STATES OF MATTER

MATTER UNIT

MATTER•ANYTHING THAT HAS MASS AND TAKES UP SPACE.

KINETIC ENERGY•EXPLAINS HOW PARTICLE IN MATTER BEHAVE.ALL MATTER IS COMPOSED OF PARTICLESPARTICLES ARE IN CONSTANT, RANDOM MOTIONPARTICLES COLLIDE WITH EACH OTHER AND WALLS OF THE CONTAINERS.

STATES OF MATTERState Characteristics ParticlesSolid Definite shape and

definite volumeClosely packed in geometric arrangements

Liquid Indefinite shape and definite volume

Have more space and slide past each other

Gas Indefinite shape and indefinite volume

Have energy to spread out evenly in a container

Plasma High temperature gas Positively and negatively charged

THE STATE OF MATTER DEPENDS ON TEMPERATURE•TEMPERATURE RELATED TO THE AVERAGE KINETIC ENERGY OF AN OBJECTS ATOMS OR MOLECULES.•THERMAL EXPANSION INCREASE IN THE SIZE OF A SUBSTANCE WHEN THE TEMPERATURE INCREASES AND CONTRACTS WHEN COOLED.•EXCEPTION TO RULE: WATER-EXPANDS WHEN COOLED.

STATES OF MATTER DIAGRAM

•COMPLETE AS A CLASS

CHANGES IN STATES OF MATTER

•MELTING: SOLID LIQUID•MELTING: CHANGE FROM A SOLID STATE TO A LIQUID STATE.•MELTING POINT: TEMPERATURE AT WHICH A SOLID MELTS.

CHANGES IN STATES OF MATTER

•FREEZING: LIQUID SOLID•FREEZING: CHANGE FROM A LIQUID STATE TO A SOLID STATE.•FREEZING POINT: TEMPERATURE AT WHICH A LIQUID FREEZES.

CHANGES IN STATES OF MATTER

•VAPORIZATION: LIQUID GAS•VAPORIZATION: CHANGE FROM A LIQUID STATE TO A GASEOUS STATE.•BOILING POINT: TEMPERATURE AT WHICH LIQUID BEGINS TO VAPORIZE.

Evaporation can occur at surface of liquid without heating liquid.

CHANGES IN STATES OF MATTER

•CONDENSATION: GAS LIQUID•CONDENSATION: CHANGE FROM A GASEOUS STATE TO A LIQUID STATE.•CONDENSATION POINT: TEMPERATURE AT WHICH A GAS CONDENSES.