CRETE.History of the Last Struggle of

Christian and Turk.

FtfoU of Present Revolt of tbe lire kCbriitUii in Their Attempt to Throw

Off tbe Mohimmedan Rule.U.Sc. Sc.

t.«n«ral Vl.w.Tbe imurrectisa ia Candia, following so closely tha

great m>Hioi upon the European continent, b»s failed to

alirarubai attention In tba United States winch it de¬

serve* It is evident now. as tbe facts coma to light andUe aigiitl anca of tbe struggle is understood, that this

gallant it niggle for freedom is entitled to the sympathiescf tha civilised world.The island of Crete, or Candle. since it came under the

<t>intaattoa of tbe Turkish empire.two hundred yearsggo has been tbe theatre of many bloody attempts on

tie part of the people to regain their ancient independ-Moe or become united totlreece, the land of their an-

eastern. Although having a common patriotic desire

that Crete should be governed by Cretans they have

lather been goaded on to theae revolts by the relentlessand insupportable oppression of tha Turks themselves,whose system of continued cruelties has few parallelson record. The present uprising Is another convulsiveeOtori to shake oil the yoke and be free.The insurrection which commenced in 1860 is now

widespread over tbe Island, and all classes have taken

up arms to fight against the Turks. Numerous indeci¬sive battles have occurred, and tbe condition of theisland is described as much the same as during the Greekrevolution of 1821, both parties exhibiting bitter hate,tad the Turks slaughtering without mercy, to wreaktheir vengeance. Men, women and children have fledfan their towns to the mountains and strongholds, en¬

duing great suffering, and even ending their own livesrather than be borne away as the captives of the infidelMoslem. An intense feeling and sympathy is mani¬fested in Greece for the Crotans, but the government It¬

self cannot render its willing aid, owing to the compli¬cations of Europoan politics. Many volunteers, bev-

ever, and some supplies have been safely on

veyed through the Turkish blockade, and In wo comingspring there Is every indication that, we scenes of

1622-2.1 will he re-onacted, it Is hoped*''!! a different re

suit. In view of the possibilttii" lhe struggle, wo

Isy before our readers a sucd^l history of the events

of this uprising. _

The Present Insurrection.a mrrd-v ">* ksdrkss.

Is April, 1*66, representatives from all parts ot theisland assembled at tyultounaria, about one hour's d s-

taooe from the city 4 Canea, where the Governor General

of tha Island and fofelgu consuls reside. In order to em¬

phasize the poptilV character of a movement for redress

against the grie#ncos of Turkish rule, they were fol¬

lowed there by eeweral thousands of unarmed people.The Bishops of Sidonia and Kiasamos met with the repre¬sentatives »f the tewns of Canea and Retimo, and of the

eoautir *l®triots, and together they drew up a petitionto me Sultan, In which they confined themselves to ask-flM for such privileges only as had been guaranteed to

them by the great Powers. At the same tima anotheraddress was confidentially transmuted to the sovereignsof Trance, Great Britain and Russia, which expressedmore lolly the real deeires of the Cretan people. Forover throe months no reply whatever was made by the

Turkish government; but troops to the number of about

S3,000 were gradually concentrated upon the island, and

pushed forward into the interior with the design of seiz¬

ing upon the strategic points. Then, on July 22, 1800,tha Grand Vizier issued a letter to the Governor Generalin whloh the Turkish government refused even to enter¬

tain oomplaints, and thrsatened severe penalties uponthorn who should continue to offer them. The Governorwas directed, in case of further persistence, to attackand disperse the Cretan assemblies and to arrest and im¬

prison their chiefs in tho fortresses.Ismail Pacha, the Governor, issued a proclamation

forthwith In accordance with these orders; whereuponthe Cretan General Asaembly, then In session at Pros

nere, decided to take up arms; and on tbe 1st of August,lMd, they addressed the following manifesto to the con¬

sole of Christian Powers;.FMTBXT Or TO CSSTAXS OX TAEIXG CF A RMS.

PRoSXSRO, Aug. 1, 1§M.Th* undersigned, representative* or th* Christian

population of Candle, mat together in a General Asaeru-M; of the Cretans, think it their duty to make you wit-aaaaea of the violence which haa urged them, in spite oftbemaelrea. to take up arm* for their legitimate defence,¦e! least both in origin and language, we combatted, inooaipany with our brothers of Greece, during the wholeof the war of Independence without ever having beenadmitted to enjoy the fruita of liberty. And yet, Inaaombling tn thla piece we had never dared to ask foranything beyond the rightawhich tbe protecting Powershad guaranteed to ua by treatiea and protocola; we badonly presumed to claim tbe prlvllegee which tbe Sultanhad epontaaeoealy promised ue by tbe hatti-humayum.Bet the Governor General baa perverted tbe cense of thehumble request which we had preeented pacifically, ask¬ing for fulfilment of sacred promisee. After having letna watt three months, he haa now at laat obtained fromtbe eubttme Porte a negative and managing reply, andpreaeeta himself before na tn arms to oppone force toright.

In making the cannula of the Christian Poware wit-neaaee of the above facta, we now take up anna la our

ewa defence, and render the anthorltlee responsible, inthe eyes of tbe civilized world, for tbe consequences.

[Ptgnod by the representatives of the Christian popula¬tion ef Candin.]

A OOCXTRR FUOTLAMATIOX.

On August 1 Ismail Pacha, tba Governor Genera), la-sued the following proclamation

iKnastTAXTs or Candm.As ail are aware, from a pre¬vious proclamation, the imperial gorornment, tn Hemagnanimity, deigned to order that the Assembly shouldbe enjoined to disperse immediately, and that all personsshould be desired to return to tbeir occupationsand tbalr homes. Those who took part In theAmembly, and some who etyled themselves mem¬bers ef tbe pretended committee, dared yester¬day to turn a deaf ear to these benevolent and augustorders, and persist in their foolish conduct Everyone must censure tbeir course, for tbey have nowclearly shown themselves rebels Tbe local gov¬ernment will disperse asscmbllee by forceof arms wherever It may encounter them.It wtll pursue intriguers, and the chiefs of tbe revolt, byevery means in its power. Every villager is forbiddente harbor, or in any way asai«t or join them; as contra¬vention of these orders will be considered rebellious andsuitably punished. The local government on the otherband, will protect, to the extent of Its ability, the lives,honor and property of peaceful men All person* arecautioned to pursue their own occupations, without lis¬tening to falsehoods or Intrigues. The MOffia shouldremain tranquil, busying themselves with their labor andthe car* of their families.

ISMAIL PACHA. Governor General of Candla.THB CHARACTER OF TBI COXTSST.

The revolt speedily assumed tbe character of a religiouswar. The Turks, residing mostly in tbe oitlaa, could not

be restrained from assaulting and murdering the defence-less Christians. With that fanatical teal for the destruc¬tion of unbelievers, which Is ranght them as a part ofthair religion, they were regardless of either age or set.

On the transports which brought reinforcements oftroops to the island, during tbe latter part of Au¬gust, arrived a dervish, who want about haranguingthe Mussulman population and Inciting themto a general massacre of tba Christians.This preaching ef murder be repeated at tbo various portaat which tbe transports touched. But previous to bwarrival churches had been pillaged and profaned, andeeortnitie* of every kind bad been committed *11 overthe island. The Culled -tatee Consul at cane* and othersremonstrated against theeo barbarities, hut in vein. TheMussulmans svsn went so fsr in their crtzy excitementas to assault the Consulate* of the I nited Metes Hollandand Hwsden. The consequence was a epeedv 'orderingof vessels of war Into the Candia* waters for th* protec"towna

w,d Cbrt*'«M. least in th* seaportOFRRATIOXS OT Tint CRRTtXR.

In the meantime the Cretan* had been concentratingIn th# mountains, mustering, It Is mid. throughout theIsland an aggregate of 2ft,000 armed men. At drat thevleft their famllie* behind In the plain, hut aubeeq i*ntevents proved the necessity of wttdmwiag them :mm thamerciless harbarlt esot the Turks The district of aphakia(pronounced flfaklai occupying the southern twrt of the laT-and sxtonding Into th* mountain region, presented anImpregnable fortress for defence and security. Heretbe armed men gathered together, and the unarmedwere brought Tor safety. The people soon became ani-mated with a fervid zeal for their religion ae well as fortheir independence. On lb* 12th of Aubu t the popui*.lion of th-> several districts about Mount Ma published *decree establishing "s sacred battalion of four hundredveteran soldier" to fight lor the cross Th . banneradopted by ibe Insurgents bed emblazoned upon It a rep.resentaiion of tbe Saviour upon the cross.a paihciicclaim of fellowship with Christ, In the suffering* and

Ereeeutlone Ihey were endaring for the sake of Hi* reion. In various other narts of the island revolution

ary proclamations appeared. At length, oa the 2d of3*Member, Iffflfi, the repreeentatlvce of the sevraleparch lee there met in General Assembly at .-nhakia andpublished a .

Rnoi Aaartos or Txnxrxxnexnt nto* rrrtirsT sxn a Dvr*nor ASXklATIO* TO IIRFRCS.

lUa dwumaut r*y,i*e tba part udtsa py C'aud a u tit*

. 11|>¦«, b liil 9, .<»» f*'estruggle for Grecian ntilOi>«-upr#. lJl(| vluuuoi> byawarded her by »**«'¦'" j,v thune Po**'*Turkey of the coniJ''!Js4. ig&*, wh«u certainthe reveral revolU of 1 »» llie,r r,iiers, which hav eprivilege* were *"^®,,..(1uon. It speak* o: the *dnever beenceJTtod^'^0¥er,..ent as contrasted with thevantages Of c* '*fr.!r,..¦¦ rule ol the K .rau It refersn-lrogntd >

lfll| ..eiitlou for redrew-, and to the10 the recent r'*jP|' u h'ctt It had been refused 't d»-iMultiaf popuSUoo ».,« vnWr TurkvU£££?-- j5X»g«ZZT&Ln"iU'-e rrttrnt. and In accordance with the oeth takeu*ulS':i, and with the «eoeraldeaire ofihe p^oplefor the

^awratsrsJTSfX-' T The abolition, forever, of Turkish rule orer Candiaand ila dependencies. m.ih*r countrvjj'.zzzms^sass®"rrfTSiu- of w. d«r» '¦ »o»^ |0,O;iS^SSETS.'&i 'rZVmS"" "Powers, and to the puissance of the Moat High.

a "Tin? m"nif^D*"ed . he Cret^GeneralAmong the manireetoe_ issu ytQ ,h# patentAssembly in "g

^ a succinct account of theof the UnlfM StAlOjl » J ffrieranpfH of iU ClariHtlftBhtoiorv of 4h« island and of tbo gnoTwm*«ojjima urr S.nie it rAt oanis the ftrugule for liberty in lHZl-v,Uiefr los^of it through the Interference of the greatPowers tnd ihe S those Powers to secure to.hemsrs».i-rr5fflwa«saiu«~tbo inieroeeakm of the uniiea

tionoftbeg^u^anl^of AuJus M described byW Splrid.kis tpM<«vL-^rxss&sssii'tssSS^S Sir JKSttirss "ST;«SkEm" in l mil on aud otherwise aliused them, on their re-SaaMurnsmmzBOlder hnally released.

MASSArnS vkar RKimo.(M the third of September a false re;.or. becerne cur

.iu,<» ill, ifovernor departed the aame evening for Cania,lea'ing tlie commaudaut of Retbymnoo tofunctions 10 that city. This officer placed sentineu atthe gates but one hundred and twenty Turks 6"ccj"\in escaping from the city by .lumping over the lowerportions of the wail, and proceeded tosUa.hUtr, £dlscrimlnately, all the Christians they could llod Onth?neit day September 6, the ...bgovereor had re,turned, but fifteen hundred Turks broke ou£ andrecommenced the massacre. A hatUhon ol Holdiarssent out to restraiu them made common causewtth the murderers. About one 1,u"£re^e k|llJ'STShSL were pSfft *.^ TnWisrsytssJsSSrs5k5£rthat he felt himeelf unsale.

POLITICAL PLOTTCIfS ANO KVK>TS.The Turkish government had been meanwhile pressingforward^ relutoreemenls. which it drew P»rt.y frt>m

°ri"t ZZZZZXT ifSii»'".,"5.. «J-mand.r of the Egyptian llM*^^^^tiJhthohadofTered'cf purchase the Island on termsiWhrl.those on which be had . °b'in«f

Governor General whomsoever the Porte anouU reoom

"Sriy in September Su.m Paoha was ft""* ***

.SS 'explifng1the nreuoH.ons put forward by the Sublime rorte, *SkTwen sent to be published in Greeoe. Itis the Consul, to "hlighten their reversl^vernmenw'< iinnn the artlllces and eophietrlee or the Tnrka, eoa

awsftsrsttS£Kr» ~v£rssthe Sanquertiou, w. ehould hjv. he^^b*»to-tims of trickery end deception had we ®°«

r:r«rri:~v5tr.i^f~rfr,s, #i armxr if it Atisclts tn* aud eodcipori lo huot!TiPout of the. averns wh»b".T®enh^,l^waS*fo^»hetreat with onr wives and children whde waHtng tor in

at Cydonia,

"SWSCtSli'at^rwa.sssssssris

¦aysconciliation, and determined to per*vw tn tMir etruggle for independence, relying uponTurkish government would experience toom «* ..**break or similar revoltt in other^such aa had already appeared In Kplrua, Thesaaly, «*vnand elaewhera

rroirma naim.The Cretan* appear to bar* preened their military

preparation* ao tbat they wert able to take the Initially*.The I/ondon .Star correspondent at Cane* *»r* that mill-tary operations began throughout the who'* Inland atdaybreak on Sunday morning. September 9. The prin¬cipal tight was at Veywee, in tne province of Apeoorena.Here the Egyptians were encamped under the commandof two pachae. The Cretan* anccaeded In defeatingthane with a loan of Ova hundred killed and wounded,and captured the remainder, about four thousand man,with two guns and other equipment* and munition*.The Cretan¦ loat only fourteeu killed and forty-Brawounded, but among ill* killed wu Demetrius Kerauila,one of their chief*

* *n»Rtn.AR ArrantA convention wan entered Into whereby the prison*!*

were to be sent to a remote part of the inland, and thanest day were to receive their tent* and furnitufebeasts or burden furniabed by tbenuelve* Ten hostage*were interchanged to bind this agreement. After theKrvptian* had dep*rte<i letters were received by theChristian*, one from the province of Herai leion (inwhich the town of t'andla t* situated), the other fromtb* province of Malevbiton, describing the altrocitleacommitted there by the Turkish troop* and resident*.The Cretan* were ao excited by there accounts that, for¬getful of their own bostagre, thoy put the tan Egyptiansheld by them to death. Tne Egyptian* relabeled bykilling six of the Cretan hostages.

oIHW BATTLXS.THK < SETASS VICTOWOC*Another battle is reported an taking piece near Can¬

dle. lasting three days irom tha 9th to the ltth of Sep¬tember. lb* Turkish force* re*l*l*d with difficulty the< Yetan attack, and, on tha third day, the rarha of< andm armed seven thousand Turkish reaidaats of lh*town and sent them out. In the provinc* of Sellnoathe fortified town of Ksndano*. which la Inhabited byth* worst indigenous Turks, was strictly blockaded bytb* Cretans Kastellon. another fort!(led town In th*province of Kisaamos, was also beleaguered and har¬assed by tb* insurgents Three Ottoman steamer* lathe liarlmr tvunbarded them, but with little effect, owingto the height of their positions. On the lflh Septemberth* town of Malax a, in the province of Krdonia, wasassaulted. Up to that date operation* had been dsoi¬led y in favor of the Cretans They bad swept th*oountry clear to tha const, driving th* Turks within tb*town*. *t least in the western part of th* Island; for onthe 13th th* Turkish commander, havlag occasion t*send 9re hundred volunteer* from Cenes to Kalirre,only a league distant, was obliged to send them by as*.The Terks indeed claimed victories her* a*d there, butthey consisted merely in beating olf th* asaaulta of theCretans .

orrran or pvaos ssrsorsnOn ths 14th of September Klrttll Mnstspbs Pacha,

having arrived i* his character of imperial coram iretoner.Issued a preclamation promising concessions to th*Christians and granting Ave days during which U>*ycould make tbelr submission. He also ordered tb*burning of villages and other barbarities committed byhis troops to be stopped, but this order was not nbeyedOn the 14th a*d 10th of September two regiment* ofEgyptian troops, under Ismail Pacha, arrived.On September 17 th* Cretan Assembly published a

proclamation, in which tb* arrivei of Mnstaph* Pashawas announced in no complimentary terms. The Cretansw*r* exhorted to reject th* specious words by whichthis lmp«rlal commissioner tried to lure thsm, as theyn>uld have little to aipsct from "the ma* who, duringthirty years, oppressed aur country, ami hang upon treesso many geherons martyr* of liberty."

srrcnxtim ooon son svtt.On th* 19th the Assembly Issued another prnrtama

t on eniotnlng upon tb* Cretan* hnmane onnduct towardprisoner* and unarmed people, In return for Moslem baruantr. Tbsy were not to be driven to retaliation, buton ibeir aide to conduct the war on Cbr sttan principles,.paring tha wtak and defeqeele**

r«ia* anbnwrl or ntn rraxsReport* ware circulated by the Turks, *t this tints,

that many of ths Cretans were accepting ths amnestyand laying down their arm* This was not the case.Those who submitted were th* unarmed and such aacould not «m io place* of safety. Th* untruth of theassertion ¦ apparent from a Constantinople telegram of".eptemtwM, which confesses that thousand* of Turk¬ish (waiwnt* were n**ing Into the towns, and thta manyof tha t-rerks were lcailog tba Island, Tha Turkishgovern treat was psrtirlarly anxious t« create tb* iffi-preseion that ths Bpb*k|al chiefs bad gtrsn In tb«9r *ub-mieato*, a* thair section or in# island waa well know*hf or so impregnnU* li*t g d«ton»ta«j ffffisUittMM

MAP OF CRETE.The Battle Ground of the Christians and Turks.

H ci

be kept up hero Indefinitely. But, m will be ecen fur¬ther on, tb> Hphekiau were engaged heart and hand Inthe t^tnifgk lur Indo^Mdence^and toadoo thought of

"r^X «tfn BiTi* wm« wxxn nwnk.On lha 33d of September the combined Turklah and

Wttan forree, numbering 80,000 men, aeaaaltedreclen camp, attending from Malata to Keramla,

ad were nmuleed. The neit day the Oreeke. havingDratted 8 000 reinforcement*, aaeumed the oflbnelre,ad drove the Turk* on board their ehi,«,with a I .» or3000 priaonera. The Cretan* than attacked the Boightaft Kernaa, which command Caoea, but were reputoed.Atheequently the (Turk* were reinforced by the arrivalft 8,000 Kgyptlana, aavea Turkish battalion* and con-aVorabl* artillery. On a renewal of lha batlla th* Oreekatare obliged to fell back npon the mountain of aphakia

ray ntrott aea»*on»oM tkil MflW lha UMdrraotian wag -eworui U ha

spreading in the estlern part of the Island, Mid hadbroken out in four dlatrltte which had previous!* takenno part In It. The Insurgents In that quarter had feltstrong enough to leave their fortified petitions tp the In¬terior. and advance upon the town of Candla.On the 24th and 26tb ef September Indeotslve fighting

wa* r«|iorted In the province of Kpliakia, and It wwldappear that, at this time, the Turke had the advantage.

At<'TTtan ArrxAT. vo ortsraruir narrow*.On the 24ih of Peptcrnber the Cretans addrawed

another appeal to the great Powers thmngh tha residentConsuls, it alludes to the robberies and murders whichtha Turku ware constantly commuting, and aaka thaChristian Powers to afford protection to tfcg defencelessold men, women and children, or alee to furnlgh Tessalaon which they could be transported te Greece.These b*r'4ritlea were enacted to . mghftU dtleat,j&n. y'uriissxirxSiMz

?n^H *'h,°',8*nd d,>fenc«>»* people iid Men tfitirrfdMlhundred. TurlU ^ uuamir*1 »<*. "*. three

r' »r* mTn* viotrrwo «wmim

in tbe first week of October victoria* of the Cretansware reported in Uerocleton Retbymuoe, and in otherports or the island.°u ,^ctobfr 6, the Imperial Commissioner graciously

' " ""other proclamation extending the period farsubmission to October 10. At this lime a decieive battle

?l?CCt?<,?f>oa' The Egyptian commander bad beenrecalled. A French Iron-clad squadron had arrived in

watern The Turkish government bad beenootigeo to send three thousand troops to quiet Tbeaaaly,rut gave out that it expected to suppre«s the revolt inI rete by the 18th of October. The Greeks at the same

J,'.®® professed to be confident, and asked only for (uppuee of food and munitions of war, not for tuen.

.. .ANOTUXB roca DATS' HAITI Jt.

irom the Oth to the 12th ofOctober a four day's battlein the neighborhood of (Janea. The Greeks

!!»! o2 f sluhhorn resistance to the advance of Musta-Pklf a w. V 8b*r,/°. and forced him to withdraw from

S! rlS*L~Another victory is claimed by the Greeks on

*.6/J .0®ioher. An Athena account gays the Turks

and were pursued by the Greeks,* killed and 1,800 wounded. The Greek lose

was tuqmi.. ill?!!!!!116 *nd °' Octoh*r the Turks claim to have won* "«er Oressa, the Cretans losing 700, besides

by Ul" ri8iBg "d# *** Turkl#h

..oonrraawcTottr ximrt*

..vlCi! ? * week of November the insurrecilon7 announced to be at an end, and aa often

hTS-L Progressing as lively as ever. Various

thI i!i!?o .*im»"»hes occurred, of which, owing to

their ^ ¥ lh6 18,and hy the Turks, and

. "WH^ioo qf Greek papers and oorres-

rol.a k ' accounts have been re-

Tiliif'.i. Mussulman rdports were not reliable.!>i!r!j T -^Phaklat chiefs were said to have sub¬mitted, end that district to have been pacified. Just

t*k,n P1**- The Sphakiats, iu thepert or November, agreed to hold their own district

?! tll# defenceless people of the Island, andthus onab e the whole armed force of other distrlcta tob» concentrated for offensive hostilities. Zimbrakakls,

!S ^/'"'i6?1' ,hereoP°" left Arkypbos, with the.rI* °.f Thondakis and Crearis, and pushed forward tooarM, in the district of Apocoronon. The Turkish gene-. kn0*m« *?. sPh*klst region to be inaccessible,marched towards Episcopi to atlack the Greek leader,toroneoe. Collisions took place at several places in thenorthern and western parts of the islsud, In which theGreeks had the advantage.

AROTHM AHPSAL TO CURISTKXOOtf.The Cretan Assembly, about tbia time, made another

appeal to the Christian Powers, through their ambassa¬dors at Constantinople, to provide protection or meansor transport for the helpless population of the island.They were represented as suff ring from famine, as wellas exposed to outrage; for the Turks destroyed not onlyhouses and provisions, but even agricultural implementsand other means of obtaining a subsi-tence.

A CONVERT CAPTURED BV THE TCHKS.The monastery of Arcadi is situated In the midst of a

large and fertile plain, in the eastern part of the pro¬vince of Rethymnoe, about two hours' jouruey lromthe southern coast of the island. It was built In thereign of the Emperor Heraclius, and has always beenfamous for Its wealth and boneflcem-e. Its hospitalityand chanty have been extended to all nations and creedsalike. Every conqueror hitherto has spared It.theS|>aniah, the Arabs, the Venetians and even the Janis¬saries. During the present insurrection it has givenshelter to refugees from the Turks, and this has beenmade the pretext for Its destruction. The Turkish ac¬counts claim that the convent was used by the Greeksas a storehouse for provisions and ammunition. Astbey express It, "instead of being the habitation ofprayer and piotv it haa been a den of thieves and afortress of rebellion."On the 18th of November Mustapba Pacha arrived at

the town of Rethymnoe (or Retirno) and made prepara¬tions Tor marching upon the convent. Collecting ail thetroops he found there, to those brought by him fromcanea, be mustered a force of sixteen thousand menacoording to the Greek statement.

'

He then sent forward Suleiman Bey to cut off commu¬nications with the Greek forces and prevent their rein¬forcing the oonvent, which tbey a'temptjd to do aa soonas they beard of tbe attack, but were held In check bythese detachments of the Turkish force. After thesehad taken position, tbe Generals Ali Pachs and IsmailPacba, marched to attack the convent, and on the 21stMustapha Pacha himself arrived and took ohiefcommand. The Turkish account says that the forcesimmediately engaged in the siege consisted of onlv 4 000Ottoman infantry ana artillery. Egyptian Infantry Ore-

L?°!!nt6d vo,unl*e. »nd Albanian light InfantryWithin the monastery were about 700 persona, of whomfrom 250 to 300 were combatants, tbe remainder womenand children. A surrender having been demanded andrefused, on the morning of the 20th thehombenlment began. In the afternoon more ar¬tillery and men wore aent for, and on thathe 21st twenty-six heavy guns and two mortars warsplaying upon the doomed monastery, and the towerwhich defended the approach to the main buildins wasreduced to ruins. For two days auduighis.* iB"dwnt cannonade was oontinuad, at thesad of which time a broach was (fleeted, andthe Tarks rushed to the assault. By their ownaooount three minee were sprang upon them as tbestorming party mounted the breach. One of these tbarasy, exploded upwards, with no effect. Another in-wards, with damage to the garrison only. The etherwas effective, and staggered the bead of the stt*»nnrcolumn. They admit that the attack lasted all day andolaim that five to six hundred rebels were killed arnenvwhom were the member* of the Cretan Assembly fni>the province and the abbott of the monaatery They<*Pl«red forty-two insurgents; and ninety women suachildren were found in the magazines and sent to Rati-mo, where they warn put under the ear* of the Greek

The Turkish lose is suud by them 2 flfty-eljbdkilled and one hundred and fifty-three woundedBy tbe Greek aooount It appears that after' the aa.

waiting party entered tbe breach resistance WMkept up br the Cretans Bring from the cells which sur¬rounded the oourt, until their In arms were disabled bvlaeeenent use and many of the garriSin ware kiUad andwounded The remainder then assembled in the lanehall, under the Superior of the convent, rather Gabrieland reeolved to blow up tbe buildings.

'

Thepowderwudeposited la the cellar*, and the mWeb wj apphST?Emanuel T. Ceulae, a monk of twenty year* of axeThe explosion left one wing of the bulldlnv stand-log, In which thirty-nine men and sixtywomen and children eoceped wfUt some woundsThe large and beautiful churoh waa also left mainland;but this the Turks subsequently plundered and burned.1* ja aaid that the wounded were slaughtered hy the

nU>Plh6" t°.th#,r tum *® ascertainir Utey lived. Tbe Greeks claim that more than twathousand Turks were killed and ever onTth^aZdwounded by tbe explosion, and that their armywas

S^L h£lf£Bd br ** A tootharla-laiTofttustepha Pacha was among the killed. The Greek ac¬count# eay that the Tarks mutilated tbe Greeian dead

1*B*. m.*n°*r *®d unburtad, in oonsequeaoe of which tbe vicinity of the convent becameunapproachable on aooount of the stench.

stnunwu Villanss, vruHp to the and of November the army of Nostapba.**M disabled from taking tha field, and he wasobliged to eend Reschld kffeudl to attaox Mlawri The

tf^°' !?6'0?® ^ for the captureor the Greek leader, Coroneoa, and I2.M0 for the can.tare of Corneas.

"tor tnecap-

Zimbrakakta, joined by tbe eorpe of Bysantiee bnvinff

^.^ymaamp'The Turks still pursuing their policy of mimpnaen-on' endeavoring to win ever the Cretans by fair

'¦ 6Brt7 P*"1 of December the General As¬sembly Issued another proclamation, encouraging tbepeople to persevere In the struggle for tndepeudenoe}} "P*a*a ^ the Diviae aid thne fir'vouchsafed them, ofthe ooilecttone being made la various ooentriw, and say*thattheyaredailirreoelvlMsapplieeof arms, food andevery needful! Ships would soon arrive to carry awaytheir women end children, and then tbey would oalyJjavu to bold out a little longer, and the Christian natlona would interfere In their betalf. "Tbe three creatproteeting powers, aided by America, that rrlead of hu-manity, labor fbr a prompt intervention." Tet a fewvenal men, paid by MuaUpba Pacba, traverse tbe conn-try, counselling submission Do not submit I Bsbrave I Union with Greece or death I Three months ofstniggle had already been gone through with They badonly to persevere, and victory would come. Suoh wa«the purport of tb« appeal. ;

euaseqcmrr mmPuriog Peenmber then en recorded no battles of any

note. The Sultan, it eeema, was prevailed upon to grantpermlaeion to foreign .hit* of.war to carry away auchpersona aa desired to emigrate from Crete. Report* ofthe total suppression of the revolt have been frequent,bat It still goes on. The last accounts represent thatInsurrection Is threatened in the other Creek Islands,and among all the Greek population subject to Ottomanrule. Greece itself baa been upon tbe verge of war withTurkey Prom tbe Aral (t would not be surprising tolearn that tbe whole Christian population of the Turkishempire bad engaged in this revolutionary movemeat,though the ¦.greet protecting powers,

"

as they are called,are doing all they can to prevent It. Italy baa becomeinvolved lu a quarrel with Turkey on account of anItalian steamer being tired on in Candian waters, forwbloh the moat ample apologise and reparation havebeen demanded. Garibaldi baa «ipressed bis wannestsympathies for the Cretans, and Is reported to be abeutto engage personally in I heir cause.

LATHS.The cable reports that, so far Is the Insurrection from

betug suppressed, that the Sultan proposes to send acrushing lores of 1*0,000 men to end it speedily, fortear ot the general agnation li is creating

It is alto staled that the diplomatic relations betweenGreeoe tnd Turkey have at last been broken off.IbS Athens /mfcpsedencs HtlUnign* of December 19.

1M0. haS a lei lev irom Crete, dated December 11, men¬tioning a battle then in program in the villages ofZburva and Meekls, in the district of fvdonta. TheCretans, numbering * 000, were said to be restating theattack In front of U'.OOO Turks under Mustapba Pacha,frhlle another force of 9.000 under Meheraet Pacha wassocking to turn their flank.The letter asserts that ibe Turks murdered lbs r pris¬

oners taken at the convent of Arsdl.It eavs tbe winjer has become very rigorous, and

that children are dying in large numbers Tbe Cretans.re exulting over the fad that a British man-of-war hasbegun the work ol carrying off the delem elses womenandw-hlldren. sod they are ardently hoping the; all otherChristlsu Powers will soon follow the example,

PERSONAL INTELLIGENCE.Colonel Para, of Georgia, Captain W. H. Stone. of

Mmonrt, J. H. Piatt, of Miaeonri; Lieutenant J. R.Bothered, of the United Statee Array, and J. R Stewart,Of Maryland, are atopping at the Metropolitan Hotel.Judge Samuel A. Foot, of Geneva, N. Y., and Trofeaeor

C.'ariee Darlea, of Michigan, are atopplng at the EverettBo nee.

tfoneral W. T. Bartlett, of Wliconela, la Itopping at|h« VUth Afoauo floteh

CANADA.SKOAL TELEOAW Tl THE HERALD.

The Vtalu Trials al Toronto.Thomas Jllnx.well 11nd James Burlt Convicted.Pair l»-kNorton Pleads (.nllty.(sentence Deferred laall the ( mm, dkc.

Toaoicro, Jan. 14, 1167.The court opened at 10 A. M., Judge Morrison presid¬

ing. Thoa H. Maxwell was the first prisoner placed lathe dock, and in answer to the usual legal question ofguilty or uot guilty, pleaded "not guilty".a sister of theprisoner was la court and occupied a seat next to herbrother during the trial. Hon. J. H. Cameron, la hkropening address to the Jury, said that the indictmeeHunder which the prisoner is to be tried contained aUfcounte.three charging the prisoner as a citizen ef .foreign State, and three as s British subject the evi¬dence against the prisoner Is Tory conclusive, sad I re¬

gret to see so young s man. well educated, plaoed la lbsdisgrac-ful position tbst the ortsoner now occupies Theprsoner is not en Irishman or a Catholic, therefore hahad not the same excuse la oomlng to fTrni4f as hlacompanions.John Metcalfb testified to having been at Rldgoway, '

and is at present a turnkey in the old jail, whore ne sawthe prisoner, who Inform -d him that be was born laLondon, C. W., and that he lately resided In Buflalo,and that he was at the fight at Rldgeway, when he waswounded.

T. N. Moleswortb testified to having seen the prisoneron the second of June at Fort Brie, and having seekhim arrested; when the prisoner was arrested he de¬nied being a Fenian, but afterwards showed a wound l*,bis side which, he said, he received at Rldgeway. Ororaexamined.The prisoner did not seem to be at raid when,arrested; ha was well used by those who .held him aprisoner.

Dennis Bnllivan testified to having seen tbe prisonerat Fort Erie the second of June, and that tbe prisonerinformed him that he was wounded la the rtgnt hip bythe Briish.James Thompson, private in tho Queen's Own, teetf-

fied to having been at Ridgeway, and at having seen theprisoner at Port Colborne, and was guard over him; theprtsoneifattempted to escape twice, and requested wis-neas not to be h\rd on him; I know tbe prisoner'sfather; he formerly kept a saloon in Toronto; I never »

saw the prisoner Before; tbe prisoner told me be waspFenian, and that Canada would be annexed to the UnitedStates by fair and foul moans.Thomas Richards testified to having known the

prisoner when he resided in tbe east eod of Toronto; Isaw ths prisoner at Port Colborne undur military guard,and asked him what be was doing with tbe Fenians ; hesaid be was fighting for tho liberty of Canada; theprisoner is a Protestant.

William Manson testified to having seen the prisonerat Fori Erie on the 2d of June; the prisoner was armedwith a musket. Cross examined.I knew the prisonerwhen he lived In Toronto; did not speek to him at FortErie.George Graham testified to having seen the prisoner at

Fort Erie on the afternoon of June 2; the prisoner It-formed him that he was wounded at Rldgeway. wherethe Queen's Own got so badly peppered.This closed the case for the Crown, Mr. McKenste

stated that there was no evidence to sustain tbe indict¬ment tbst the prisoner entered Canada from a foreignState for the purpose of levying war against her Majesty.His lordship noted the objection. The Crown uounealstated that they were willing to forego their right to ad.dress ths jury. His Lordship then proceeded to snm ofthe evidence at length. ,

During the absence of the Jury the prisoner requestedto see the reporter ot the Nsw Tore Herald, to whomhe stated that he had learned it was ths intention of thsgovernment to confine the prisoners In Kingston, belhoped President Roberts would soon release them. TheJury, after an absence of twenty minutes, returned Witha verdict of guilty. The sentence was deferred.James Burk wsa the next placed in tbe dock. Mr.

Cameron, in opening the case, stated that the prisonedwas indicted In the aame manner as Maxwell, and Urnevidence agsinst htm was of ths strongest character.John Metoalfe testified that the prisoner bad tnfbnnad

him ne was born in Ireland, and that he resided in Ham¬burg ; that he crossed in n email boat on tbe 1st of Junofrom Buffalo to Fort Erie, with the intention of going,immediately back to Buffalo; bnt not being able to pro¬cure a boat he had to stay in Fort Erie all night, andthat ha was arrsstad on Saturday a little above FortErie. The prisoner was In ths United States Army withShsrman.Joaas Moratogstar testified to having men tbe prisons*

an the 2d of Jane, about fonr miles above Fort Erie andabout three miles from Rldgeway; prisoner was dreeoegin the United States uniform and armed, and I tried totake him a prisoner, when be draw n revolver s nd mvarohe would shoot me if I advanced; with the amlatanoe ofMr. Kraft the prisoner was overpowered and taken toFort Erie; be said he crests! with lbs Fenians.Samuel Kraft's testimony wns ths seas ss that glvmq

by Morningstar.F. L Newbjgglng testified to file crossing qf toe

Fenians (Tom Black Rook to Fort Erie. This oonslndsdthe case for the Crown. Mr. MoKeasIs contended thatthere was no evidence which tended to prove that thqlprisoner Intended to levy war. Bis Lordship mads cnot# of ths objection. Mr. McKmisle then proceeded laaddress the Jury In a very eloquent manner, Be walfollowed by Mr. Harrison for the Crown. After ItaqJsdge had charged ths Jury they retired, at three P. M..end returned to court at half-past three with s verdict oftguilty. Sentence was deferred. !

Patrick Norton waa ths next arraigned, (be IndloUmen l under which ths prisoner was tried being the sameas that In the former oassa. Ths prteenor being calleden to plead said that ha would plead guilty, as be neednot expect a fair trial from e Canadian Jury, and tbaJlsufficient oT them had been alreadyconvioted on*matter ef form. iHon. J. H. Cameron.It is not ths wish of ths Croinr

that you should labor under such an Impression.Prisoner.There Is so nse In baring tho time of thai

eonrt wasted. I plead guilty, sad hove already give*my reaaoo.Ths court deferred passing sentence. In Bark's oasa

tbe Jnry at qnartv past six P. M. brought in a verdict a£guilty. Judgment was also deferred in hla case.

To-day's Globe publishes a latter frost Colonel Lyncfiuto tho editor of ths /risk JsMrtoqn, New York, la whichhe states that he has the American Consul's aothorit jfor contradicting the reported conversation with fihlokTthe special agent for the Fenian Brotherhood. Ho|.that he never had an Intimation that Ehlel had oto supply the wants of tbe Fenian prisoners. Theeditorially hopes ths government will not wait forremonstrance from Washington about the outrages iNiagara Falls, bnt send detectives than. and. If neoeisary, a squad of provincial polios to protect Strangers.The Cen federation Scheme to bet# >|Vet« ef the Fwlt>Pr»nc< BWjgljfwritk.meat ef the Seelety ef St.

KonaiUt C. t. Ja 14 1197.General Michel informed one of the memben ef

Cabinet this morning that be had reeetred Informeltatafrom the inportaljrov(ramemu^^ qoBftdenHoa btwould be ¦mottoned If the Caaadtaa pedfrte wtoM .'done K. The Governor Le auleue to enbmlt tbd billthe people, but la aware that It will be rqjeeted by Iterfe vote. In thai eaae he le inatraoted to orderelection of the memben of the Canadian Provlnotal Par.lament under the old rlgdme.A petition baa been forwarded to the goventmegl

pmrfne that the aooletj known ae Si Patrick be dlbanded In the BDtUton u la claimed that theevoietra MlHb or the Feu lab Brotherhood, and that at I eoioert given by the society lately cheen were given 1<Roberta and O'Nell, but none for the Queen, and tbjthe aamee of Terence Belial MoManol i|» Gl&Ml QJooran wen placed on the walla, wblle the royal faiaUpwere ignored, and that tbe Preetdeat of the aoclety fpooed a vote of tbanka to the United States goveranfor the Interest they had taken in Irishmen imprison*In Canada. It Is also stated In the petition that a mem*ber of the society proposed to sing "The Wearing of theGreen." It is not known what action the governmentwill take on the petition until after tbe meeting of thoExecutive round!. The St Patrick's society has on itbooke the names of Bve thousand paying members.

Affairs >¦ Qeelft.Qcessc, Jan. 14, 1967.

A draft for 4980 sterling has been authorised petcable for the relief fund, foom Oresuock, Seotlaad.The gold model of the Quebec Curling Club wua

by Charles Poeton, who scored fifteen.Last mason twenty-two vessels arrived here flnoff

Prance and cleared for French porta, showing » largeincrease of direct trade with Franoe. Sevenwere built here last year and sold to Franoe

The thermometer Is eight degrees nelow aero

HEWS ITEMS.¦Texas wants a university, but hue no commonDebt of Maryland, |10.TS0,M0.The ' gentiles" are to be starved out of Utah.At Delhi. Ohio, on New Tern night, a men married

he being tbe sen of ber staler.own aunt,Pome ladies of Cincinnati bavo reeeaUy organised

.owing olrele in aid ef tho Nowaboyt' Home of that oityvEmigration from Georgia end Alabama to Florida I

said to be Increasing to a considerable extent.A marble bust of Abraham Lincoln, for whlob he bed

a cast of his features taken, la to be plsoed in the UniteMates Court room at Louisville, Ky., on the 19th prox.There are thirty applicants foam Massachusetts for

vscant West Point cadetahtp. It will be deolded bycompetition examination.

In Waabington county. Tena, le eg ancient taretree, on the bark of which le still legible the follow ininscription:." 1771.D. Boon kilted e oar '

raiifornia wants to send e big tree to the World'!Per, bat no ship Is targe enough to take it. Tbe OelLfornians might make of the trunk a "dug out " eanoe.and send their commissiottere over In It.

Mrs. Stevens, says an Irlah papar, wife of theCentre, Is residing at Dalkey, and may be seen shoppinuin Kingston, quite unconcerned, apparently, at the fo-tm*<le about her huehand. Some people In this countryere not unconcerned with regard to whose money isher purse when ehe goes shopping. »

The Cincinnati people ere entertaining the cheerfulconviction that "the preaenl rotten taste' of th« r hy-drant water la occasioned by tbe fact that "the loathaoms content* of Peer creek which receives the r*.fnee of Innumerable slaughter bonees, kr .are carrt«hr an eddy Into tbe mouth of tbe supply pipe of IU«Water Works. *

vrMrs. Rebekab Teal, of Wilmot, Mask, passed her one

op the let met She was born Uhundredth birth day oiWonurn, Mess . Jan 1, 1767. Her maiden aantp w,Rebekah Tweed. Her mother died some years since 1Antrim, ai the advanced age of nmetv, and her last stitar at Wlnobeetff, Masa.. aged nlnet/fotip $he haone hundred and twenty-four desoeatllhVe n»'0| outmm hundred and eemir twy