Tesis Doctorales[ 1 ]Desarrollo de termoconvertidores multiunion para la transferencia, con la menor incertidumbre,de magnitudes alternas a sus equivalentes magnitudes continuas. PTB-E-29, 1987.Impreso1Thermal converters as ac-dc transfer standards for current and voltage measurements at audio frequencies (Impreso)Francis L. HermachJournal of research of the National Bureau of StandardsIEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume 48, Publication Year: 1952, Page(s): 121-138.ImpresoThe indirectly heated thermistor as a precise a.c.-d.c. transfer deviceWiddis, F.C. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 103, Issue: 12, Publication Year: 1956 , Page(s): 693-703.Impreso2Precision Measuring Equipment for Electrical Power in the Range of Audio Frequencies.Friedl, R., Wolf, G. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas. IM - 15 (1966), p. 227 - 233.Impreso3Thermal converters for audio frequency voltage measurements of high accuracy.Hermach, F. L.,Williams, E. S. IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. IM - 15 (1966), p. 260 - 268.Impreso4Thermal voltage converters and comparators for very accurate ac voltage measurements.E. S. Williams Journal of research of the National Bureau of StandardsVol. 75C, Nos. 3 and 4, Publication year: July-December 1971, Page(s): 145-154.Impreso5Theoretical analysis of the ac/dc transfer difference of the NPL multijunction thermal converter over the frequency range dc to 100 kHz.Wilkins, F. J.IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas. IM - 21 (1972), 334 - 340.Impreso6New NBS measurement of the absolute Farad and Ohm.Cutkosky, R. D.IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. IM - 23 (1974), p. 305 - 309.ImpresoThermal current converters for accurate AC current measurementWilliams, Earl S. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: IM-25, Issue: 4, Publication Year: 1976, Page(s): 519-523.Impreso7An investigation of multijunction thermal converters.Hermach, F. L., Flach, D. R.IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. IM - 25 (1976), p. 524 - 528.ImpresoA differential thermal wattmeter for the AC/DC transfer of power.Cox, L.G. ; Kusters, N.L. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: IM-25, Issue: 4,Publication Year: 1976, Page(s): 553-557.Impreso8A Method for the Determination of AC - DC Transfer Errors in Thermoelements.Inglis, B. D.IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. IM - 27 (1978), p. 440 - 444.Impreso9An RMS Digital Voltmeter/Calibrator for Very - Low Frequencies.Schoenwetter, H. K.IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas. IM - 27 (1978), p. 259 - 268.Impreso10Method for Reduction of AC-DC Transfer Error caused by the Thomson Effect for the Multijunction Thermal Converter.Zhang Deh-Shi, Zhang Zhong-Hua IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas. IM - 29 (1980), p. 412 - 415.Impreso11Multijunction Thermal Converter with Adjustable Output Voltage/Current Characteristics.Klonz, M., Wilkins. F. J.IEEE Trans. Instru. Meas. IM - 29 (1980), p. 409 - 412.Impreso12Thermal Instrument for Measurement of Voltage, Current, Power and Energy at Power Frequencies.Schuster, G. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas. IM - 28 (1980), p. 153 - 157.ImpresoA Thermoelement Comparator for Automatic AC-DC Difference MeasurementsWilliams, Earl S. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 29, Issue: 4, Publication Year: 1980, Page(s): 405-409.ImpresoComponents and Systems for AC/DC Transfer at the ppm LevelMartin, P. ; Knight, R.B.D. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 32, Issue: 1, Publication Year: 1983, Page(s): 63-72.Impreso13High - precision thermal emf comparator for automatic ac - dc trnansfer measurements.Cabiati, F., U. Pogliano.IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. vol. IM - 32 (1983), p. 57 - 62.Impreso14Current - Independent AC - DC Transfer Error Components in Single Junction Thermal Converters.Inglis, B. D., Franchimon, C. C.IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas. IM - 34 (1985), p. 294 301.ImpresoAC-DC transfer standards-present status and future directions.Inglis, Barry D. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: IM-34, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1985, Page(s): 285-290.Impreso15The NBS Absolute Ampere Experiment.Olsen, P. T., Bower, V. E. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas. IM - 34 (1985), p. 175 - 181.Impreso

[ 2 ]Low frequency behavior of thin-film multijunction thermal converters. PTB-E-63, 1999.Impreso[ 3 ]

Hoja1H. LaizCurrent developments in accurate AC-DC transfer measurements.Klonz, M. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 44, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1995 , Page(s): 363-366.ImpresoCurrent - Independent AC - DC Transfer Error Components in Single Junction Thermal Converters.Inglis, B. D., Franchimon, C. C.IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas. IM - 34 (1985), p. 294-301.No ImpresoA computerized model of vacuum thermocouple performance.Levinson, H. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 40, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1991, Page(s): 356-359.No ImpresoTheoretical analysis of the ac/dc transfer difference of the NPL multijunction thermal converter over the frequency range dc to 100 kHz.Wilkins, F. J.IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas. IM - 21 (1972), 334-340.No ImpresoDesarrollo de termoconvertidores multiunion para la transferencia, con la menor incertidumbre,de magnitudes alternas a sus equivalentes magnitudes continuas. PTB-E-29, 1987.No ImpresoAccurate thin film multijunction thermal converter on a silicon chip.Klonz, M. ; Weimann, T. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas. Volume: 38, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1989 , Page(s): 335-337.ImpresoPerformance of multilayer thin-film multijunction thermal converters.Kinard, J.R. ; Huang, D.X. ; Novotny, D.B. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 44, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1995, Page(s): 383-386.ImpresoEvaluation of a voltage source with three calculable RMS outputs.Lapuh, R. ; Svetik, Z. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 46, Issue: 4, Publication Year: 1997, Page(s): 784-788.No ImpresoPor transferirA 10 ppm accurate digital ac measurement algorithm.Hewlett Packard Co, 1991.No ImpresoComparison of three accurate methods to measure ac voltage at low frequency.Kampik, M. ; Laiz, H. ; Klonz, M.

Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, 1999. IMTC/99.Proceedings of the 16th IEEE, Volume: 3, Publication Year: 1999, Page(s): 1472-1477

IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 49, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 2000, Page(s): 429-433.No ImpresoPor transferir2 VersionesExploring the low-frequency performance of thermal converters using circuit models and a digitally synthesized sourceOldham, N.M. ; Avramov-Zamurovic, S. ; Parker, M.E. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 46, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1997 , Page(s): 352-355.No ImpresoPor transferirPrecision measurement of AC voltage below 20 Hz at IENPogliano, U. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 46, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1997, Page(s): 369-372. No ImpresoPor transferirA Method for the Determination of AC - DC Transfer Errors in Thermoelements.Inglis, B. D.IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas. IM - 27 (1978), p. 440 444.No ImpresoA reevaluation of the NIST low-frequency standards for AC-DC difference in the voltage range 0.6-100V.Lipe, T.E. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 45, Issue: 6, Publication Year: 1996, Page(s): 913-917.No ImpresoPor transferirTransient Characteristics of Vacuo-Thermojunctions for Step CurrentTakeishi, Taisuke IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 27, Issue: 4, Publication Year: 1978, Page(s): 456-460.No ImpresoPor transferirCharacteristics of Vacuo-Thermojunctions at Ultra-Low FrequencyTakeishi, Taisuke IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: IM-34, Issue: 1, Publication Year: 1985, Page(s): 34-41.No ImpresoPor transferirAn RMS Digital Voltmeter/Calibrator for Very - Low Frequencies.Schoenwetter, H. K.IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas. IM - 27 (1978), p. 259 - 268.No ImpresoIncreasing the time constant of a thin film multijunction thermal converter for low frequency applicationKlonz, M. ; Weimann, T. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 40, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1991, Page(s): 350-351.No ImpresoPor transferirMeasuring thermoelectric effects in thermal converters with a fast reversed DC.Klonz, M. ; Spiegel, T. ; Zirpel, R. ; Inglis, B.D. ; Hammond, G. ; Sasaki, H. ; Takahashi, K. ; Stojanovic, B. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 44, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1995, Page(s): 379-382.No ImpresoPor transferirDetermination of the time constants of thermoelectric effects in thermal converters using a fast-reversed DC.Sasaki, H. ; Inglis, B.D. ; Takahashi, K. ; Klonz, M. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 46, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1997, Page(s): 377-381.No ImpresoPor transferirDetermination of AC-DC difference in the 0.1-100 MHz frequency rangeKinard, J.R. ; Cai, T.-X. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 38, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1989, Page(s): 360-367.No ImpresoPor transferirEvaluation of the calculable high frequency AC-DC standard.van Mullem, C.J. ; Janssen, W.J.G.D. ; de Vreede, J.P.M. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 46, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1997, Page(s): 361-364.No ImpresoPor transferirAC-DC difference characteristics of high-voltage thermal convertersHuang, D.X. ; Lipe, T.E. ; Kinard, J.R. ; Childers, C.B. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 44, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1995, Page(s): 387-390.No ImpresoPor transferirAC-DC transfer with improved precisionLaiz, Hector ; Garcia, R. ; Cioffi, J. ; Iannone, C. ; Martinez, G. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 44, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1995, Page(s): 407-410.No ImpresoPor transferirVery low frequency ac-dc transfer standard.Budovsky, I. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 44, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1995, Page(s): 367-369.No ImpresoPor transferir

Hoja2ReferenciaTituloResumen de lo ms importanteMaterialutiliado en el calefactorTesisDesarrollo de termoconvertidores multiunion para la transferencia, con la menor incertidumbre,de magnitudes alternas a sus equivalentes magnitudes continuas. PTB-E-29, 1987.TesisLow frequency behavior of thin-film multijunction thermal converters. PTB-E-63, 1999.TesisHigh frequency thin-film thermal converter on a quartz crystal chip. PTB-E-83, 2003.1Thermal converters as ac-dc transfer standards for current and voltage measurements at audio frequencies.Francis L. HermachJournal of research of the National Bureau of StandardsIEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume 48, Publication Year: 1952, Page(s): 121-138.Este paper describe el alcance de medicin de tensin (0.2 V -750 V), de corriente (25 mA - 50 A) y de frecuencia (25 Hz - 20 kHz) en el National Bureau of Standards (NIST).Principalmente: -Describe de donde surge la necesidad de disminuir incertidumbre de tensin y de corriente en un intervalo de frecuencia.-Mensiona que las mediciones de tensin y corriente alterna dependen de patrones con el mismo comportamiento en corriente alterna y corriente continua.-Describe como esta construido el termoconvertidor de union simple.-Describe como se evaluaron los termoconvertidores en esa epoca y presenta resultados en tablas.-Presenta detalladamente porque los errores por calentamiento debidos al efector Peltier y Thomson se deben a asimetrias porque la union caliente no se encuentra exactamente al centro del calefactor.-Describe tambien como un gradiente en el elemento sensor dentro del convertidor no ve diferencia en seales de corriente alterna, y como existen diferencias al invertir el sentido de la corriente continua.-Presenta tambien una tabla con materiales y su diferencia ac-dc esperada en el uso de termoconvertidores, menciona aleaciones con las que se construyeron otros termoconvertidores y prohibe el uso de constantan o aleaciones similares para el calefactor.-Se describe el limite de la capacidad termica del elemento y se explica porque a baja frecuencia la tensin de salida no es independiente de la frecuencia y se espera un error que sea inversamente proporcional al cuadrado de la frecuencia de la seal de entrada.-Detalla las ecuaciones de los efectos Peltier y Thomson en los apendices.2The indirectly heated thermistor as a precise a.c.-d.c. transfer deviceWiddis, F.C. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 103, Issue: 12, Publication Year: 1956 , Page(s): 693-703.3Thermal voltage converters for accurate voltage measurements to 30 megacycles per second.Hermach, F. L. ; Williams, E. S. American Institute of Electrical Engineers, Part I: Communication and Electronics, Transactions of the Volume: 79 , Issue: 3 Publication Year: 1960, Page(s): 200-206. 4The theory of peltier and thomson effect errors in thermal AC-DC transfer devices.F. C. WIDDIS, B.Sc.(Eng.), Ph.D., Member.The Institution of Electrical Engineers, Monograph No. 497 M, Publication Year: January 1962, Pages: 328-334.5Multijunction thermal convertorPROC. IEE, Vol. 112, No. 4, APRIL 19656Precision Measuring Equipment for Electrical Power in the Range of Audio Frequencies.Friedl, R., Wolf, G. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: IM - 15, Publication year: 1966, Pages: 227-233.7Thermal converters for audio frequency voltage measurements of high accuracy.Hermach, F. L.,Williams, E. S. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: IM - 15, Publication year: 1966, Pages: 260-268.8Thermal voltage converters and comparators for very accurate ac voltage measurements.E. S. Williams Journal of research of the National Bureau of StandardsVol. 75C, Nos. 3 and 4, Publication year: July-December 1971, Page(s): 145-154.9Theoretical analysis of the ac/dc transfer difference of the NPL multijunction thermal converter over the frequency range dc to 100 kHz.Wilkins, F. J.IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: IM - 21, Publication year: 1972, Pages: 334-340.10The Error Due to the Peltier Effect in Direct-Current Measurements of Resistance.C. G. M. Kirby and M. J. LaubitzMetrologia 9, Publication Year: 1973, Pages: 103-106.11New NBS measurement of the absolute Farad and Ohm.Cutkosky, R. D.IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: IM-23, Publication year: 1974, Pages: 305-309.12Thermal current converters for accurate AC current measurementWilliams, Earl S. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: IM-25, Issue: 4, Publication Year: 1976, Page(s): 519-523.13An investigation of multijunction thermal converters.Hermach, F. L., Flach, D. R.IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: IM-25, Issue: 4, Publication Year: 1976, Page(s): 524-528.14A differential thermal wattmeter for the AC/DC transfer of power.Cox, L.G. ; Kusters, N.L. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: IM-25, Issue: 4,Publication Year: 1976, Page(s): 553-557.15Transient Characteristics of Vacuo-Thermojunctions for Step CurrentTakeishi, Taisuke IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 27, Issue: 4, Publication Year: 1978, Page(s): 456-460.16A Method for the Determination of AC - DC Transfer Errors in Thermoelements.Inglis, B. D.IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: IM-27, Publication Year: 1978, Page(s): 440-444.17An RMS Digital Voltmeter/Calibrator for Very - Low Frequencies.Schoenwetter, H. K.IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: IM-27, Publication Year: 1978, Page(s): 259-268.18Method for Reduction of AC-DC Transfer Error caused by the Thomson Effect for the Multijunction Thermal Converter.Zhang Deh-Shi, Zhang Zhong-Hua IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: IM-29, Publication Year: 1980, Page(s): 412-415.19Multijunction Thermal Converter with Adjustable Output Voltage/Current Characteristics.Klonz, M., Wilkins. F. J.IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: IM-29, Publication Year: 1980, Page(s): 409-412.20Thermal Instrument for Measurement of Voltage, Current, Power and Energy at Power Frequencies.Schuster, G. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: IM-28, Publication Year: 1980, Page(s): 153-157.21A Thermoelement Comparator for Automatic AC-DC Difference MeasurementsWilliams, Earl S. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 29, Issue: 4, Publication Year: 1980, Page(s): 405-409.22Components and Systems for AC/DC Transfer at the ppm LevelMartin, P. ; Knight, R.B.D. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 32, Issue: 1, Publication Year: 1983, Page(s): 63-72.23High - precision thermal emf comparator for automatic ac - dc trnansfer measurements.Cabiati, F., U. Pogliano.IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: IM-32, Publication Year: 1983, Page(s): 57-62.24Characteristics of Vacuo-Thermojunctions at Ultra-Low FrequencyTakeishi, Taisuke IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: IM-34, Issue: 1, Publication Year: 1985, Page(s): 34-41.25Current - Independent AC - DC Transfer Error Components in Single Junction Thermal Converters.Inglis, B. D., Franchimon, C. C.IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: IM-34, Publication Year: 1985, Page(s): 294-301.26AC-DC transfer standards-present status and future directions.Inglis, Barry D. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: IM-34, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1985, Page(s): 285-290.27The NBS Absolute Ampere Experiment.Olsen, P. T., Bower, V. E. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: IM-34, Publication Year: 1985, Page(s): 175-181.28Structural and Electrical Properties of Stable Ni/Cr Thin FilmsJournal of Electronic Materials, Vol. 16, No. 4, 198729A parts-per-million accuracy instrument for AC voltage measurements.Arseneau, R. ; Zelle, J.J. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: IM-36, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1987, Page(s): 330-332. 30AC-DC transfer difference of the PTB multijunction thermal converter in the frequency range from 10 Hz to 100 kHz.Klonz, M. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: IM-36, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1987, Page(s): 320-329. 31Tuning of the Multijunction Thermal Converter for Low Temperature Coefficient of the Output Voltage.Klonz, M. Precision Electromagnetic Measurements, 1988. Publication Year: 1988, Page(s): 217-218.32A proposal for a multijunction thermal converter.Yonezaki, Genta ; Shida, Katsunori ; Yamazaki, T. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 38, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1989, Page(s): 338-341. 33Determination of AC-DC difference in the 0.1-100 MHz frequency rangeKinard, J.R. ; Cai, T.-X. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 38, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1989, Page(s): 360-367.34Matching of the temperature coefficient of the output voltage of a thin multijunction thermal converter.PTBCongres International de Metrologie, 21-23 Novembre 1989, Paris35Accurate thin film multijunction thermal converter on a silicon chip.Klonz, M. ; Weimann, T. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 38 , Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1989 , Page(s): 335-337. 36Improving speed and accuracy of AC-DC transfer using a fast reversed DC.Klonz, M. ; Zirpel, R. ; Stojanovic, B. Precision Electromagnetic Measurements, 1990. Publication Year: 1990, Page(s): 68-69. 37Increasing the time-constant of a thin film multijunction thermal converter for low frequency application.Klonz, M. ; Weimann, T. Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements, 1990, Publication Year: 1990, Page(s): 134-135. 38AC-DC difference relationships for current shunt and thermal converter combinationsKinard, J.R. ; Lipe, T.E. ; Childers, C.B. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 40 , Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1991, Page(s): 352-355. 39Increasing the time constant of a thin film multijunction thermal converter for low frequency application.Klonz, M. ; Weimann, T. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 40, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1991, Page(s): 350-351.40A 10 ppm accurate digital ac measurement algorithm.Ronald L. SwerleinHewlett Packard Co, August 09, 1991.41A computerized model of vacuum thermocouple performance.Levinson, H. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 40 , Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1991, Page(s): 356-359. 42An accurate AC-DC voltage transfer standard test system using the differential and the dual-channel method.Takahashi, K. ; Sasaki, H. ; Klonz, M. ; Endo, T. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 42 , Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1993, Page(s): 630-634. 43Very low frequency ac-dc transfer standard.Budovsky, I. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 44, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1995, Page(s): 367-369.44AC-DC difference characteristics of high-voltage thermal converters.Huang, D.X. ; Lipe, T.E. ; Kinard, J.R. ; Childers, C.B. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 44, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1995, Page(s): 387-390.45AC-DC transfer with improved precision.Laiz, Hector ; Garcia, R. ; Cioffi, J. ; Iannone, C. ; Martinez, G. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 44, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1995, Page(s): 407-410.46Measuring thermoelectric effects in thermal converters with a fast reversed DC.Klonz, M. ; Spiegel, T. ; Zirpel, R. ; Inglis, B.D. ; Hammond, G. ; Sasaki, H. ; Takahashi, K. ; Stojanovic, B. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 44, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1995, Page(s): 379-382.47Performance of multilayer thin-film multijunction thermal convertersKinard, J.R. ; Huang, D.X. ; Novotny, D.B. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 44 , Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1995, Page(s): 383-386.48Current developments in accurate AC-DC transfer measurementsKlonz, M. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 44 , Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1995, Page(s): 363-366.49A reevaluation of the NIST low-frequency standards for AC-DC difference in the voltage range 0.6-100V.Lipe, T.E. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 45, Issue: 6, Publication Year: 1996, Page(s): 913-917.50Development of thin-film multijunction thermal converters at NIST.Kinard, J.R. ; Novotny, D.B. ; Lipe, T.E. ; De-Xiang Huang Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements Digest, 1996, Publication Year: 1996, Page(s): 493-494.51High-current thin-film multijunction thermal converters and multiconverter modules.Kinard, J.R. ; Lipe, T.E. ; Childers, C.B. ; Novotny, D.B. ; De-Xiang Huang .IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 46 , Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1997, Page(s): 391-394. 52Evaluation of a voltage source with three calculable RMS outputs.Lapuh, R. ; Svetik, Z. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 46 , Issue: 4, Publication Year: 1997, Page(s): 784-788.53Precision measurement of AC voltage below 20 Hz at IEN.Pogliano, U. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 46, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1997, Page(s): 369-372.54Exploring the low-frequency performance of thermal converters using circuit models and a digitally synthesized source.Oldham, N.M. ; Avramov-Zamurovic, S. ; Parker, M.E. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 46 , Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1997, Page(s): 352-355. 55Determination of the time constants of thermoelectric effects in thermal converters using a fast-reversed DC.Sasaki, H. ; Inglis, B.D. ; Takahashi, K. ; Klonz, M. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 46, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1997, Page(s): 377-381.56Evaluation of the calculable high frequency AC-DC standard.van Mullem, C.J. ; Janssen, W.J.G.D. ; de Vreede, J.P.M. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 46, Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1997, Page(s): 361-364.57Thin-film ac-dc converter with thermoresistive sensing.Katzmann, Fred L. ; Klonz, M. ; Spiegel, T. ; Kessler, E. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 46 , Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1997, Page(s): 382-386 .58Low-frequency characteristics of thin-film multijunction thermal voltage converters.Avramov-Zamurovic, S. ; Oldham, N.M. ; Parker, M.E. ; Waltrip, B.C. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 47 , Issue: 1, Publication Year: 1998, Page(s): 87-89. 59A numerical simulation of thermoelectric effects in single-junction thermal converters.Sasaki, H. ; Takahashi, K. ; Inglis, B.D. ; Klonz, M. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 48 , Issue: 2, Publication Year: 1999, Page(s): 408-411. 60A simulation tool for the AC-DC transfer difference of thermal converters at low frequencies.Laiz, H. ; Klonz, M. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 48 , Issue: 6, Publication Year: 1999, Page(s): 1155-1160. 61Comparison of three accurate methods to measure AC voltage at low frequenciesKampik, M. ; Laiz, Hector ; Klonz, M. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 49 , Issue: 2, Publication Year: 2000, Page(s): 429-433. 62Development of thin-film multijunction thermal converters at PTB/IPHT.Klonz, M. ; Laiz, Hector ; Kessler, E. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 50 , Issue: 6, Publication Year: 2001, Page(s): 1490-1498. 63New thin-film multijunction thermal converters with negligible low frequency AC-DC transfer differences.Laiz, H. ; Klonz, M. ; Kessler, E. ; Spiegel, T. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 50 , Issue: 2, Publication Year: 2001, Page(s): 333-337. 64Improved high-current thin-film multijunction thermal converters.Kinard, J.R. ; Lipe, T.E. ; Wunsch, T.F. Precision Electromagnetic Measurements, 2002. Publication Year: 2002, Page(s): 364-365. 651-A and-120 mA thin-film multijunction thermal converters.Laiz, Hector ; Wunsch, T.F. ; Kinard, J.R. ; Lipe, T.E. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 54 , Issue: 2, Publication Year: 2005, Page(s): 803-806. 66Explanation for the ACDC Voltage Transfer Differences in Thin-Film Multijunction Thermal Converters on Silicon Chips at High Frequencies.Scarioni, L. ; Klonz, M. ; Kessler, E. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 56 , Issue: 2, Publication Year: 2007, Page(s): 567-570. 67New Thin-Film Multijunction Thermal Converter Design for Improved High-Frequency PerformanceFujiki, H. Sensors Journal, IEEE, Volume: 7 , Issue: 9, Publication Year: 2007, Page(s): 1243-1247. 68Development of mjtcs on fused silica substrates at NISTLipe, T.E. ; Kinard, J.R. ; Scarioni, L. 2010 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM), Publication Year: 2010, Page(s): 95-96.69Thin film multijunction thermal current converter with increased rated current level.Fujiki, H. 2012 Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM), Publication Year: 2012, Page(s): 480-481.70Development of Thin-Film Multijunction Thermal Current Converters With Increased Rated Current.Fujiki, H. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 62 , Issue: 6, Publication Year: 2013, Page(s): 1853-1858. 71Improved Electrothermal Simulation for Low-Frequency Characterization of a Single-Junction Thermal ConverterAmagai, Y. ; Fujiki, H. IEEE Trans. Instr. Meas., Volume: 63 , Issue: 12, Publication Year: 2014, Page(s): 3011-3018.