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1 TheVOICE Monday, May 26 - June 1, 2014

SPECIAL REPORT

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4 TheVOICE Monday, May 26 - June 1, 2014LOCAL

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EDITORIAL jrefrmEkdifiH ,rf;aiGY jy,fa&; pm;yGJ0kdif;ay:u t"dutwm;tqD;ckepfcsuf aemfukdukdaemfukdukd

pdk;&ESifh wdkif;&if;om;wdkYtMum; oabmxm;uGJvGJrIrsm;aMumifh ESpf 60 jynfwGif;ppf tqkH;owfrnfh wpfEdkifiHvkH; pdk;&ESifh wdkif;&if;om;wdkYtMum; oabmxm;uGJvGJrIrsm;aMumifh ESpf 60 jynfwGif;ppf tqkH;owfrnfh wpfEdkifiHvkH;

typftcwf&yfpJa&;pmcsKyfvufrSwfa&;xdk;Edkifa&;tajctaerSm a00g;aeqJjzpfonf/typftcwf&yfpJa&;pmcsKyfvufrSwfa&;xdk;Edkifa&;tajctaerSm a00g;aeqJjzpfonf/

Chief Editor - Kyaw Min Swe, Editor in-Charge-Zeya Thu, Managing Editor-Kyaw Naing, Contributor -Nathan Maung, Senior Executive Editors - Kyaw San Min, Khine Cho Zaw Win Tin, Zin Zin Thaw, Thiri Zaw, Nwet Kay Khine, Senior Editors-Mya Hnin Aye, Thu Rein Hlaing @ Khunn Thu, Editorial Secretary- Aung Soe, Graphic Editors - Myo Htoo Htet, Ngu War Khine, Soe Han, Hein Tint, Photo Editor-Moe Kyaw Lwin, Foreign Affairs - Aung Kyaw Soe (Desk Editor), Tin Aye Kyaw, Thant Zin Soe, Aung Nyein Chan, Phyo Min ThantEditors - Aung Bo Bo Shein, Kyaw Swar Soe, Min Myo, Kyi Kyi Lwin, Moe Khine, Kyu Kyu Thin (Moe Myay), Zin Marlar Htay@Green, Aung Aung Tun, Editorial Assistant- Swe Nyein Aye, Chan Nyein Phyu, Thiri Win Thu Lwin. Senior Reporters-Tin Linn, Pyae Phyo Lin, Aung Myint Htun, Le Yee Myint, Aung HtetReporters - Ye Zon Aung, Naw Ko Ko, Nyan Myo Aung , Kyaw Oo Naing, Sid Nyein Thu, Pyae Phyo Aung, Ye Naing Oo, Khine Cherry Htun, Thant Zin Oo, Thazin Oo, Kan Zaw, Photographer- Ye Pyae Zarni, Aung Naing, Mandalay- Ye Win Naing, Aye Thanda Tun,Win Shwe Yi Oo, Monywa - Ko Thet, Myat (Kalay),

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"mwfykH- aemfukd"mwfykH- aemfukd


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ajymMum;onf/

]]u,m;jynfe,frSm&S daewJ h

ya'gifvlrsKd;awG&JU ,Ofaus;rIudk xdkif;

uvdkYxifaewmudk jrefrmtjzpf jyefazmf

xkwf&r,f/ aemuf a'oxGufukefawG

zGHU NzKd;wdk;wufzdkYeJY {nhfvrf;nTefouf

oufr[kwfbJ Tour Operator awG

jzpfvmzdkY? [dkw,f c&D;eJYqdkifwJh toif;

c&D;oGm;vkyfief;OD;pm;ay; a'ozGHY NzdK;a&; vydkif;twGif; vkyfief;pwifrnf&efukef? ar 22&efukef? ar 22

tzGJUawGtm;vkH; 'Dudka&mufvmatmif

vkyf&r,f}}[k ¤if;u&Sif;jyonf/

u,m;a'oc&D;oGm;vkyfief;

zGHU NzKd;&ef ITC u c&D;oGm;uRrf;usif

ynm&Sifrsm;ESihf yl;wGJavhvmum Mo*kwf

vwGif pD;yGm;a&;ESihful;oef;a&mif;0,f

a&;0efBuD;Xme? [dkw,fESihfc&D;oGm;vm

a&;vkyfief;0efBuD;Xmewdk YESih fvnf;

oabmwlvufrSwfa&;xdk;&ef pDpOf

xm;aMumif; ¤if;uqdkonf/

trsKd;om;tqihf ydkYukefwdk;jr§ihf

a&;r[mAsL[mudk ig;ESpfpDrHudef;tjzpf

aqmif½GufaeNyD; vuf&SdwGif c&D;oGm;

u@ESihf pdkufysKd;a&;u@wdkYudk EdkifiHwum

tvSL&Sifrsm;\tultnDESihf taumif

txnfazmf&efjyifqifaeNyDjzpfonf/

tar&duefa':vm oef; 500

ukefusrnhf jrefrmhc&D;oGm;r[mAsL[m

pDrHudef;udk aemfa0tpdk;&\aiGaMu;

ulnDrI? tm&SzGHU NzKd;a&;bPf\enf;ynm

tultnDwdkYESihf taumiftxnfazmf

aeNyD; &efukef? rEÅav;? yk*HESihf tif;av;

a'owdkYwGif c&D;oGm;vkyfief;qdkif&m

tajccHtaqmuftODrsm; wdk;jr§ihfa&;

twGuf tar&duefa':vm oef; 160

cefY tokH;jyKrnfjzpfonf/ ■

"mwfyHk¼rif;ausmfom"mwfyHk¼rif;ausmfom


'Dtjrefvrf;rBuD;udk uRefawmf

udk,fwdkif tBudrfBudrfarmif;cJhzl;ovdk

vdkif;um;awGudkvnf; pD;cJhzl;ygw,f/

'gayrJh 'Dvrf;rBuD;rSm armif;wJhvlwdkif;

rawmfwqrjzpfygbl;/ 'gayrJh 'Dtjref

vrf;rBuD;[m &efukef-jynfvrf;rBuD;vdk

,mOfarmif;wJhvlawG trSm;cHEdkifatmif

azmufvkyfxm;wJhvrf; (Engineering Control &SdwJhvrf;) r[kwfwmawmh

aocsmygw,f/ 'gaMumif h &efukef-

rEÅav; tjrefvrf;rBuD;[m txl;

owdjyK armif;ESif&r,fhvrf;jzpfyg

w,f/ aemufNyD; ,mOfarmif;awGu

vnf; olwdkY&JU wm0efodpdwf? wm0ef,l

pdwfeJY ,mOfarmif;awG&JU vrf;pnf;urf;?

,mOfpnf;urf;od&SdrI tydkif;uvnf;

ta&;BuD;ygw,f/ tckvdk rawmfwq

jzpf&wJhudpö awmfawmfrsm;rsm;rSm

vrf;pnf;urf;em;rvnfvdkY acsmufxJ

xdk;uswmrsm;ygw,f/

uRefawmfwdk Y Ed kifiHrSm omref

armfawmfum;armif;wJ hvlrajymeJY

av,mOfarmif;wJh av,mOfrSL;awmif

wm0efrod? av,mOfrSL;wpfa,muf

vdkufem&r,fhpnf;urf;awG rvdkufem

vdkY ]vmNyD; rawmif;yef&if w&m;pGJr,f}

vdkYajymrS uRefawmfhudk vmawmif;yef

wJh av,mOfrSL;udkawmif awGUzl;yg

w,f/ (' Dvd k av,mOfr SL;vmNy D;

awmif;yefatmifvnf; udk,fhbufu

ol (av,mOfrSL;) csK d;azmufcJ hwJ h

trSm;awGudk csufusvufus ajymEdkif

vdk Y vmawmif;yefwmyg/ r[kwf&if

zkwfwJhig;yd &Sdw,fvdkYawmif xifrSm

r[kwfyg/) 'gayrJh olYudkuRefawmfu

bmaMumifh cifAsm;'gawGudk od&JUom;eJY

bmaMumifh 'DvdkvkyfwmvJvdkY ar;vdkuf

awmh olu Flight Delay av,mOf

aemufusaewmaMumifh Pressure zdtm;rsm;oGm;w,fqdkygw,f/ tckvdk

ynmawGwwfNy D ; aoaocsmcsm

oifwef;awG? pnf;urf;awG csxm;yg

vsufeJY pnf;urf;csKd;azmufwJh av,mOf

rSL;awGawmif uRefawmfwdk YEd kifiHrSm

&Sdw,fqdk&if tckvdk omrefum;armif;

wJh yk*¾dKvfrsm; pnf;urf;vdkufemzdkYqdkwm

,Hk&cufygw,f/ tckacwf um;vdkifpif

qdkwmuvnf; yd kufqHay;vdkuf&if

vG,fvG,feJY xGufayr,fh b,favmuf

yJuRrf;usif? uRrf;usifarmif;EdkifEdkif

y d kufqHray;rcsif; ratmifygbl;/

'Dawmh 'Dvrf; wpfckwnf;udk0dkif;NyD;

tjypfwifaer,fh tpm; uRefawmfwdkY

vkyfEd ki fwJ htyd ki f;ud k enf;vrf;& Sm

vkyfaqmif&rSmjzpfygw,f/

'gaMumifh 'Dvrf;rBuD; (Hard-ware) awGudk rjyifEdkifcif Software vkyfaqmifrIjzpfwJ h enf;vrf;rsm;

(Procedure) ? pnf;rsOf;trdef Yrsm;

(Regulation) udk xkwf&rSmjzpfovdk

NyD;&ifcsrSwfxm;wJh pnf;urf;rsm; trSef

wu,fvdkufemjcif; &Sd r&Sdudk aoao

csmcsm Muyfrwfaqmif&Guf&rSmjzpfNyD;

Engineering Control awGudkvnf;

xyfrHjyKvkyf&rSmjzpfygw,f/ Engineering Control qdkwmudk enf;enf;em;vnf

atmif &Sif;jyyghr,f/ Oyrm- udk,foGm;&

r,fhvrf;u tEÅ&m,fvnf; &Sdaew,f/

'gayrJh 'Dvrf;udkvnf; oGm;udkoGm;&r,f

qdk&if 'Dvrf;rSm Engineering Control awGudk vkyfudkvkyfxm;&ygr,f/ vrf;jy

qdkif;bkwfawGuvnf; Engineering Control awGxJuwpfckyg/

Procedure taeeJY ,mOfvdkif;

rsm; od k Yr[kwf ,mOfpD;oltm;vH k;

(Safety Belt) cg;ywf rywfrae

ywfudkywf&rnfh Oya'udkxkwfjyefyg/

uRefawmfBuHKawGUcJhzl;wJh Oyrmwpfck

ay;ygr,f/ uRefawmf jyifopfrSm Coach [dkif;a0;um;pD;wkef; tjzpftysufav;

yg/ uRe fawmfvnf; tJ' Dwke f ;u

em;rvnfawmh um;armif;aepOfrSm

um;&JUaemufydkif;rSm xdkifaewJhrdwfaqG

awGudk rwfwwf&yfNyD; pum;vSrf;ajym

ygw,f/ tJ'DtcsdefrSm ,mOfarmif;

trsKd;orD;u uRefawmfhudk xdkifcH krSm

jyefxdkifNyD; cg;ywfywfxm;zdkY owday;

wJhtwGuf uRefawmfvnf; jyefxdkifcJh

&ygw,f/ tJ'D,mOfarmif;trsKd;orD;u

uRefawmfhudk tckvdkajymayr,fhvnf;

olru awmfawmfoabmaumif;yg

w,f/ uRefawmf ]*&ufEdkwf} qdkwJh

NrdKUav;uae ]yJ&pf}udk tvmc&D;rSm

uRefawmfwdkYtzGJU [dkw,fudk jrefjref

jyefa&mufcsifaeMuygw,f/ taMumif;

u urÇmhzvm;abmvHk;yGJ usif;yaecsdef

jzpfwJhtwGuf uRefawmfhtzGJU abmvHk;

yGJMunfhcsifaeMuvdkY jzpfygw,f/ 'gayrJh

olYum;u vrf;rSm yxrESpfem&D armif;NyD;

csdefrSm wpfacguf rdepf 30 em;w,f/

aemufxyf wpfem&Darmif;NyD;csdefrSm

aemufwpfcg 15 rdepf &yfjyefygw,f/

'geJ Y uRefawmfwdk Yvnf; [dkw,fudk

a&mufcsifaZmeJY uRefawmfhrdwfaqG

jyifopfvlrsKd; ]½dk;rm;&pf} (Romaric) udk ol bmjzpfvdkY cPcPem;aewmvJ?

igwdkY[dkw,fudk a&mufcsifNyDvdkY oGm;ajym

awmh olu ,mOfarmif;trsKd;orD;udk

oGm;ar;ygw,f/ 'gu olwdk YEd kifiH&J U

Driver awG vdkufem&r,fh pnf;urf;vdkY

olru jyefajymNyD; wu,fvdkY vdktyf&if

ol Point tjzwfcHNyD; armif;ay;r,f

vdkY ajymygw,f/ Point tjzwfcHw,f

qdkwm olwdkY&JUum;awG odkYr[kwf Driver License rSm GPS awG wyfxm;yg

w,f/ tu,fí ,mOfarmif;wpfa,muf

onf tcsdefESpfem&Darmif;NyD;wd kif;

owfrSwfxm;onfhtcsdeftwGif; ,if;

ae&mrSmyJ&Sdae? em;ae&rSm jzpfygw,f/

tu,fí ,mOfarmif; odkYr[kwf um;

[m &yfem;jcif;r&Sd&if Point trSwf

tjzwfcH&rSm jzpfygw,f/ 'Dpnf;urf;udk

odoGm;wJhtcg uRefawmfvnf; pnf;urf;

twdkif; armif;zdkYajymcJhNyD; uRefawmfh

tzGJUom;rsm;udkvnf; ,mOfarmif;armif;

wJhtwdkif;pD;MuzdkY tBuHjyKcJhygw,f/

uRefawmfwdk YEd kifiH[m Oa&my

EdkifiHrsm;rSmuJhodkY GPS awGeJY xdef;csKyf

vdk Y r&ao;ayr,fh udk,fvkyfEd kifwJh

tydkif;udk udk,fpvkyfoifhygw,f/ Oyrm

taeeJY &efukef 115 rdkif tv,favmuf

rSm Toll Gate wpfckxyfaqmufyg/

Oyrm - &efukefeJU 115 rdkifMum; tdrfom&Sd

wJh ae&mavmufjzpfygw,f/ ydkufqH

aumufzdkY r[kwfyg/ tJ'D Toll Gate rSm

armfawmf,mOfxdef;&Jrsm;u Muyfrwf&

ygr,f/ &efukefrS Toll Gate tMum;

Speedometer rsm;udk vdktyfovdk ig;rdkif

jcm; 'grSr[kwf ,mOfpnf;urf; vdktyf

csuftwdkif;wyfqifNyD; uDvdk 100

ausmf armif;wJhum;awGtm;vHk;udk

tJ'D Toll Gate rSm 'PfaMu;aqmif

cdkif;yg/ Speedometer t&Sdefppfaq;

wJhpufawGu aps;vnf;rBuD;ovdk

owfrSwfcsuf ausmfarmif;wJhum;awG

udk CCTV uae "mwfyHkvSrf;½dkufNyD;

"mwfyHkudk olwdkYarmif;cJhwJh uDvdkrDwmeJY

Toll Gate qD csufcsif; (tcsdefeJ Y

wpfajy;nD) vSrf;ydkYay;wJh Software udpöavmufudkawmh uRefawmfwdkYEdkifiH

u vkyfEdkifygw,f/ vdktyfovdk ta&;

,lyg/ tJ'DtcsdefrSm ,mOfxdef;&Juvnf;

vmbfrpm;zdkY ta&;BuD;ygw,f/ 'gqdk

EdkifiHawmftaeeJYvnf; 0ifaiGwdk;vm

rSm jzpfygw,f/ aemufNyD; tJ'D Toll Gate rSm um;wd ki f;ud k c&D;onf

odkYr[kwf ,mOfpD;olwdkif; (Safe Belt) cg;ywf ywf rywf wufppfaq;NyD; c&D;

onfrsm; cg;ywfrywfxm;ygu 'PfaiG

aqmifcdkif;yg/ aemufNyD; um;rSmygwJh

ud&d,mtm;vHk; trSefwu,f tvkyf

vkyf rvkyfqdkwmudk ppfaq;yg/ Oyrm -

um;r D;vH k ;rsm; ? tcsuf jyr D;rsm; ?

a&okwfwHrsm; ponfwdkYudk ppfaq;NyD;

Oya'eJYtnD ta&;,lyg/ wpfcgwpf&H

rSm vlawG[m aorSmudk raMumufMu

ayr,fh 'PfaiGaqmif&wJhudpöudkawmh

aMumufMuygw,f/

um;tm;vHk;udk 15 rdepf rem;

rae& em;cdkif;&rSmjzpfNyD; ,mOfarmif;

rsm;ud kvnf; ,mOfpnf;urf;E Si f h

ywfoufonfh ar;cGef;rsm;? tjrefvrf;

\ aqmif&ef? a&Smif&efrsm; ar;cGef;udk

EIwfar;? EIwfajzvkyfcdkif;yg/ aemuf

a&Smif&efudpörsm;udk vkyfrdvQif bmawG

jzpfrnfqdkonfh ar;cGef;rsm;udk xyfar;

yg/ 15 rdepftwGif; vdktyfvQif ,mOfarmif;

rsm;udk aoG;ylavhusifhcef;vkyfcdkif;yg/

xdkae&mü um;wdkif; 15 rdepf&yfudk

&yfem;&rSm jzpfygw,f/

bmaMumifh ESpfem&Darmif;NyD; rdepf

30 em;? 'kwd, wpfem&Darmif;NyD; 15

rdepfem;&wmvJ/ taMumif;t&if;trsm;

BuD;&Sdygw,f/ ½kyfydkif;qdkif&mt& ESpfem&D

ausmf qufwdkufum;armif;&wJh vltaeeJY

yifyef;vmr,f/ idkufrsOf;vmrSm jzpfyg

w,f/ pdwfydkif;qdkif&mt& ysif;vmr,f/

pdwfwdkvmrSm jzpfygw,f/ 'Davmuf

Mumatmif armif;wmawmifrS c&D;u

ra&mufao;bl;qdkwJh todu tvdkvdk

vDbmudk ydkeif;aprdygw,f/ 'gaMumifh

em;udk em;&rSmyg/

' Dtjrefvrf;e J Y ywfoufNy D;

um;armif;oltm;vHk; odoifhwJh tajc

taewpfcku 'Dtjrefvrf;rBuD;wpfck

vHk;rSm tNrJwrf; awmufavQmufarmif;

vdkY&wJhvrf;u wpfzufudk ESpfvrf;yJ

&S dygw,f/ 'gu tv,fuRef;uae

nmbuf rsOf;0gtwGif;rSm&SdwJh yxr

vrf;eJ Y ' kwd,vrf;yJ jzpfygw,f/

'kwd,vrf;&JU nmbufab;rSm t0g

a&mifrsOf;wm;xm;wmudk owdxm;

Munfh&if jrif&rSmjzpfygw,f/ qdkvdkwm

u t0ga&mifrsOf;udk ausmfrarmif;eJYvdkY

ajymwmyg/ 'gayrJh um;armif;wwfp

vli,fawGu 'Dt0ga&mifrsOf;taMumif;

ud k rodyg/ vlBuD;awG awmfawmf

rsm;rsm;vnf; em;rvnfMuygbl;/ 'Dvdk

rodrIaMumifh um;udk wwd,vrf;uae

armif;NyD; rawmfwqrIawG BuHKawGU Mu

&ygw,f/ 'gaMumif h uRefawmfwd k Y

Engineering Control eJY xdef;csKyf

&ygr,f/ 'gaMumifh vrf;wHwm;taeeJY

vnf; wHwm;em; 10 ayavmufrSm

tcktcHwdkifawG? a&wdkifuDawGcsxm;

jcif;xuf udkuf 300 avmuftuGm

(uDvdk 100 armif;wJh um;rsm;twGuf

vHkavmufwJhtuGmta0;) uwnf;u

rsOf;0gtwGif; jyef0ifzd k Y (Rumble Strips/Sleeper Line) tck &efukefrSm

toHk;jyKaewJh tzkuav;awGygwJh

rsOf;Mum;rsK d;awGudk wwd,vrf;eJ Y

pwkw¬vr f ;awGr Sm wy fxm; Ny D ;

a&mifjyefawGeJY jrm;awGjyNyD; rsOf;0g

twGif; jyef0ifzdkY qdkif;bkwfawGuyfxm;

oif hygw,f/ 'Dvd kwyfqifvd kufwJh

twGuf em;rvnfwJh,mOfarmif;awG

taeeJYvnf; rsOf;Mum;t0gawGud k

qufwd ku f Budwfr daeNy D ; um;u

w'kwf'kwfwkefaeNyDqdk&if olwdkYvnf;

vrf;udkowdxm;NyD; Munfhrdygvdrfhr,f/

'gqdk&if jrm;awG? qdkif;bkwfawGu

,mOfarmif;udk rsOf;0gtwGif;jyef0ifzdkY

owday;aewJhtwGuf ,mOfarmif;

vnf; ,mOfvrf;aMumif;udk tcsdefrD

ajymif;EdkifzdkY BudKwifjyifqif&ef &&SdrSm

jzpfNyD; olYtwGufvnf; ½kwfw&uf

wHwm;usOf;ay:vmrS uyfa&Smif&r,fh

udpöudkvnf; ajz&Sif;NyD;om;jzpfoGm;yg

w,f/

um;wdkif;oufaomifhoufom

em;aeEdkifzdk Y um;twGuf t&dyf? c&D;

oGm;rsm;twGuf tdrfomeJY qdkifrsm;

vnf;&Sdoifhygw,f/ tckvdk &efukef

uae 115 rdkifMum;wpfck? 115 rdkifu

ae aejynfawmfMum;wpfck? aejynfawmf

uae rdw¬DvmMum;wpfckESifh rdw¬Dvmuae

rEÅav;Mum;wpfck tm;vHk;aygif; av;ck

xnfhvdkuf&if t&ifujzpfaewJhrawmfwq

rIawG tenf;qHk; 50 &mcdkifEIef;avsmhus

oGm;ygvdrfhr,f/ wjcm;wpfzufrSmvnf;

tjrefjyefcsifolawG uRefawmfhtBuHjyK

csufudk oabmwlcsifrS wlygvdrfhr,f/

'gayrJh &efukef-rEÅav; tjrefvrf;rBuD;

twGuf wpfem&Dtcsdefydkay;NyD; uRefawmf

wdk Y tEÅ&m,fuif;uif; vdk&mc&D;udk

a&mufatmifoGm;Edkif&if 'Dwpfem&D

ydkay;&usKd; reyfbl;vm;Asm/

&efukef-rEÅav; tjrefvrf;rBuD;

udk taMumif;aMumif;aMumifh toHk;jyK

ae&wJh vlom;tm;vHk; ab;uif;vHkNcHKpGm

c&D;oGm;EdkifMuygapvdkY qE´jyK&if; .../

okwpdk; okwpdk; (B.D.I.C)(B.D.I.C)

awmfwdkY aeYpOfeD;yg; tjrefvrf;eJYywfoufwJh rawmfwqjzpf&yfawGudk awmfwdkY aeYpOfeD;yg; tjrefvrf;eJYywfoufwJh rawmfwqjzpf&yfawGudk

rMumcP pdwfrcsrf;ajrhzG,f&m Mum;od&ygw,f/ &efukef-rEÅav; rMumcP pdwfrcsrf;ajrhzG,f&m Mum;od&ygw,f/ &efukef-rEÅav;

vrf;rBuD;&JU raumif;aMumif;uawmh urÇmod (jrefrmod) jzpfaeNyDjzpfwJh vrf;rBuD;&JU raumif;aMumif;uawmh urÇmod (jrefrmod) jzpfaeNyDjzpfwJh

twGuf xyfra&;csifawmhyg/ vrf;udkvnf; jyKjyifoifhwmav;awGudk xyfNyD; twGuf xyfra&;csifawmhyg/ vrf;udkvnf; jyKjyifoifhwmav;awGudk xyfNyD;

jyKjyifvmwmudk vGefcJhwJhESpfrsm;eJY,SOfMunfh&if awGUEdkifygw,f/ vrf;qdkwm jyKjyifvmwmudk vGefcJhwJhESpfrsm;eJY,SOfMunfh&if awGUEdkifygw,f/ vrf;qdkwm

(Infrastructure) (Infrastructure) tajccHtaqmuftODyg/ vrf;[m trmxnfypönf; tajccHtaqmuftODyg/ vrf;[m trmxnfypönf;

(Hardware) (Hardware) jzpfygw,f/ olYudkjyifzdkY aiGukefaMu;ustvGefrsm;rSm jzpfygw,f/ jzpfygw,f/ olYudkjyifzdkY aiGukefaMu;ustvGefrsm;rSm jzpfygw,f/

'DvdkaiGukefaMu;usrsm;vdkY rjyif&bl;vm;qdk&ifvnf; jyif&rSmjzpfygw,f/ 'gayrJh 'DvdkaiGukefaMu;usrsm;vdkY rjyif&bl;vm;qdk&ifvnf; jyif&rSmjzpfygw,f/ 'gayrJh

'Dudpö[m tcsdefwdktwGif; jzpfvmp&mtaMumif; rjrifyg/'Dudpö[m tcsdefwdktwGif; jzpfvmp&mtaMumif; rjrifyg/

uRef

tjrefvrf;rBuD;ESifU jyóemrsm;okwpdk; (B.D.I.C)(B.D.I.C)

"mwfyHk - jrifhrdk;ndK "mwfyHk - jrifhrdk;ndK


&iftywfawGu tcsdefjynfhtrfbDatudk wdkif;wpfyg;oGm;wuf&if rSef;csuf &iftywfawGu tcsdefjynfhtrfbDatudk wdkif;wpfyg;oGm;wuf&if rSef;csuf

eJYESrf;xGufrudkufwwfwm a&;ygw,f/ tcsdefydkif;trfbDat,l&if tvkyf eJYESrf;xGufrudkufwwfwm a&;ygw,f/ tcsdefydkif;trfbDat,l&if tvkyf

rysufbl;qdkwm a&;ygw,f/ 'gayrJh w&m;ao,lvdk Yr&wJhudpöawGqdkawmh rysufbl;qdkwm a&;ygw,f/ 'gayrJh w&m;ao,lvdk Yr&wJhudpöawGqdkawmh

'DtywfrSm tcsdefydkif;trfbDat,l&if awGUEdkifwJhjyóemawG a&;ygYr,f/ aemuf 'DtywfrSm tcsdefydkif;trfbDat,l&if awGUEdkifwJhjyóemawG a&;ygYr,f/ aemuf

wpfacgufus&if b,ftcsdefawGrSm tcsdefjynfhoGm;wufoifhvJqdkwmeJU wufaeqJ wpfacgufus&if b,ftcsdefawGrSm tcsdefjynfhoGm;wufoifhvJqdkwmeJU wufaeqJ

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The Voice Vol.2/N0.33

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The Voice Daily Vol.2/No.33

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Ref : Burma, The State of Myanmar; David I. Steinberg


FREEWARE

21 TheVOICE NET N' TECH

TheVOICE Vol.10/ No.19 Monday, May 26 - June 1, 2014

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TECH

FREEWARE

TECH


22 TheVOICE

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wd kif;&if;om;tm;vkH;onf zG J Upnf;tkyfcsKyfyk H

tajccHOya'ESihftnD wef;wlnDrQ tcGihfta&;

&&SdEdkifa&;twGuf enf;vrf;rsm;udk ol&SmazGcJh

onf/ yifvkHrStjyef vtenf;i,ftMumwGif

&efukef *sLAvDa[mwGifusif;yaom tcrf;tem;

wpfckwGif yifvkHnDvmcHESihfywfoufNyD; olYoabm

xm;udk xkwfazmfajymMum;cJhonf/ olu jrefrm

EdkifiHopfudk xlaxmifvdkvQif pnf;vkH;nDnGwfonhf

jynfaxmifpkEdkifiHawmfudk xlaxmifrSom&rnf

jzpfNyD; wpfjynfaxmifcsif; oD;jcm;cGJae&efqdkonf

rSm rjzpfEdkifaMumif; pnf;vkH;nDnGwfrSomvQif

tusdK;&SdEdkifaMumif;udk xkwfazmfajymqdkcJhonf/

xdknDvmcHudk u&ifwdkYu oydwfarSmufMu

onf/ &cdkifESihf rGefwdkYudk xdknDvmcHu rzdwf/ em*

ESihf 0tjyif tjcm;vlrsdK;pkrsm;uvnf; xdkyGJwGif

usefaecJ honf/ yifvkHpmcsKyfudk 1947 ckESpf

azazmf0g&Dv 12 &ufaeYwGif vufrSwfa&;xdk;cJh

onfqdkjcif;rSm &Srf;? ucsif? csif;ESihf u&ifeDwdkYjzihf

oabmwl vufrSwfa&;xdk;cJhjcif;jzpfonf/ yifvkH

pmcsKyfonf vGwfvyfa&;twGuf wpfcef;

wpfu@taeESihf ta&;ygcJhonf/ *syefwdkYudk

wdkufxkwfcJhNyD;aemuf NAdwdoQwdkY jrefrmEdkifiHudk

jyefvnftkyfpdk;EdkifcJhonhf 1945 ckESpfwGif NAdwdoQ

eef;&if;0ef uvD;rihf tufwvDu 1947 ckESpf

Zefe0g&Dv 27 &ufaeYwGif vGwfvyfa&;udk tjref

qkH;ay;rnf[k AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;ESihf oabm

wlnDcJhMuonf/

NAdwdoQwdk Yonf jrefrmEdkifiHudk 19 &mpk

uwnf;u ppfyGJokH;Budrfjzihfodrf;ydkufcJhNyD; oDaygrif;

udk xD;eef;rSjzKwfcscJhonf/ 1824 rS 1826 ckESpf

twGif; ppfyGJwpfBudrf? 1852 ckESpfwGif wpfBudrf?

1885 ckESpfwGifwpfBudrf ppfyGJokH;yGJjzihf jzpfonf/

20 &mpktapmydkif;wGif jrefrmhtrsdK;om;a&;vIyf

&Sm;rIrsm;ay:aygufvmNyD; udkvdkeDtkyfcsKyfa&;udk

qefYusifvmcJhMuonf/ Ak'uvsmP,k0 (YMBA) uJhodkYaomtoif;rsKd;udk 1906 ckESpfwGif ausmif;om;

rsm;u pwifzGJUpnf; xlaxmifcJhMuonf/ YMBA toif;onf jrefrmEdkifiHwGif yxrqkH; acwfopf

EdkifiHa&;vIyf&Sm;rIudk OD;aqmifcJhaom tzGJUtpnf;

wpfckjzpfcJhonf/

jrefrmEdkifiHwGif NAdwdoQwdkYudk vufeufudkif

awmfvSefa&;pwifcJhjcif;rSm 1930 jynhfESpfwGif

jzpfNyD; wdkif;&if;aq;q&m q&mpHqdkoluOD;aqmif

cJhonf/ xdkykefuefvIyf&Sm;rIonfvnf; 2 ESpfcefY

omMumNyD; ed*kH;csKyfoGm;cJh&onf/ q&mpHonf

YMBA tzGJU0ifwpfOD;jzpfcJhNyD; tzGJUuay;tyfonhf

wm0efudk ausyGefpGmxrf;aqmifEdkifcJhol[k qdk&

rnfjzpfonf/ jrefrmhaus;vuf&Sd v,form;rsm;

ta&;udkpkHprf;&ef (GCBA) toif;onf ay:ayguf

vmNyD;aemuf q&mpHonf olYudk,fol rif;bGJUcHum

NAdwdoQwdkYudk tcGefray;&ef wdkufwGef;vIHYaqmf

cJhonf/ aemuf 2 ESpftMumwGif tiftm;okH;axmif

cefY&Sdaom q&mpHwyfudk NAdwdoQwdkYu wdkufcdkuf

ESdrfeif;cJhonf/ xdkawmfvSefa&;udk qE´jyif;jy

xufoefaom y&rf;ywm awmfvSefa&;[k

oefYjrihfOD;u okH;oyfcJhonf/

q&mpH\ olykefwyfudk NAdwdoQwyf&if; 7

&if;rS ppfom;aygif; 8ç000 ausmfjzihf ESdrfeif;

cJhNyD;aemuf olYudk EdkifiHawmf opömazmufrIjzihf

BuKd;ay;uGyfrsufcJhonf/ q&mpHudk ESdrfeif;vdkuf

jcif;aMumihf jrefrmtrsKd;om;a&;vIyf&Sm;olrsm;\

pdwf"mwfrsm;onf ydkNyD;xufoefvmum 1938

ckESpfwGif Ad kvfcsKyfatmifqef;udk,fwdkif yg0if

vIyf&Sm;cJhonhf wdkYArmtpnf;t½kH;udk ay:ayguf

vmaponhf wGef;tm;wpfckjzpfapcJhonf/

AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;ESih f olYtaygif;tyg

ausmif;om;acgif;aqmifrsm;onf olwdkYudk,f

olwdkY ]ocif} [k bGJUtrnfrsm;cHum jrefrmhEdkifiHa&;

jyKjyifajymif;vJrIrsm;udk vIyf&Sm;awmif;qdkcJhMu

onf/ 1941 ckESpfwGif ocifatmifqef;ESihftwl

tjcm; trsKd;om;a&;vIyf&Sm;ol 29 OD;wdkYonf

w½kwfEdkifiHodkY xGufcGmoGm;cJhMuNyD; *syefwdkYxHrS

ppfa&;avhusih fay;rIrsm;ud k cH,lcJ h Muonf/

xdktzGJUonf aemufydkif;wGif ]&JabmfokH;usdyf} [lí

trnfwGifcJhNyD; *syefrsm;usL;ausmf0ifa&mufvm

csdefwGif ]jrefrmhvGwfajrmufa&; wyfrawmf} (BIA)

[lí zG J Upnf;xlaxmifEd kifcJ honf/ 1941 ckESpf

'DZifbmv 8 &ufaeYwGif *syefwdkYu NAdwdoQwdkY

tm; ppfaMunmcJhonf/ bDtdkifatwyfonf *syef

wd k Ytm; axmufvSrf;a&;ESih f ppfa&;qd kif&m

taxmuftyHhrsm;ay;cJhNyD; *syefwdkYonf jrefrm

EdkifiHwGif okH;ESpfokH;rdk; pdk;rdk;tkyfcsKyfoGm;cJhonf/

*syefwdkYonf AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;tkyfcsKyf

onhf bDtdkifatwyfaMumihf NAdwdoQwdkYudk atmif

EdkifcJhrItay: aus;Zl;jyKaomtm;jzihf jrefrmEdkifiHudk

vGwfvyfa&;ay;cJhonfqdkaomfvnf; ta,mif

aqmif (a&T&nfpdrf) vGwfvyfa&;omjzpfcJhonf/

1944 ckESpfwGif olwdkYudkay;onhf vGwfvyfa&;

qdkonfrSm twkta,mifomjzpfaMumif; em;vnf

oabmaygufvmonhftcsdefwGif AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;

onf *syefwdk YESih fvrf;cG Jum r[mrdwfrsm;ESih f

yl;aygif;&efqkH;jzwfvdkufonf/ AdkvfcsKyfatmifqef;

onf olYppfom;rsm;udk zufqpfwdkufzsufa&;ESihf

jynfol YvGwfvyfa&; (zwyv) tzG J Utjzpf

wdwfwqdwfzGJUpnf;NyD; r[mrdwfwyfrSL; AdkvfcsKyf

0DvsHpvif;rf? *sKd;pwD;0JvfwdkYESihf yl;aygif;um *syef

wdkYudk jrefrmEdkifiHrS wdkufxkwf&ef taxmuftul

ay;rnfjzpfaMumif; ajymMum;vdkufonf/

Ref: Burma, A Nation at the Crossroads, Benedict Rogers

23 TheVOICE Monday, May 26 - June 1, 2014 FICTION

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tcef; (17)tcef; (17)

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pmpm 14 azmazmoDoD aomufMurnf rStquf azmazmoDoD aomufMurnf rStquf


Monday, May 26 - June 1, 2014THE VOICE WEEKLY24

PERSPECTIVE tmPm&? twdkuftcHESifU

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rSL;aZmf rSL;aZmf

[Ref : 1. Center Stage for the Twenty-First Century, Power Plays in theIndian Ocean, by

Robert D. Kaplan, Foreign Affairs, March/April 2009 2. The Indian Ocean World Order by Robert

D. Kaplan, 10 April 2014]

CARTOON OF THE WEEK

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aumufEkwfcsufaumufEkwfcsuf

VOICE OF THE WEEK


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arv wwd,ywftwGif;jyKvkyf

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n 6;30 em&Dn 6;30 em&D

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n 10;30 em&Dn 10;30 em&D

n 11;30 em&Dn 11;30 em&D



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u&def;ta&;aMumifh Oa&myor*¾ESifh tar&duefjynfaxmifpku u&def;ta&;aMumifh Oa&myor*¾ESifh tar&duefjynfaxmifpku ½k&Sm;tay: ydwfqdkYta&;,lrIjyKvkyfvsuf&dS&m xyfrHta&;,ljyK ½k&Sm;tay: ydwfqdkYta&;,lrIjyKvkyfvsuf&dS&m xyfrHta&;,ljyK

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Vol.10 / No.18 - Monday, May 19 - 25, 2014THE VOICE WEEKLY32

FOREIGN AFFAIRS,l

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BBCBBC

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