibles pour rencontrer lesreprsentants des mdias tout au long de la semaine.

-30-


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Rsolutions finales adoptes par lAssemblegnrale du Triumvirat (dans la langue danslaquelle elle a t adopte)

FOSTERING RENEWABLE ENERGY SECTORS IN NORTH AMERICA

DELOCALISATIONS HORS AMERIQUE DU NORD

THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE TRAVEL INITIATIVE

NAFTAS CHAPTER XI

REMITTANCE MARKETS IN NORTH AMERICA


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Triumvirate North American LegislatureFourth Legislative AssemblyFinal Resolution on Fostering Renewable Energy Sectors in North AmericaMay 30th, 2008

______________________________________________________________________________________

EXPLANATORY NOTES

Renewable electricity is derived from unlimited energy sources such as the sun, wind,water, nuclear, biomass and heat from the Earths interior. Renewable electricitymarkets are becoming more and more important in todays North American societies

especially when this particular way of transforming energy sources aims at reducinggreenhouse gas emissions (GHG) which acts positively against climate change. Therising price of oil in international markets has been a crucial factor in terms ofstimulating renewable electricity markets. This gives potential suppliers morecredibility, as they can offer economic benefits in addition to environmental gains.There is tremendous opportunity for renewable electricity to meet an increasingproportion of the North American electricity market.

Considering the effect on food prices, there is debate as to whether ethanol should beincluded as biomass. The effects of renewable energy production on economic and food

security should be taken into consideration by member nations when developingnational strategies.

Some of us have adopted mandatory targets for the purchase/production of renewableelectricity. Others have adopted a voluntary approach for governmental agencies andlarge corporations. Recognizing that each nation is at a different point in terms ofdevelopment of renewable energy production as well as overall consumption,benchmarks should be adjusted so that each country is able to comply with them. Forexample, Canada currently gets 73% of its electricity from renewable sources, Mexicogets 19%, and the United States gets 29%. We consider that the time has come todeepen our collective effort and strengthen our actions in order to make our region a

leader in the global challenge we face to limit the impact of our energy consumption onclimate change and increase our energy security in diversifying our energy portfolio.

North American legislators consider that there is room for improvement, such as futureexpansion into a trilateral REC market. Effective public policies need to be more widelyimplemented to foster the use of renewable electricity.

FOSTERING RENEWABLE ENERGY SECTORS IN NORTH AMERICA


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DEFINITION

Hereafter, the term renewable electricity or simply RE will be used to refer to allrenewable energy sources for the generation of electricity, including sun, wind, water,biomass, nuclear and heat from the Earths interior.

Hereafter, the term North America will be used to refer to the United States, Mexico,Canada, and their respective sovereign territories.

Chapter I Developing Renewable Electricity Sectors In North America:Objectives And Principles

SECTION I OBJECTIVES

Article 1.1 Increase energy security and diversify energy portfolioNorth American legislatures agree to increase the supply of electricity derived from

renewable sources. As a result, they promote sustainable development and wish toincrease North Americas energy security by diversifying States energy portfolios.

SECTION II TRANSPARENCY PRINCIPLES

Article 1.2 Mandatory transparency for electric companiesRealizing that in order to act efficiently, clear and comparable information must beavailable; the North American legislators therefore recommend that States adopt rulesrequiring companies producing electricity on their territory to make informationregarding their use of renewable and non-renewable energy public.

Chapter II Developing Renewable Electricity Sectors In North America:Mechanisms

SECTION I DIVERSIFYING THE OFFER

Theper capita energy consumption rate increases every year in North America making itnecessary to augment the production of renewable energy, maintaining the long-termgoal of reducing energy consumption rates.

Article 2.1 Ensuring a minimal percentage of renewable energy

It is understood that each North American state should maintain a minimal percentageof renewable energy in their portfolio of global energy consumption that must reach thefollowing benchmarks:

Mexico will have 30% of its global energy consumption consist of renewable energy by2015. This percentage will increase to 45% by 2025, and later to 65% by 2050.

The United States will have 45% of its global energy consumption of renewable energyby 2015. This percentage will increase to 65% by 2025, and later to 80% by 2050.


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Canada will have 75% of its global energy consumption of renewable energy by 2015.This percentage will increase to 80% by 2025, and later to 85% by 2050.

All countries commit to cooperate in achieving these goals, while recognizing theimportance of energy security.

Article 2.2 Exchange of renewable energy certificates (REC)The NAFTA nations commit to establishing voluntary REC markets within theirrespective countries. This system would allow those who have produced excess amountsof renewable energy to make a profit while simultaneously permitting those who havefallen short to reach their renewable energy goals.

The North America nations envision possible future expansion into a trilateral RECmarket.

SECTION II PROMOTING DEMANDMany consumers wish to increase their renewable energy consumption but fail to do sobecause they lack information.

Article 2.3 Offering the possibility of choosing the type of energy consumedIn order to promote renewable energy, legislators encourage all State governments todemand that electric companies operating on their territory offer the consumers thepossibility of buying energy produced with renewable energy sources where available.Where offering renewable energy is currently impossible, the governments shouldrequire utilities to develop a means to access it.

Article 2.4 Produce, buy or importCompanies will be free to either, produce renewable electricity themselves, purchase itthrough contracts with other producers or import it from other nations. The NAFTAnations agree to give each other priority over third party countries as suppliers ofrenewable electricity.

Article 2.5 Mandatory government procurementIn order for public authorities to foster the demand of renewable electricity, NorthAmerican legislators recommend that governmental agencies procure an increasing

portion of their electricity needs from renewable energy sources. The recommendedpercentage benchmarks are: 25% by 2015, 50% by 2025, and 100% by 2050 for theUnited States and Canada. Realizing that Mexico has similar goals but faces differentchallenges, the recommended percentage benchmarks for Mexico are: 5% by 2015, 30%by 2025, 80% by 2050, and 100% by 2060.

Chapter III Establishing Healthy North American Investment

The North American legislators realize that the establishment of investment driversamong States is an avenue that must be explored in order to promote proactive


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behavior in regards to renewable energy. Consequently, a North American investmentmechanism should be established in order to encourage the development of renewablesources of electricity within NAFTA nations.

Article 3.1 National fund contribution

A committee composed of three representatives of each NAFTA nation will be createdand be called the North American Partnership for Sustainable Energy (NAPSE). Itspurpose would be to facilitate development projects within the renewable electricitysector and to decide on CEC recommendations and grant proposals from public orprivate entities. They would control disbursement of a fund made up of monies leviedfrom the three states. Each Government will providematching funds to grant recipientswithin their sovereign nation. All North American nations will have equal access tofunds through a proposal process that the committee will establish.

Articles 3.2 Contribution calculations

The States contribution to the fund will equal $0.0005/kwh consumed above a NorthAmerican per capita average rate of total energy consumption by private users and aseparate rate for industrial users. This rate will be set by averaging the per capitaaverage rate of total energy consumption by private users of the top one-third offederated states and the bottom one-third of federated states (in terms ofconsumption) among the three NAFTA countries. The Commission on EnvironmentalCooperation (CEC) will be tasked with the responsibility of identifying and publicizingthe rankings of all federated states within the three NAFTA countries in terms of theseconsumption rates. The committee is invested with the power to reset this rate basedon updated data.

Article 3.3 Sunset clauseIt is agreed upon that these contribution commitments will persist until each countryhas reached their long-term goal of renewable energy, as outlined in Art. 2.1 and 2.5.

Article 3.4 Divulging informationEach North American Federated State commits to communicating the percentage ofrenewable energy consumed the previous fiscal year on its territory to the Commissionfor Environmental Cooperation (CEC) of NAFTA.

Article 3.5 Expansion of CEC responsibilities

It is the responsibility of each member state to be committed to the cooperative agendaof the CEC Working Group on Renewable Energy. This agency will, in addition to itscurrent responsibilities, suggest investment opportunities to NAPSE, encourage publicand private investment and facilitate technological information sharing relationshipsamongst the NAFTA nations. The CEC will also manage the collection of informationabout member states renewable energy use. They will present progress reports to thepublic in order to encourage hold governments to fulfill their commitments asenumerated in this document.


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Triumvirat Parlement nord-amricainRsolution finale sur les dlocalisations hors Amrique du NordQuatrime Assemble du TriumviratRsolution Finale, 30 mai 2008

TRIUMVIRAT

______________________________________________________________________________________

PRAMBULE

Dsirant agir pour le bien tre, la prosprit, la cration et le maintien des emplois et

des entreprises en Amrique du Nord dans une conomie mondialise;

Tmoins du fait que le contexte conomique actuel est caractris par la comptitivitentre blocs conomiques rgionaux, tels lUnion europenne, le Mercosur, lASEAN etlALNA.

Reconnaissants que lALNA vise notamment renforcer le partenariat entre les paysnord-amricains par llimination des barrires au commerce et encourager lesentreprises dployer leurs marchs, leurs activits et leurs chanes de production lchelle de lAmrique du Nord.

Dplorant que nombre dentreprises, auparavant tablies en Amrique du Nord, aientchoisi au cours des dernires annes de dlocaliser leurs activits au sein dautresrgions du monde en particulier o les pratiques en matire de droits des travailleurssont parfois discutables;

Rappelant la ncessit de trouver des solutions pour contrer les effets ngatifs de ladlocalisation dans lesprit de lALNA;

Conscients que le phnomne de dlocalisations entrane des proccupationsgrandissantes dans la socit civile et contribue fragiliser le tissu conomique

continental;

Convaincus de la ncessit dagir pour contribuer prserver les emplois au sein duterritoire nord-amricain;

Les parlementaires dAmrique du Nord, runis pour la quatrime Assemble lgislativedu Triumvirat conviennent de ce qui suit :


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DfinitionsPar dlocalisation , il est fait rfrence tout transfert dactivits ou demplois duterritoire de lAmrique du Nord vers une rgion situe en dehors de lAmrique duNord.

Par dplacement , il est fait rfrence tout transfert dactivits ou demplois dunergion de lAmrique du Nord vers une autre rgion dAmrique du Nord.

Par Amrique du Nord , il est fait rfrence lensemble de la zone territorialecomprenant le Mexique, le Canada et les tats-Unis.

Chapitre Premier Principes entourant le Partenariat nord-amricain

Article 1.1. Raffirmer le partenariat nord-amricainNous raffirmons que lesprit de laccord de libre-change nord-amricain (ALNA)

consiste en ltablissement dun partenariat conomique entre nos trois pays, en vuedaccrotre le flux des changes commerciaux et des investissements.

Article 1.2. Protger et maintenir les emplois en Amrique du NordNous raffirmons le droit des entreprises tablies en Amrique du Nord dy exercer leursactivits, incluant la possibilit de dplacer leurs activits et leurs emplois au sein duterritoire nord-amricain tel que prvu par lALENA.

Article 1.3. Lutter contre les effets ngatifs de la dlocalisation des emplois nord-amricainsNous nous engageons uvrer en faveur du maintien des emplois au sein de lAmriquedu Nord et rduire les effets ngatifs rsultant du phnomne de dlocalisation

dactivits dentreprises vers dautres rgions du monde.

Article 1.4. Dlimitation du champ dapplication de la rsolutionIl est tablit que les mesures lgislatives diriges contre les effets ngatifs desdlocalisations de cette rsolution ne sadressent pas aux dplacements.

Chapitre Second Mcanismes de lutte contre les effets ngatifs desdlocalisations

Article 2.1. Mesures fiscales contre les effets ngatifs des dlocalisations.

Ladoption par les tats dAmrique du Nord de mesures de contrle lendroitdentreprises procdant des dlocalisations est encourage. Nous suggronsltablissement dune taxe sur les profits des entreprises qui dlocalisent. UneCommission technique temporaire sera mise sur pied afin dtablir les modalitsdimplantation de la taxe.

Article 2.2. Mesures de sanctions a lgard des entreprises qui ne respectent pas les droits destravailleurs tablis dans lANACTNous affirmons le droit des pays dAmrique du nord dadopter des mesuressanctionnant les entreprises qui dlocalisent dans des pays qui ne respectent pas les


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droits tablis dans lAccord nord-amricain de coopration dans le domaine du travail(ANACT), crant de ce fait une comptition dloyale envers lAmrique du Nord.

Chapitre Troisime Cration dun fonds commun daide aux emploisdlocaliss (FCAED)

Article 3.1 Cration dun Fonds Commun daide aux emplois dlocaliss (FCAED)Afin de palier aux effets ngatifs du phnomne des dlocalisations, les parlementairesdAmrique du Nord proposent de crer un Fonds commun daide aux emploisdlocaliss (FCAED).

Article 3.2 Objectif du FCAEDLobjectif du FCAED est dtablir un programme daide qui vise soutenir la rinsertionprofessionnelle des travailleurs nord-amricains licencis la suite dune dlocalisationdentreprise. Le FCAED sinspire de lexprience en rinsertion du travail utilis dans le

programme NAFTA- TAA .

Article 3.3 Financement du FCAEDLes fonds rcuprs des mesures fiscales prvues larticle 2.1 seront transfrs, dans leFCAED. Cependant des versements additionnels volontaires peuvent tre admis.

Article 3.4 - Gestion des fonds du FCAED

i) Un Comit sera mis sur pied au sein de la Commission de Coopration nord-amricaine dans le domaine du travail pour grer les fonds servant financer le FCAED.Le Comit sera form selon une reprsentation proportionnelle la contribution aufonds. Les dcisions au sein du Comit seront prises majorit simple et pondresselon les contributions des diffrentes parties.

ii) Ce Comit aura une prsidence rotative gale entre les pays dAmrique du nord.Le prsident encadrera les discussions de Comit et son mandat sera dune dure dedeux ans. Le prsident sera lu par la commission nord-amricaine dans le domaine detravail.

iii) Les fonds de FCAED seront repartis par le Comit selon les besoins des partiesintgrantes de fonds.

Article 3.6 - Mise en application du FCAEDChaque tat sera responsable du versement des fonds qui lui seront accords sur sonpropre territoire par lintermdiaire dinstitutions qui auront t mis en place et quirendront des comptes devant le Comit.

Art.3.7 Dure de vie du FCAEDLe FCAED sera mis sur pied pour une priode de six ans, avec possibilit derenouvellement.


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Triumvirate North American LegislatureFourth Legislative AssemblyFinal Resolution on the Western Hemisphere Travel InitiativeMay 30th 2008

Explanatory Notes

North American border management faces major challenges, particularly becauseCanada and the United States share the longest undefended border in the world,

stretching more than 8,891 km, while the US-Mexico border extends over more than3,141 km. Following the terrorist attacks of September 11 in the United States, theAmerican government decided to put measures in place to better protect the UnitedStates from terrorist threats.

In April 2005, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security and the State Departmentannounced the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI). This law requires alltravellers to and from the Americas (including Canada, Mexico, Central America andSouth America), the Caribbean and Bermuda to present a passport or other acceptabledocument or combination of documents when entering or re-entering the United States

in order to confirm their identity.

Trade within NAFTA is estimated at about $650 billion annually, and 75% of it isconducted by land routes. On average, 300 million people cross North American bordersannually. It is also estimated that more than 30% of those without passports will be lesslikely to cross a border if a passport is required. This represents a potential decrease of22 million travelers. Such a change could have a major economic impact on each of theNorth American countries. Losses of an estimated $3.2 billion and $2.2 billion couldoccur in Canada and the United States respectively. In addition, 95,000 jobs would be atrisk in Mexico as a result of this measure.

The present draft resolution aims to foster a balance between security needs andeconomic development. It aims to propose amendments to the WHTI so that it meetshigh security requirements while not impeding trade by land and the flow of touristsbetween our three countries. In fact, North American parliamentarians believe that theincreased security measures must result in the least harm possible to our economicpartnership and our citizens.


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Chapter I Document Required For Crossing Land And Sea Borders

SECTION I DOCUMENTS REQUIRED FOR LAND TRAVEL

Article1. Documents accepted to facilitate border crossings by land

In order to reduce the economic impact on North American partners, as well astravelers, and to limit as much as possible the reduction in the number of bordercrossings between North American countries, it is agreed that for land bordercrossings one of the following will be used at borders between Canada, the UnitedStates and Mexico:

a) Valid passport with any and all applicable visas

b) Enhanced drivers license

c) For U.S. citizens- PASS card, NEXUS, FAST, or SENTRI

For Canadian citizens:- NEXUS or FAST

For Mexican citizens:- SENTRI in combination with a passport or border crossing card.

Article 2. Method for acquiring enhanced drivers licensesThe issuance and revocation of enhanced drivers licenses shall not infringe upon eachstate or provinces requirements. The enhanced license will provide a second optionthat will include common requirements determined by the Trilateral Commission

discussed in 3.1:a) The license is valid and issued by the legally and officially recognized bureau of

motor vehicles of each state and/or province

b) The bearer of the license is a citizen of the North American country and aresident of the state/province that issued the license

c) The enhanced licenses validity will be in accordance with all state and provinciallicensing regulations.

d) The enhanced licenses must be renewed no later than five years after issuance.

Article 3. Availability of enhanced drivers licensesAnyone who meets the state, province, and Trilateral Commissions conditions will beeligible for an enhanced drivers license regardless of race, creed, religion, gender,and/or sexual orientation. Governments will seek to offer the new enhanced driverslicenses at the lowest possible cost in order to limit any potential financial obstacles.

Article 4. ExemptionsArticle 4.1 Exemptions for minors accompanied by adultsWith a view to facilitating family travel, children under 18 will be exempt from theneed to present one of the documents referred to in Article 1. A document from an

officially recognized institution identifying the relationship with one of theaccompanying adults will nevertheless have to be provided.


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Article 4.2 Exemptions for residents of Canada-U.S. border citiesRecognizing the close ties that bind the citizens of cities along the Canada-U.S. border,Canadian citizens living in a city less than 15 kilometers from the Canada-U.S. bordermay use a traditional driver's license (indicating the street address) in order to enterthe neighboring country, but only up to a limit of 40 km within the territory of the

neighboring country. Travelers needing to go beyond this limit must be in possessionof the other necessary documents.

Article 4.3 Future consideration for U.S.-Mexico Border ExemptionsPending ongoing monitoring of the U.S.-Mexico border situation, future considerationwill be given to extending conditions similar to those that are present on the Canada-U.S. border. Conditions will be determined by the Trilateral Commission.

Article 5. Common and increased security standards for enhanced drivers licensesInformation relating to physical characteristics is the standard for increasing the

security level of enhanced drivers licenses. For the purposes of this legislation, it is anautomated method of recognizing a person based on fingerprints.

Article 6. Privacy protectionPersonal data integrated into enhanced drivers licenses will remain confidential andwill not be accessible to third-party countries or organizations. The governmentsconcerned must agree on a common strategy to formulate a set of uniform policies onprivacy.

Article 7. Beneficial movement of enhanced drivers licensesOwners of enhanced drivers licenses will have access to dedicated lanes that will

enable easy and immediate crossing of borders through automated fingerprintrecognition.

Article 8. Report on implementation of the law for travel by landThe new conditions imposed by the WHTI regarding documents required for travel byland are to be implemented as soon as possible, but no later than June 1, 2010.

SECTION II DOCUMENTS REQUIRED FOR TRAVEL BY SEA AND AIR

Article 1. Law regarding travel by sea and air

North American parliamentarians recommend that the requirements imposed by theWHTI for travel by sea and air remain unchanged.

Chapter II Implementation Of The WHTI

SECTION I ENFORCEMENT OF THE NEW LAW

Article 1. Dissemination of informationTo ensure that the general public and residents of border states in particular knowabout and understand the new law, North American governments must make use ofvarious means of communication and advertising to guarantee wide distribution ofinformation to their citizens regarding the terms of the law and the steps involved inobtaining the various documents required. Federated provinces and states must


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inform citizens about secure identification documents, processes, and modificationsset forth in 1.1.1.

SECTION II FUNDING

Article 1. Funding of infrastructure and informationBorder crossings must be equipped with technologies that can process secureidentification documents. Financing of the technological infrastructure, as well as thecosts to federated provinces and states to inform their citizens about secureidentification documents, processes, and changes will be borne out 60% by the UnitedStates and 20% each by Canada and Mexico.

SECTION III- CREATION OF A TRILATERAL COMMISSION TO OVERSEE THEIMPLEMENTATION OF THE WHTI

Article 1. Creation of a Trilateral CommissionIt is suggested that a Trilateral Commission be created with the goal of overseeing:

a) Maintenance and strengthening of border security

b) Encouragement of trade

c) Conducting of information campaigns for citizens

d) Assistance in the implementation of new border technologies

e) Coordination of information-sharing measures among member countries

Article 2. Composition of the Trilateral Commission1. The commission will be made up of 9 representatives consisting of the United

States (4), Mexico (2), Canada (2), as well as an annually rotating non-votingchair with tie-breaking rights.

2. The meetings will be held alternately in each member country.

3. The reports of these meetings will be kept secret in consideration of the security

issues that will be discussed.

4. Administrative and travel costs will be borne by legislatures of the membercountries.

SECTION IV FOLLOW UP MEASURE

Members of the trilateral legislative commission will submit a comprehensive reporton the economic and social impact of the WHTI every two years. An initial report willbe presented to the TRIUMVIRATE 2010.


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Triumvirate North American LegislatureFourth Legislative AssemblyFinal Resolution on NAFTAS Chapter XIMay 30th, 2008

Chapter I Reform to Section A of Chapter XI

SECTION I. REFORM TO ARTICLE 114 OF THE RESOLUTION AS AMENDED BYNAFTAs CHAPTER XI COMMISSION

FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) shall not infringe upon any environmental laws ofany participant nation at the time of this amendment to Chapter 11 of NAFTA (NorthAmerican Free Trade Agreement).

Chapter II Reform to Section B of Chapter XI

SECTION I. THE CREATION OF THE AD HOC FIRST INSTANCE PANEL AND THEPERMANENT TRANSPARENCY COUNCIL FOR DECISIONS RENDERED UNDERNAFTA CHAPTER XI INVESTOR-STATE CLAIMS

Article 1. General Clauses1. The present statute creates the NAFTA Investor States Claims Commission; anautonomous commission for the negotiation of cases falling under the jurisdiction ofChapter 11.

2. The commission will be composed of a First Instance Panel and a TransparencyCouncil.

Article 2. Composition of the First Instance PanelThe First Instance Panel will be composed of a three-person body in which the investor

and state each nominate their own mediator to the panel. The third neutral mediatorwill be mutually agreed upon by both parties, unless the disputing parties agree toappoint additional mediators.

Article 3. Functions of the First Instance Panel1. To facilitate the proper negotiation between the investor and the State by means

of:a. Mediating a non binding settlement between the parties involved.b. Formulating a risk assessment for both parties on the possible outcomes of

non acceptance of the mediated settlement.

Article 4. Composition of the Transparency Council


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1. The Transparency Council will be composed of three members appointed by eachstate delegation following a vote of confidence in the corresponding nationallegislative branch and officially appointed by a two thirds majority in the Triumvirateinter-parliamentary session.

2. The expert panel will be appointed for a term of ten years.

Article 5. Functions of the Transparency CouncilThe provision of this section should be in accordance with Annex 1137.4 of Chapter11;

1. Modeled after the Instituto Federal de Acceso a la Informacion Publica (IFAI); anautonomous organization responsible for the publishing of information considered tobe of public interest in Mexico, all information relevant to the Commission and itsproceedings, as well as its resolutions shall be administered and published by NTP

(NAFTAs Transparency Portal) in order to facilitate access to information on theconditions that the following criteria are met:a. Registration of users for NTPb. Stating the reasons of requested information

2. Thereafter, it is NTPs role to evaluate what information is to be kept confidentialand what information is to be divulged to its users in each particular case.

3. The Transparency Council will be located within each respective NAFTA SecretariatCountry Headquarters.

Article 6. Costs1. Cost of First Instance Panel: Each party in dispute will incur the cost associated

with their appointed mediator. Both parties involved in the dispute will sharethe costs of the third, neutral mediator.

2. Cost of Transparency Council: For a period of 10 years, at which time this issuewill be reassessed, the cost will be shared between all parties basedproportionally on GDP of each member country.

Article 7. Language

1.

English, French and Spanish are the official languages of the Commission.

2. All decisions of the Commission shall be rendered in English, French andSpanish.

3. Simultaneous translation in all three official languages will be provided whennecessary during Commission proceedings.

4. Transparency Portal shall be translated in the three official languages.


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Triumvirate North American LegislatureFourth Legislative AssemblyCurrent Affairs Resolution on Remittance markets in North AmericaAdopted by the General Assembly on May 30th 2008

RESOLUTION ON REMITTANCE MARKETS IN NORTHAMERICA

Proposed by Ben Magnus Legislator Nuevo LeonMay 2008

Sponsored by:Luis Caceres State of ChihuahuaEva Wingren Mexico Federal 6Jason Stokes Mexico 8Sandra Nerea Guzman ManitotaGabriela Leon Alberta

EXPLANATORY NOTES

Remittances are the transfers of funds from foreign workers to their countries oforigin. These transfers are generally sent to family, friends and acquaintances inforeign countries from which migrants or refugees have come. These transfers offunds directly to the poor are more effective than international financial institutions,governments and foreign direct investment in alleviating poverty. Moreover, whenrecessions, natural disasters or problems of corrupt or weak government paralyzestates, remittances increase while foreign aid and direct investment tend to diminishor disappear.

In a recent annual global economic prospects report the World Bank estimates thatannual official recorded remittances are $197 billion while more than $290 billion intotal remittances are sent each year. Including these underground unrecordedtransactions the remittance funds are five times the sum of all foreign aid combined.

Throughout the 1990s the number of international migrant workers rose from 120million to 175 million and the annual sums they sent home have more than tripled.These trends of increased foreign workers and remittance flows are especiallyimportant in a North American context. Remittances from Mexicans living in theUnited States are Mexico's second-biggest source of foreign currency and rose morethan 15 percent in 2006 to a record $23 billion. The flow of remittances fromMexicans living abroad will grow as little as 5 percent in 2007 due to tougher

migration controls and an economic slowdown in the United States.


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Strengthening remittance markets in North America facilitates increased Mexicancontributions to U.S. and Canadian economies in jobs that are locally difficult to fill.These benefits to the Canadian and American economies also lead to development andpoverty reduction in Mexico. This offers the opportunity to spur development inMexico by capitalizing on market forces for the benefit of all North American partners.

Continued inaction on remittances will lead to the maintenance or growthunderground transfers that have been shown to be closely linked to drug traffickingand terrorist organizations. North American shared interests in development, povertyreduction, transparency, security and the freedom and strength of our marketsdemands we foster remittance markets.

FOSTERING REMITTANCE MARKETS IN NORTH AMERICA

Definition

Hereafter, the term Remittances will be used to refer to all transfers of funds fromforeign workers to their countries of origin. These transfers are generally sent tofamily, friends and acquaintances in foreign countries from which migrants, refugeesor new citizens have come.

Chapter I- Objectives and Principles in Fostering North American RemittanceMarkets

SECTION I - OBJECTIVES

Article 1.1 Increase the efficiency, transparency, competitiveness, security and effectiveness of theNorth American remittance market.

SECTION II - PRINCIPLES

Article 1.2 Economic Principles:a) People respond to incentivesb) Capitalizing on market forces is an effective means of achieving objectivesc) Markets require enforcement of property rights to functiond) The market power of a single actor, or small group of actors, should not have a

substantial impact on prices in a competitive market

Article 1.3 Transparency Principles:Mandatory transparency for remittance charges is necessary as many immigrants have no wayof comparing transfer fees, currency conversion premiums and other service charges appliedto remittances.

Chapter II- Mechanisms of fostering North American remittance markets

SECTION I DATA COLLECTION

Article 2.1 Collection of Essential Data


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The Federal Government must collect essential data on the volumes, destinations and costs ofremittances. A better understanding of barriers to the free movement of funds is necessary forbetter policy choices to be made.

SECTION II ESTABLISHING A HEALTHY NORTH AMERICAN COMPETITION

Article 2.2 Increasing competitivenessThe North American legislators realize that the establishment of a competitive environmentwithin and between States is an avenue that must be explored in order to generate andpromote the adoption of proactive behaviour in regards to remittance markets.

Article 2.3 Competitiveness MechanismA North American competitive mechanism must be established in order to encourage andincite service providers with abusive and monopolistic levels of market power to provideservices with reasonable transparency within an environment where consumers are protected.

Article 2.4 Transparent Competition Requirements

Transfer fees, currency conversion premiums and other service charges applied to remittancesmust be clear and comparable in a free market system. States will adopt rules requiring allinstitutions handling remittances to post such information in an understandable, transparentway to encourage competition.

SECTION III MAXIMIZING DEVELOPMENT AND POVERTY REDUCTION POTENTIAL OFREMITTANCE FUNDS

Article 2.5 Minimizing double reduction of remittance-bound incomeWhile workers are taxed on earned income, this reduced sum becomes subject to punitive feesthat amount to a second devastating blow to funds intended as remittances. A competitive

market would ensure this and consumer protection is necessary to the extent the market isnot competitive.

Article 2.6 Fee regulation in non-competitive market sectorsRemittances services can be, and are, provided with total consumer costs ranging from 0 to 5percent of and yet billions are lost each year to fees that range from 10 to 20 per cent. Inconsideration of this potential for abuse of a dominant market position the freedom of capitalwill be protected by the state that will impose maximum allowable rates for remittance serviceproviders.

Chapter III Mechanisms of enhancing security in North American Remittancemarkets

SECTION I SHARED SECURITY INCENTIVES

Article 3.1 Minimizing Remittance Security ThreatsOne third of remittances are estimated to move underground or through informal ways wherethey can be mixed with money for drug trafficking and terrorist organizations. Bringing thesepeople into a monitored and regulated remittance market will make transactions more secureand beneficial while making North America more stable and safe.

Article 3.2 Promotion of Legal Systems

Due to the shared security incentives of allowing transfers of funds across borders to move bylegal means states should seek to offset any regulatory costs to remittance service providers


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through shared costs of advertising and promotion of legal services. Legally recognizedremittance service providers will benefit from state funds in service promotion and theirincreased ability to attract new users to their financial services. Meanwhile, the state willbenefit from more accurate remittance information by encouraging the growth of legalservices while diminishing the risks posed by underground markets.

Chapter IV Future enhancement of the developmental potential of NorthAmerican remittance markets

Article 4.1 Annual AnalysisAfter annual data collection of the volumes, destinations and costs of remittance servicesstate-specific outcomes and North American outcomes will be analysed to understand besthow to further improve the remittance markets for better North American outcomes

Article 4.2 Possible Further Developmental CooperationInnovative ideas concerning shared developmental funding will be further consideredincluding, but not limited to, the facilitation of communal remittance systems that allow

workers to send funds home not to individual acquaintances but to a local communalinfrastructure fund. This would empower workers to not only raise the standard of living oftheir loved ones but also the community through increased infrastructural development.

Article 4.2 Possible State FundingState matching systems of communal infrastructure fund could help encourage this initiative.While Mexico would lead funding of this initiative Canada and the U.S. would be asked toconsider their interests in promoting remittance-based development. The furtherdevelopment of Mexico would reduce poverty, threats of illegal integration, and strengthenMexico as a trading partner. Canada and the U.S. would increase incentives and productivityamong their foreign workers and also benefit from improved business and investment

prospects in Mexico.