social institutions final

8/3/2019 Social Institutions Final

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Social Institutions
http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/materials/Images/SysMod8.jpg


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Social Institutions

Systematic way of doingthings.

Established forms or

conditions of procedurecharacteristics of groupactivity MacIver and Page
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Social Institutions- Characteristics

Social in nature.

Universal in nature.

Means of satisfying needs.

Controlling mechanism.

Interrelated.
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BASIC & SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS

Marriage

Family

Education Institution Economic Institution

Political Institution

Religious Institution Recreational Institution


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Marriage

Marriage is a sociallysanctioned union of male andfemale or as a secondary

institution devised by societyto sanction the union andmatting of male and femalefor the purpose of

Establishing a house hold Procreating and

Providing care for the offspring
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Forms of Marriage

POLYGAMY Polyandry

Fraternal polyandry

Non Fraternal polyandry

Polygyny

Monogamy

Experimental marriage

Exogamy Gotra Pravar Village - Pinda

Endogamy Tribal Caste Class Sub-Caste - Race


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Conti . . .

Polyandry: It is a form of marriage whereas onewoman marries more than one man at a giventime.This form of marriage is further divided intotwo as Fraternal polyandry and Non-fraternal

polyandry. Fraternal Polyandry: It is a form of marriage

whereas one woman marries more than one manat a given time those who are related as brothersby birth.

Non-fraternal Polyandry: It is a form of marriagewhereas one woman marries more than one manat a given time those who are not related asbrothers by birth.


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Conti . . .

Polygyny: It is a form of marriage in which oneman marries more than one woman at a giventime. This form of marriage is divided into two.

Sororal Polygyny: It is a form of marriagewherein one man marries more than one womanat a given time those are related as sisters bybirth.

Non-Sororal Polygyny: It is a form of marriage

wherein one man marries more than one womanat a given time those are not related as sisters bybirth.


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Conti . . . .

Monogamy: It is a form of marriage wherein oneman marries one woman at a time. This is theleading form of marriage. Its advantages arenow well recognized. It produces the highest

types of affection and sincere devotion. Experimental Marriage: In this form of marriage

a man and a woman may be allowed to leadmarital life temporarily in order to find out if theycan settle down permanently in matrimonial

relations. If they find that they have compatiblepersonality: they may enter into permanentmarriage relations; otherwise depart from eachother.


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Six social functions of marriage

1. Marriage is the epicenter of thefamily law

2. Regulation of sexual behaviour

3. Reproduction

4. Nurturance and protection ofchildren

5. Socialization6. Passing of the ascribed such as

race


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CONCEPT OF HINDU

MARRIAGES (CONTD.,)

AIMS OF HINDU

MARRIAGE

1. Religious Duty (Dharma)

2. Progeny(Praja) and

3. Conjugal Love (Rati)


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CHANGING CONCEPT OF

MARRIAGE IN INDIA

Traditional concept of marriage isgetting changed.

Hindu marriage today has assumed

the nature of a contract for thematerial benefit of the parties concern.

Marriages are made in heaven oldsaying

TodayMarriages are fixed through

matrimonialcolumns; matrimonial.comand internet chat.


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Family
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Family

Definitions

The biological social unit composed of husband, wifeand children

Eliot and Merrill

Family is a more or less a durable association ofhusband and wife with or without children, or of a manor woman alone, with children

- Ogburn and Nimkoff

Characteristics of family

A form of marriage and mating relationship

A system of nomenclature

An economic provision

A common habitation


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Family

Nature

Universality

Emotional Basis

Limited size Formative influence

Nuclear position

Responsibilities of the

members

Social regulation

Permanent and Temporary
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Family

Functions

Essential and Nonessential

Essential functions are

Satisfaction of sexual need Production and rearing of children

Provision of home

Nonessential functions are

Economic / Religious / Education Health services / Recreational functions

Civic and Social functions

Role of family in socialization


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Family

Types of family

Joint family

Nuclear family

Extended family


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JOINT FAMILY

The family in India does not consistonly of husband, wife and their

children but also of uncles, auntsand cousins and grandsons.

This system called Joint family orextended family system, is a

peculiar characteristic of the Indiansocial life.
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Characteristics of Joint Family:-

Large Size.

Joint Property.

Common Residence.

Cooperative Organization.

Common Religion.

A Productive Unit.

Mutual Rights andObligations.
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Modern family

Features of modern family

Decreased control of the marriage contract

Changes in relationship of man and woman

Laxity in sex relationship Economic Independence

Smaller family

Decline in religious control

Separation of non-essential functions

Filocentirc family


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Education Institution

Education is the basic activities of people in all humansociety

The tern education derive from latin word Educarewhichliterally means to bring up

The idea of education is not merely to impart knowledgeto the pupil in some subjects but to develop in him thosehabits and attitudes with which he may successfully facethe future

DEFINITION

Brown & Roucek defines that education is the sum totalof the experiences which moulds the attitudes anddetermines the conduct of both child and the adult


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Different Aspects of Education

Education as a social process

Social Functions of Education

Education and Social change

And Now, Equality in educationaloppurtunities


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Economic Institutions

Man is not only a Social animal, he is aneconomic being

it is possible to view economic system as

the parent system, and analyze itsconstituent clusters of activities production, consumption and distribution

Similarly it can be taken as a sub systemalso like work, occupatioon, property


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Different Aspects

Different types of Economic system

Barter economy

Guild System

Family IndustriesSmall Scale

Large Scale

MNC

Corporate Economy

Liberalization of Economy


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Political System

Politics is essentially an ancient anduniversal experience

Politics is one if the unavoidable facts ofhuman existence

Ex: trade union, club, political party, civic

associations..


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Different types of system

Dictatorship or Democracy

Different political parties

Voting Behaviour


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Religion

Man, the social animal, is also areligious or spiritual being.

Religion is major concern of man.

Its beginning is unknown.

The institution of religion is

universal. Religion revolves around mans

faith in the supernatural forces.

Religion closely related to

morality
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Definitions

Religion as weunderstand the term,implies a relationship notmerely between man andman but also betweenman and some higherpower Maciver andPage.

Religion is an attitudetowards superhumanpowers- Ogburn
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Components of Religion

Belief in supernatural forces

Mans adjustment with the

supernatural forces.

Acts, defined as righteous,and sinful or sacred

Some methods of salvation
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Functions of Religion

Religious provides religiousexperience.

Religion provides peace of mind.

Religion promotes social solidarity,unity and identity.

Religion conserves the values of

life.

Religion- as an agent of socialcontrol.
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Functions of Religion

Religion promotes welfare.

Religion provides recreation.

Religion explains individualsuffering and helps to integratepersonality.

Religion enhances self-importance.
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Dysfunctions of Religion

Religion inhibits protests and impedes socialchange.

Hampers the adaptation of society to changed

condition.

Religion increases conflict and makes theevolution of realistic solutions more difficulty.

Impedes the development of new identities.

Religion may foster dependence andirresponsibility.
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Recreational Institutions

Shift from Joint Family System towardsRecreation Institutions

Theatre, clubs, parks.


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Thank You

social institutions final

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