2ac speech document

8/15/2019 2AC Speech Document

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Case


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2AC (long)Status quo surveillance technology attempts to generate a

“model” of individuals based o of the gender binary that is

internali!ed by the queer body" # have to repress $ho # am to

%t in that is soul murder and social death& the deliberateattempt to eradicate $ho # am" #t leaves me $ith nothing but

an empty soul and a shell of a body" #n response& the

a'rmative is a triumphalism of failure rather than try to %t

into predictive surveillance& $e embrace our appearance as

“contradictory” sets of data" ather than try to live up to

heteronormativity& $e embrace that $e $ill al$ays be its

opposite queer" *ur advocacy re+ects positivity& allo$ing us to

confront the gross inequalities of everyday life and %nd truly

ne$ $ays of organi!ing the $orld in a non,heteronormative

$ay by embracing scholarship dominant epistemology mar-s

as “$rong” or “failing"”


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.#C


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/uare 2AC.erm 0e advocate embracing failure to %nd a queer future

free of the normative and a quare future free of the normative"

1o competition $e can use queer theory and quare theory to

have an intersectional analysis"

he alt doesn3t solve Cross,apply .uar from the 4AC , setting

blac- identity as only able to identity as quare it prevents

conviviality& or “becoming $ith”" hat $rec-s its potential&

because in order to aect real change $e must present our

identity as open to change& and allo$ it to be challenged by

the radicalness of those $e engage $ith"

#nterp they don3t get to steal my narrative their advocacy is

inherently disingenuous because they haven3t e5perienced

$hat I have experienced prefer our interp for t$o standards

a" 6airness it3s clearly not reciprocal # can3t steal a

heteronormative identity $ithout erasing my identity& but

they can ta-e my narrative and doctor it to %t their

political pro+ect $ithout hurting their soul"

b" Commodi%cation allo$ing negative teams to steal

narratives in their .#7s creates a system ofcommodi%cation& $here debater3s identities can be

revised and s-e$ed to impart a form of psychological

violence on them"

c" 8ducation the only $ay $e can learn about our identities

in debate is $here $e read personal narratives if they

$anted to access conviviality or identity they should have

tal-ed about ho$ surveillance aected them& not tried to

ta-e my identity for themselves"


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1o lin- 9ohnson says queer theory doesn3t ta-e account of

blac- performativity& but $e3re not that queer theory he3s

critici!ing authors li-e 8delman :alberstam speci%cally $rites

about the intersection of blac- oppression and queer

oppression"

;in- urn *ur queer theory does ta-e account of blac-

performativity .uar3s conviviality

#mpact urn by identifying their theory as al$ays inde%nitely

quare& they mandate that $e reproduce endlessly quare theory

that means they -eep in place oppression inde%nitely

because the quare identity becomes attached to and reliant on

the oppressive structures they critici!e"

;in- urn 7oerner indicates the a'rmative is -ey for blac-

liberation because $e t$ist and pull on the language of the

resolution that upsets dominant grammars of po$er and is a

prerequisite to blac- liberation"

he a solves and is quare theory our advocacy is a radical

method traditionally used by slaves to upset the dominant

structures of po$er

:alberstam 44" J. J. Jack Halberstam, professor of English at the University of Southern California, TheQueer rt of !ailure

!ailure can be counte" #ithin that set of oppositional tools that James C. Scottcalle" $the #eapons of the #eak% &'()*+ (-. escribing peasant resistance in

Southeast sia, Scott i"enti/e" certain activities that looke" like in"i0erence orac1uiescence as $hi""en transcripts% of resistance to the "ominant or"er. 2anytheorists have use" Scott3s rea"ing of resistance to "escribe "i0erent politicalpro4ects an" to rethink the "ynamics of po#er 5 some scholars, such as Sai"iyaHartman &'((*-, have use" Scott3s #ork to "escribe subtle resistances to slaverylike #orking slo#ly or feigning incompetence. The concept of $#eapons of the#eak% can be use" to recategori6e #hat looks like inaction, passivity, an" lack ofresistance in terms of the practice of stalling the business of the "ominant. 7e canalso recogni6e failure as a #ay of refusing to ac1uiesce to "ominant logics of po#eran" "iscipline an" as a form of criti 1ue. s a practice, failure recogni6es thatalternatives are embe""e" alrea"y in the "ominant an" that po#er is never total or

consistent5 in"ee" failure can e8ploit the unpre"ictability of i"eology an" itsin"eterminate 1ualities.

urn he usage of queer is good it is reclaiming a term

traditionally used to discriminate against us they cede

“queer” to hegemonic po$ers and reinforce e5clusion

1orton 2 9:ictor ;orton, merican #riter on literary an" cultural history, particularly gay history5 $Queer*?'@?>>5 accesse" >*?'@?>'A5Bhttp+??###.rictornorton.co.uk?social.htmD.


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yke, faggot, gay, 1ueer+ these are 1ueerF#or"s. 7hen straights hear" them for the /rsttime in the '(>s or '(A>s they "i" not kno# #hat they meant. Gecause they ha" notcreate" them 1ueers ha". 7hen the mollies #ere trie" in the early eighteenth century, the 4u"ges an"

4uries hear" #or"s they ha" never hear" before an" phrases they "i" not un"erstan"+ bit a blo#, cater#auling,cau"leFmaking, in"orse, ma"ge culls, to "o the story, Gattersea3". In a homose8ual trial in Gritain in the '(A>s the

4ury ha" to be han"e" a glossary of 1ueer terms so that they coul" comprehen" the testimony they #ere about to

hear &Higgins '((@-. These are not $ords of hegemonic social control these are$ords indigenous to an ethnic culture. The fact that they happen to be fairlymo"ern 1ueerF#or"s "oes not mean that 1ueer culture is a mo"ern invention+ these particular #or"s have simply superse"e" earlier 1ueer #or"s such as molly an" triba"e, both of#hich have ha" a longer history than "yke, faggot, gay, 1ueer.


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7


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8urocentric /ueerness 2AC.erm Aman and # advocate embracing failure as a metho" to"econstruct heteronormative surveillance an" /n" a 1ueer future freeof the normative endorse radical hope for queer crip feministeco,futures" he -riti- and :alberstam deal $ith

fundamentally dierent applications of queer scholarship

a" he 4AC is a method $e can use to form a queer

community& and to ma-e the queer identity& $hich society

stigmati!es as “failing”& a positive identity and

community" he a'rmative allo$s us to identify

queerness as a positive identity in the face of a society

that says $e are a negative& faililng identity"

b" o contrast& the 7riti-3s scholarship is a method of

changing ho$ society sees queernesss they $ant to useaect to ma-e society vie$ the queer community

positively"


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.erm do the alternative conviviality is a form of aect it is a

process of becoming that allo$s us to constantly aect each

other3s identities and perceptions"

he a'rmative solves the impact thin- of this as a lin- turn ,

$e change normativity an e5ample if predictive surveillance it sees the queer body as contradictory& but by embracing

failure and embracing our contradictory appearance& $e can

deconstruct the surveillance technology and change it that is

a form of aect that allo$s us to change ho$ society sees the

queer community"


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60


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2AC esolved C>#Counterinterp he a'rmative should be in the direction of the

topic by defending a mechanism curtailing surveillance , the

resolution should serve as an invitation to dialogue only our

interpretation preserves a balance bet$een the clash ofcivili!ations no$ occurring $ithin debate" hat assures there is

al$ays neg ground on things li-e surveillance good"

?allo$ay sst =rof an" irector of ebate K Samfor" 2-@

:yanFformer L2U "ebater5 inner an" Conversation at the rgumentative Table+:econceptuali6ing ebate as an rgumentative ialogue5 CM;TE2=M::N:LU2E;TTIM; ; EGTE5 Ool. )5 p. 'F.

Gy "e/nition, "ebate coaches are contentious an" the history of mo"ern "ebate has been marke" by an interFplay of collegiality an" competition

&Gruschke, >>P, p. )-. Ho#ever, mo"ern "ebate has ampe" up natural levels of antagonism sothat it no# e8ists in a clash bet#een one group that employs an argumentative

style heavily centere" on evi"ence an" spee" against another that seeks tocritici6e the form an" style of these "ebates. ebates bet#een the t#o factionsare fre1uently conceive" as a clash of civili6ations &Solt, >>P, p.PP-. :hetoric from bothsi"es often reaches a fever pitch. Tim M3onnell of 2ary 7ashington University3s 4u"ging philosophy says that, $rightno#there is a #ar going onan" the very future of policy "ebate as an e"ucationally an" competitively coherent activity hangs in the balance%&>>)-. The other si"e of the coin is e1ually forthright. sha Cerian o0ere" in her 4u"ge philosophy $to vote on Rs 9kritiks an" alternative forms of "ebate. n" that3s it% &>>*-. Similarly, n"y Ellis has poste" a series of youFtube vi"eos to eF"ebate calling for a more ra"ical approach. In onevi"eo entitle" $Unifying the opposition,% Ellis "escribes "ebate as a #ar an" calls for insurgents seeking to overthro# e8isting "ebate practices &Ellis,

>>)b-. 7hile these vie#s are e8treme, longFtime observers have note" changes in the tone an"tenor of "ebate "iscussions. Je0 =archer observe" that the fragmentation of the >>P ;ational ebate Tournament $seeme"viscerally "i0erent% than previous "isputes &>>P, p. )(-. These "isagreements seem highly personali6e"an" $#rought #ith frustrations, an8iety, resistance, an" backlash% &ompetti, >>P, p. *-.Mne coach note" that the "i0erence bet#een the current era of factionali6ation an" controversies of the past is that, $no one left counterF#arrant

"ebates in tears.% 2uch of the controversy involves the resolution itself, an" #hetherteams shoul" have to "efen" the resolution, or #hether they can mount abroa"er criticism of the activity &Sni"er, >>-. Steve 7oo"s notes that, $ca"emic "ebate is no#entering a thir" state, a critical turn in the activity. The i"entifying element of this change is that aban"onment of the role playing that the construct of fat enable"% &7oo"s, >>, p. )*-. This 4ournal previously &>>P- a""resse" issues regar"ing the gro#ing "ivi"e in policy "ebate.Ho#ever, the role of the "ebate resolution in the clash of civili6ations #as largely ignore". Here, I "efen" the notion thatactivist approaches of critical "ebaters can best ourish if groun"e" in topicala"vocacy "e/ne" in terms of the resolution. This approach encourages thepe"agogical bene/ts of "ebates about "iscourse an" representations #hilepreserving the e"ucational a"vantages of s#itchFsi"e "ebate . ebaters3 increase"reliance on speech act an" performativity theory in "ebates generates a nee" tostep back an" reFconceptuali6e the false "ilemma of the $policy only% or $kritikonly% perspective. =olicy "ebate 3s theoretical foun"ations shoul" /n" root in anoverarching theory of "ebate that incorporates both policy an" criticale8changes. Here, I #ill seek to conceptuali6e "ebate as a "ialogue, follo#ing the theoretical foun"ations of 2ikhail Gakhtin&'((>- an" Star 2uir &'((- that connects the bene/ts of "ialogical mo"es of argument tocompetitive "ebate. I"eally, the resolution shoul" function to negotiatetra"itional an" activist approaches. Taking the resolution as an invitation to a


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"ialogue about a particular set of i"eas #oul" preserve the armative team3sobligation to uphol" the "ebate resolution. t the same time, this approachlicenses "ebaters to argue both "iscursive an" performative a"vantages. 7hile this vie#is broa"er than many policy teams #oul" like, an" certainly more limite" than many critical teams #oul" prefer, this approachcaptures the a"vantages of both mo"es of "ebate #hile maintaining the stablea8is point of argumentation for a full clash of i"eas aroun" these values. Here, I begin #ithan intro"uction to the "ialogic mo"el, #hich I #ill relate to the history of s#itchFsi"e "ebate an" the current controversy. Then, I #ill "efen" myconception of "ebate as a "ialogical e8change. !inally, I #ill ans#er potential criticisms to the "ebate as a "ialogue construct.

he resolution tas-s us for a motion or e5pression regarding it

it doesn3t have to be about policy implementation" Be%ning

speci%c $ords in the resolution misses the point because that

doesn3t address ho$ the a'rmative is supposed to engage

$ith the resolution


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2AC Conformity Fachineheir overdetermination of $hat activism and engagement

loo-s li-e is precisely the pointtheir topical version&

predictability& and decision,ma-ing arguments are clever

smo-escreens for the violence of the conformity machineSvirs-y 4" 2arcelo Svirsky, professor of critical an" cultural theory at Car"i0University &UR-, $Intro"uction+ Geyon" the :oyal Science of =olitics,% eleu6eStu"ies Ool P+ >'>, pg.

:ather than problematising the political, this royal understanding of activismuses its Wmetric po#er3 to a5iomatise politics, #hile simultaneously repressingactivist e5periences that refuse simply to align #ith Wthe given3 of formalpolitics. n e8ample of this can be seen in the hostility of #estern states to#ar"sorganisations such as W 7ikileaks3 or the W nimal rights movement3, each of #hichare immerse" in creative acts of citi!enship that actualise ruptures. Such ne#

scenes an" acts are constantly at ris- of being appropriated by this royalscience of politics, #hich imposes upon them a model that channels civicparticipation accor"ing to established rules and concepts. ctivisms that seekonly to guarantee the #orkings of representative "emocracy are essentially slaveactivisms5 they d$ell in safety an" their impact an" potential is e8pecte" to beabsorbed #ithout dra$ing the system into ne$ structures of resonance"

The assumption that Wmass participation is the lifebloo" of representative"emocracy3 not only imposes a particular model of the political, it alsoreinforces a pe4orative #ay to conceive activism " Gy positing representative"emocracy &or any other regime- as the rei%ed model of political process, theorynecessarily idealises certain forms of involvement over others. !or e8ample,

classical participatory theory is often blin" to 9unable to comprehen" the creativesigni%cance of the activist energies being unfol"e" in such events as criticalteaching in schools, revolutionary philosophical $riting, the deconstructiveeect of a critical assemblage that confronts patriarchal po#er, or of civichomose5uality #hich "isrupts heterose8ism. In fact, the assumptions un"erlyingWrepresentative3 participation are troublesome for at least t#o reasons. !irstly,participation in the formal political process of Wrepresentative "emocracy3 does notin itself necessarily implicate a critical attitu"e or action, seeking a less repressivean" more creative life. To evi"ence this, it is enough to keep in min" some fearfulrecent e8amples of mass political support for Wrepresentative3 state violence, asoccurre" last 2ay #hen thousan"s of Israelis marche" in Tel viv an" the streets of

Jerusalem to back the killing by the Israeli efence !orces of nine activists from the Turkish !oun"ation for Human :ights an" !ree"oms an" Humanitarian :elief, asthey boar"e" the 2avi 2armara ship sailing to La6a as part of a humanitarianotilla. Similarly, #e might remain min"ful of other, no less electrifying, cases ofpopular support for #ars an" genoci"es in South merica, sia, Eastern Europe an"frica , or of events such as the Holocaust. In these instances, mass participationmore accurately falls $ithin the eichian analysis of a popular Gdesire forfascism3#hich lies $orlds a$ay from a participatory liberalism that i"ealises


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the commitment of the public to activist citi6enship &see Isin >>(- an" to thetolerant Wgoo" life3 that #estern "emocracy claims to represent. Secon"ly, passivityis not necessarily a sign of political anaemia , but may be a cultural e8pressionthat requires local e5planation. Here, research at times confuses the visible$ith the political+ absence of visible mass participation might be a sign ofunconscious an" preFconscious compliance #ith ongoing forms of oppression, an"can impact more energetically on the perpetuation of a regime than can tangibleacts of the bo"y these mo"es of active abandonment pro"uce the reign ofdaily microfascisms.

fter eleu6e an" Luattari, political activism may be approache" in a fun"amentally"i0erent #ay+ $ithout an image& $ithout a form. s eleu6e an" Luattari makeclear, the interaction bet#een royal an" noma" science pro"uces a Gconstantlyshifting borderline3, meaning that there is al$ays some element that escapescontainment by the Giron collars3 of representation &eleu6e an" Luattari '()*+@*5 see also eleu6e '((P-. This occurs #hen the plane of consistency ispassionately thro$n against the plane of organisation , #hen a noma" element

inserts itself in political struggles in #hich, for instance, the boundaries ofciti6enship are challenged an" reopened &as occurre" in the struggle associate"#ith the sansFpapiers movement, see Isin >>(-, or barriers of ethnic segregationare challenge" by ne# forms of interculturalism &as occurs #ith bilingual forms ofe"ucation-. It is through these Gsmall est deviations3 that smooth types ofpolitical activity "#ell $ithin the striate" forms of state politics &eleu6e an"Luattari '()*+ *'-. eleu6e3s an" eleu6e an" Luattari3s political philosophieshave create" some of the conceptual tools #hich may be put to innovative use inactivism that seeks to break #ith repressive tra"itions. Their alien relation to thestan"ar"s set by the royal science of politics &see =atton >>>- an alienation lai"out in the philosophical resources they "ra# on, in the issues an" concepts that

characterise their #ork an", principally, in the incessant movement of their thought points to#ar"s a richer philosophical $eaponry #ith #hich to confront an"possibly overcome political inhibitions, in both kno#le"ge an" practice.


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2AC .assivityheir normativity cultivates a passive sub+ect" Fa-ing the

choice to be outside of the norm is -ey to building individuality

and tolerancethis is the highest ethical priorityvoting

negative allo$s for stagnation of decision,ma-ing s-ills anddestroys freedom

Cliord 24 &2ichael, ssociate =rofessor of =hilosophy #ith the Institute forthe Humanities an" the epartment of =hilosophy an" :eligion at 2ississippi StateUniversity, $=olitical Lenealogy fter !oucault%. :outle"ge,


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to respect certain regions of personal liberty. In"ivi"uality must be "evelope",nurture", cultivate". $Human nature is not a machine to be built after a mo"el, an"set to "o e8actly the #ork prescribe" for it, but a tree, #hich re1uires to gro# an""evelop itself on all si"es, accor"ing to the ten"ency of the in#ar" forces #hichmake it a living thing% &M


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2AC Foueheir oense is solved by this debate but $e have e5ternal

oensetheir interpretation obscures antagonism $hich

results in violence and erases dissent

Foue 2D &Chantal, University of 7estminster professor of political theory,$The emocratic =ara"o8,% Oerso, >>(, p. >F'-

7hat :a#ls 3s vie# of the #ellFor"ere" society eliminates is the "emocratic struggleamong Wa"versaries3, that is, those #ho share the allegiance to the liberalF"emocratic principles, but #hile "efen"ing "i0erent interpretations of #hat libertyan" e1uality shoul" mean an" to #hich kin" of social relations an" institutions theyshoul" apply. This is #hy in his Wliberal utopia3 legitimate "issent #oul" have beenera"icate" from the public sphere. Ho# has he been le" to "efen" such a positionY7hy "oesn3t his conception of "emocracy leave any space for the agonisticconfrontation among conteste" interpretations of the share" liberalF"emocraticprinciplesY The ans#er lies, I believe, in his a#e" conception of politics, #hich isre"uce" to a mere activity of allocating among competing interests susceptible to arational solution. This is #hy he thinks that political conicts can be eliminate"thanks to a conception of 4ustice that appeals to in"ivi"uals3 i"ea of rationala"vantage #ithin the constraints establishe" by the reasonable. ccor"ing to histheory, citi6ens nee" as free an" e1ual persons the same goo"s because theirconception of the goo" ho#ever "istinct their content Wre1uire for theira"vancement roughly the same primary goo"s, that is, the same basic rights,liberties, an" opportunities, an" the same allFpurpose means such as income an"#ealth, #ith all of these supporte" by the same social bases of selfFrespect3. ''

Therefore, once the 4ust ans#er to the problem of "istribution of these primarygoo"s has been foun", the rivalry that previously e8iste" in the political "omain

"isappears. :a#ls3s scenario presupposes that political actors are only "riven by#hat they see as their rational selfFa"vantage. =assions are erase" from the realmof politics, #hich is re"uce" to a neutral /el" of competing interests. Completelymissing from such an approach is Wthe political3 in its "imension of po#er,antagonism an" relationships of forces. 7hat Wpolitical liberalism3 is at pains toeliminate is the element of Wun"eci"ability3 #hich is present in human relations. Ito0ers us a picture of the #ellFor"ere" society as one from #hich through rationalagreement on 4ustice antagonism , violence, po#er an" repression have"isappeare". Gut it is only because they have been ma"e invisible through a cleverstratagem+ the "istinction bet#een Wsimple3 an" Wreasonable pluralism3. In that #ay,e8clusions can be "enie" by "eclaring that they are the pro"uct of the Wfree e8ercise

of practical reason3 that establishes the limits of possible consensus. 7hen a pointof vie# is e8clu"e" it is because this is re1uire" by the e8ercise of reason5 thereforethe frontiers bet#een #hat is legitimate an" #hat is not legitimate appear asin"epen"ent of po#er relations. Thanks to this leger"emain, rationality an" moralityprovi"e the key to solving the Wpara"o8 of liberalism3+ ho# to eliminate itsa"versaries #hile remaining neutral. las, it is not enough to eliminate the politicalin its "imension of antagonism an" e8clusion from one3s theory to make it vanishfrom the real #orl". It "oes come back, an" #ith a vengeance. Mnce the liberal


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approach has create" a frame#ork in #hich its "ynamics cannot be graspe", an"#here the institutions an" the "iscourses are missing that coul" permit thatpotential antagonisms manifest themselves un"er an agonistic mo"e, the "angere8ists that instea" of a struggle among a"versaries, #hat #ill take place is a #aramong enemies. This is #hy, far from being con"ucive to a more reconcile" society,this type of approach en"s up by 4eopar"i6ing "emocracy.


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1o uq*ur understanding of the $ord “esolved” in the resolution is

that it ought to be rendered problematic& rethought& entered

into con=ict your model of debate is already shitty , no uq for

;undberg:ester& 24H" This is a note poste" to the CE !orums. The note is from 2ikeHester, an e8tremely successful an" inuential policy "ebate coach at University of7est Leorgia. I have ha" a lot of respect for him through the years. Flfre" Sni"er,e"itor ;ovember , >', >'+*+> 2.http+??###.ce"a"ebate.org?forum?in"e8.php?topic,AP>*.msg''(*P.htmlZmsg''(*P

To #hom it may concern,CEF;T ebate is a hot mess right no#. There are so many things #rong, it cansometimes seem like theyre all relate". 2aybe they are &reference HomerSimpsons [one big ball of lies[ e8planation to 2arge-, but a "elineation may stillprovi"e some gui"ance as to #hat #e can change, #hat #e may have to accept,

an" #here &if any#here- #e may go from here...the foundation

7e no longer have one , an" havent for more than t#o "eca"es. !e#er an" fe#er"ebate coaches are communication scholars, #hich is /ne because Comm unicationepartments "ont consi"er us anything more than the bastar" cousins #ho sho#up at the family reunion pissF"runk an" "eman"ing more potato sala" . Mur activitylong ago &P> yearsY- lost any resemblance to a public speaking event attractingoutsi"e au"iences. The problem is #e vacate" that aca"emic space #ithout beingable to /n" a home any#here else. espite the pious assumptions of some #ith[policy[ in min", $e are not a legit imate IresearchI community of scholars"

The [ portable skills[ #e currently engrain in our stu"ents via practice are+ all

sources are e1uivalent, no nee" for 1ual i/cations 5 [ 1uoting[ a source simply meansun"erlining ;N #or"s foun" ;N7HE:E in the "ocument, conte8t an" intent areirrelevant5 an" #e are the only group outsi"e of !au8 ;e#s that believes onesargument is improve" by taking every point of logic to its most absur" e8treme.Simply put, (( .( \ of the speech "ocs pro"uce" in "ebates #oul" receive no betterthan a C &more likely ! - in any upper "ivision un"ergra"uate researchFbase" class.Comically, #e are the public speaking research activity that is atrocious at oralpersuasion an" #oefully in violation of any stan"ar" research practices. Gut thisletter is not inten"e" to bury ebate, even though its har" to praise it in its currentstate. Gefore any peace treaty en"ing the =ara"igm 7ars can be signe" an" rati/e",an honest appraisal of #here ebate /ts in the ca"emy is necessary.


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2AC Standards ?enericAlternative forms of debate still solve their standards

Steinberg and 6reeley 2J &ustin 4. !reeley,


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2AC 6airness6airness is used by those in po$er to maintain it only our

form of debate leads to real change

Belgado D2&


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2AC .redictability;oss of predictability forces bricolage and improvisationnet

better for critical thin-ing and proves that there3s al$ays

ground for debate

FcBaniel 2H &:euben, Chair in Health Care 2anagement at UTFustin5 he#rote the article #ith 2ichelle E. Jor"anFustin Elementary School Teacher5 Grigitte!. !leemanF:esearch ssociate in E"ucational =sychology at UTFustin. $Surprise,Surprise, Surprise] Comple8ity Science Oie# of the Une8pecte"% Health Care2anagement :evie#-

Gricolage an" improvisation are strategies for recon/guring information an"resources to create ne# opportunities. Gricolage@',@ is the ability to WWcreate#hat is nee"e" at the moment out of #hatever materials are at han".33@&p.(>-eveloping skills at bricolage allo#s organi6ations to create or"er out of chaos by"ra#ing together i"eas or available materials in uni1ue #ays to accomplish atask. Improvisation is WWmaking it up as you go along.33 T#o or more i"eas combinetogether5 a ne# an" une8pecte" i"ea emerges from a conversation bet#een theol" i"eas. To be a bricoleur or improviser re1uires kno#ing e8isting situationsintimately &paying attention to the present- so that ne# #ays for "ealing #ith anemerging reality can be invente".,@ It re1uires creativity, a #illingness toe8periment, an" un"erstan"ing your tools. The key is to learn #hile in the mi""leof the action5 to think your #ay out #hile acting, an" to act your #ay out #hilethinking.),@P n organi6ation is an e8periment in progress, not something at theen". It is not something you have5 it is something you are getting. 7e3re al#aysin the process of /n"ing out #hat #orks an" #hat "oesn3t #ork.


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2AC Becisionma-inghe counterinterp accesses their decisionma-ing impact

ethics are -eythis is their author

Steinberg and 6reeley 2J &ustin 4. !reeley, an" avi" < Steinberg,

Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision aking, p.'@F'*-

In a""ition to making #ellFreasone" "ecisions, it is important to make "ecisions thatare ethical . The conse1uences of a failure to consi"er ethical constructs #henmaking "ecisions range from business failures &E;:M;- to incarceration &Scooter


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2AC Bialoguehey can3t access dialoguecompetition necessarily distorts

deliberation and limits arguments above proves they don3t

access inclusiveness

;ovbrand and 7han 24 &Eva, , p. 'A-. Hence, communicative rationality re1uires that social interaction isfree from "omination, manipulation an" strategic behaviour .


25/26

2AC Clash0e access their forms of debatecreative interpretation of the

topic still creates clash

Steinberg and 6reeley 2J &ustin 4. !reeley,


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2AC , ;undberg*ur understanding of the $ord “esolved” in the resolution is

that it ought to be rendered problematic& rethought& entered

into con=ict your model of debate is already shitty , no uq for

;undberg:ester& 24H" This is a note poste" to the CE !orums. The note is from 2ikeHester, an e8tremely successful an" inuential policy "ebate coach at University of7est Leorgia. I have ha" a lot of respect for him through the years. Flfre" Sni"er,e"itor ;ovember , >', >'+*+> 2.http+??###.ce"a"ebate.org?forum?in"e8.php?topic,AP>*.msg''(*P.htmlZmsg''(*P

To #hom it may concern,CEF;T ebate is a hot mess right no#. There are so many things #rong, it cansometimes seem like theyre all relate". 2aybe they are &reference HomerSimpsons [one big ball of lies[ e8planation to 2arge-, but a "elineation may stillprovi"e some gui"ance as to #hat #e can change, #hat #e may have to accept,

an" #here &if any#here- #e may go from here...the foundation

7e no longer have one , an" havent for more than t#o "eca"es. !e#er an" fe#er"ebate coaches are communication scholars, #hich is /ne because Comm unicationepartments "ont consi"er us anything more than the bastar" cousins #ho sho#up at the family reunion pissF"runk an" "eman"ing more potato sala" . Mur activitylong ago &P> yearsY- lost any resemblance to a public speaking event attractingoutsi"e au"iences. The problem is #e vacate" that aca"emic space #ithout beingable to /n" a home any#here else. espite the pious assumptions of some #ith[policy[ in min", $e are not a legit imate IresearchI community of scholars"

The [ portable skills[ #e currently engrain in our stu"ents via practice are+ all

sources are e1uivalent, no nee" for 1ual i/cations 5 [ 1uoting[ a source simply meansun"erlining ;N #or"s foun" ;N7HE:E in the "ocument, conte8t an" intent areirrelevant5 an" #e are the only group outsi"e of !au8 ;e#s that believes onesargument is improve" by taking every point of logic to its most absur" e8treme.Simply put, (( .( \ of the speech "ocs pro"uce" in "ebates #oul" receive no betterthan a C &more likely ! - in any upper "ivision un"ergra"uate researchFbase" class.Comically, #e are the public speaking research activity that is atrocious at oralpersuasion an" #oefully in violation of any stan"ar" research practices. Gut thisletter is not inten"e" to bury ebate, even though its har" to praise it in its currentstate. Gefore any peace treaty en"ing the =ara"igm 7ars can be signe" an" rati/e",an honest appraisal of #here ebate /ts in the ca"emy is necessary.

2ac speech document

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