The ReformationThe Reformation

The European WorldThe European World

Focus QuestionsFocus Questions

What is reform? How would you reform the organization of

decision making at the H.F. High School?

What is reform? How would you reform the organization of

decision making at the H.F. High School?

Causes of the ReformationCauses of the Reformation

1500 - Renaissance emphasis on the secular and the individual challenged Church authority

1500 - Renaissance emphasis on the secular and the individual challenged Church authority

Causes of the ReformationCauses of the Reformation

1500 - Renaissance emphasis on the secular and the individual challenged Church authority

printing press spread secular ideas

1500 - Renaissance emphasis on the secular and the individual challenged Church authority

printing press spread secular ideas

Causes of the ReformationCauses of the Reformation

1500 - Renaissance emphasis on the secular and the individual challenged Church authority

printing press spread secular ideas

German rulers resented the Popes’ attempts to control them it was difficult for the Pope or

Holy Roman Emperor to impose central authority

1500 - Renaissance emphasis on the secular and the individual challenged Church authority

printing press spread secular ideas

German rulers resented the Popes’ attempts to control them it was difficult for the Pope or

Holy Roman Emperor to impose central authority

Causes of the ReformationCauses of the Reformation

1500 - Renaissance emphasis on the secular and the individual challenged Church authority

printing press spread secular ideas

German rulers resented the Popes’ attempts to control them it was difficult for the Pope or

Holy Roman Emperor to impose central authority

northern merchants resented paying Church taxes to Rome

1500 - Renaissance emphasis on the secular and the individual challenged Church authority

printing press spread secular ideas

German rulers resented the Popes’ attempts to control them it was difficult for the Pope or

Holy Roman Emperor to impose central authority

northern merchants resented paying Church taxes to Rome

Martin LutherMartin Luther

became a monk in 1505 became a monk in 1505

Martin LutherMartin Luther

became a monk in 1505 from 1512 until his

death he taught scripture at the University of Wittenberg in the German state of Saxony

became a monk in 1505 from 1512 until his

death he taught scripture at the University of Wittenberg in the German state of Saxony

Martin LutherMartin Luther

became a monk in 1505 from 1512 until his

death he taught scripture at the University of Wittenberg in the German state of Saxony

wanted to be a good Christian, not to lead a religious revolution

became a monk in 1505 from 1512 until his

death he taught scripture at the University of Wittenberg in the German state of Saxony

wanted to be a good Christian, not to lead a religious revolution

Martin LutherMartin Luther

became a monk in 1505 from 1512 until his

death he taught scripture at the University of Wittenberg in the German state of Saxony

wanted to be a good Christian, not to lead a religious revolution

1517 - decided to take a public stand against the actions of a friar named Johann Tetzel

became a monk in 1505 from 1512 until his

death he taught scripture at the University of Wittenberg in the German state of Saxony

wanted to be a good Christian, not to lead a religious revolution

1517 - decided to take a public stand against the actions of a friar named Johann Tetzel

IndulgencesIndulgences

a pardon which released a sinner from performing any penalty a priest might impose for sins a “get out of Hell free” card

a pardon which released a sinner from performing any penalty a priest might impose for sins a “get out of Hell free” card

Johann TetzelJohann Tetzel

a German Dominican friar

a German Dominican friar

Johann TetzelJohann Tetzel

a German Dominican friar

raising money to rebuild St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome by selling indulgences

a German Dominican friar

raising money to rebuild St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome by selling indulgences

Johann TetzelJohann Tetzel

a German Dominican friar

raising money to rebuild St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome by selling indulgences

gave people the impression that buying indulgences could buy one’s way into heaven

a German Dominican friar

raising money to rebuild St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome by selling indulgences

gave people the impression that buying indulgences could buy one’s way into heaven

The 95 ThesisThe 95 Thesis

October 31, 1517 Luther posted his theses

(arguments) on the door of the castle church in Wittenberg

invited other scholars to debate him

October 31, 1517 Luther posted his theses

(arguments) on the door of the castle church in Wittenberg

invited other scholars to debate him

The 95 ThesisThe 95 Thesis

October 31, 1517 Luther posted his theses

(arguments) on the door of the castle church in Wittenberg

invited other scholars to debate him

someone copied Luther’s words and took them to a printer

October 31, 1517 Luther posted his theses

(arguments) on the door of the castle church in Wittenberg

invited other scholars to debate him

someone copied Luther’s words and took them to a printer

The 95 ThesisThe 95 Thesis

October 31, 1517 Luther posted his theses

(arguments) on the door of the castle church in Wittenberg

invited other scholars to debate him

someone copied Luther’s words and took them to a printer

quickly, Luther’s name became known all over Germany

October 31, 1517 Luther posted his theses

(arguments) on the door of the castle church in Wittenberg

invited other scholars to debate him

someone copied Luther’s words and took them to a printer

quickly, Luther’s name became known all over Germany

Luther’s Three Main IdeasLuther’s Three Main Ideas

1. people could win salvation only by faith in God’s gift of forgiveness

the Church taught that faith and “good works” were needed for salvation

1. people could win salvation only by faith in God’s gift of forgiveness

the Church taught that faith and “good works” were needed for salvation

Luther’s Three Main IdeasLuther’s Three Main Ideas

1. people could win salvation only by faith in God’s gift of forgiveness

the Church taught that faith and “good works” were needed for salvation

2. all Church teachings should be clearly based on the words of the Bible

the pope and church traditions were false authorities

1. people could win salvation only by faith in God’s gift of forgiveness

the Church taught that faith and “good works” were needed for salvation

2. all Church teachings should be clearly based on the words of the Bible

the pope and church traditions were false authorities

Luther’s Three Main IdeasLuther’s Three Main Ideas

1. people could win salvation only by faith in God’s gift of forgiveness

the Church taught that faith and “good works” were needed for salvation

2. all Church teachings should be clearly based on the words of the Bible

the pope and church traditions were false authorities

3. all people with faith were equal

therefore, people did not need priests to interpret the Bible for them

1. people could win salvation only by faith in God’s gift of forgiveness

the Church taught that faith and “good works” were needed for salvation

2. all Church teachings should be clearly based on the words of the Bible

the pope and church traditions were false authorities

3. all people with faith were equal

therefore, people did not need priests to interpret the Bible for them