字首(prefixes) - dxes.tc.edu.t · 字首(prefixes) prefixes example amateur...

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字首(Prefixes) Prefixes Example amateur 不熟練的,業餘的 anonymous 匿名的 asocial 不好社交的 anechoic 消聲的 anharmonic 不和諧的 anarchism 無政府主義 a-/an- == no;without;lack acentric 無中心的 amoral 非道德性的 asexual 無性別的 asleep 在熟睡中 ahead 向前,在前頭 abreast 肩並肩地 a- == in;on;at;by;with;to aside 在一邊 abed 在床上 abloom 開花 aloud 高聲地 aright 正確地 awake 喚醒 a-/an- == 加強意義 aweary 疲倦的 annotate 注釋 announce 宣佈,通告 abnormal 不正常的 abroad 國外的 abuse 濫用 ab- == from;away from absorb 吸去 abaxial 離開軸心的 abend 異常終止 accustom 使習慣 account 計算,算帳 accredit 信任 ac- == at;to,或表示加強意義 accompany 陪伴 acclaim 歡呼,喝彩 accomplish 完成 advice 建議 advocate 倡導 adjoin 臨近 ad- == to;toward;forward adjust 調整 admixture 混雜 adventure 冒險 af- == at;to,或表示加強意義 affright 震驚,恐懼 affix 附加,貼上 affirm 肯定,確實 ag- == at;to,或表示加強意義 aggrandize 增大 aggravate 加重 aggrieve 使悲痛 amphi- == 兩、雙 amphicar 水陸兩用車 amphibian 水陸兩栖的 amphitheatre 兩邊都可觀 看的劇場,圓形劇場 antecedent 先前的,先行 antetype 先型,原型 anteport 前港,外港 ante- == before anteroom 前室,接待室 antedate 比實際早的 日期 antestomach 前胃 antipathy 反感 antifreeze 防凍 antiwar 反戰的 anti- == against anti-imperlialist 反帝的 antiageing 防衰老的 antitank 反坦克 ap- == 加強或引伸意義 appoint 指定,任命 appraise 評價 appease 平息,綏靖 ap-/apo- == 離開 apogee 遠地點(遠離地球 之處) apostasy 脫黨,叛教 aphelion (天文)遠日點 ar- == at;to,或表示加強及引伸意義 arrange 安排,佈置 arrect 直立的 arrear 在後,拖延 arch- == 1)big;chief. 2)ancient archbishop 大主教 archaeology 考古學 archaic 古體的,古風的 assign 派出 assent 同意 assort 分類 as == to;forward assimilate 同化,吸收 assure 使確信,擔保 associate 聯合,結合 at- == at;to,或表示加強及引伸意義 attrap 使入陷阱 attest 證明 attract 吸引 automation 自動化 autograph 親筆 autoalarm 自動報警器 auto- == self;personally autocriticism 自我批評 autorotation 自動旋轉 autobiography 自傳 befog 使迷糊 befit 適宜 belittle 貶低 be- == make or cause to be befriend 以朋友相待 becalm 使鎮靜 befool 欺騙,愚弄 be- == 加以...,飾以...,...(做某事) bepowder ...上撒粉 bejewel 飾以珠寶 becloud 遮蔽 be- == beside ...below ...下面 before ...之前

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  • (Prefixes)

    Prefixes Example

    amateur , anonymous asocial

    anechoic anharmonic anarchism

    a-/an- == no;without;lack

    acentric amoral asexual

    asleep ahead abreast a- == in;on;at;by;with;to

    aside abed abloom

    aloud aright awake a-/an- ==

    aweary annotate announce

    abnormal abroad abuse ab- == from;away from

    absorb abaxial abend

    accustom account accredit ac- == at;to,

    accompany acclaim accomplish

    advice advocate adjoin ad- == to;toward;forward

    adjust admixture adventure

    af- == at;to, affright affix affirm

    ag- == at;to, aggrandize aggravate aggrieve

    amphi- == amphicar amphibian amphitheatre

    antecedent

    antetype anteport ante- == before

    anteroom antedate

    antestomach

    antipathy antifreeze antiwar anti- == against

    anti-imperlialist antiageing antitank

    ap- == appoint appraise appease

    ap-/apo- == apogee (

    )

    apostasy aphelion ()

    ar- == at;to, arrange arrect arrear

    arch- == 1)big;chief. 2)ancient archbishop archaeology archaic

    assign assent assort as == to;forward

    assimilate assure associate

    at- == at;to, attrap attest attract

    automation autograph autoalarm auto- == self;personally

    autocriticism autorotation autobiography

    befog befit belittle be- == make or cause to be

    befriend becalm befool

    be- == ...,...,...() bepowder ... bejewel becloud

    be- == beside ... below ... before ...

  • be- == befall bespatter belaud

    benign benevolent

    benefit bene- == well;good

    benediction benefaction beneficent

    bicycle bilateral bimonthly bi- == two

    biweekly bicolor bilingual

    by- == byroad bywork byname

    circulate circumnavigate

    circumspect circu- == around

    circumplanetary

    circumpolar

    circumaviate

    co- == together coaction cooperate coeducation

    col- == together collaboration collingual

    collocate

    com- == together compatriot combine commiserate

    com- == commove compress commemorate

    con- == together concolorous connatural contemporary

    con- == conclude confirm consolidate

    contradiction controversial

    contraclockwise

    contra- == against

    contra-missile

    contraposition

    contraband ,

    cor- == together correlation corradiate ()

    correspond ,

    cor- == correct corrupt corrugate

    counterrevolutionary

    countermeasure

    countercurrent counter- == opposite

    countermarch counterattack

    countercharge

    de- == down from deplane dethrone derail ()

    de- == depress depopulation devalue

    de- == ...,..., delimit denude depicture

    de- == not denationalize demilitarize

    demobilize

    de- == desalt deforest decontrol

    dec(a)- == ten decade decimal decathlon

    deci- == decigram decimeter decilitre

    demi- == demigod demi-fixed demiwolf

    di- == diatomic disyllable dichromatic

    dia- == through;between;across diameter dialogue diagnosis

  • dif- == 1)apart. 2)not;opposite diffluence diffident diffuse

    dislike disagree discontinue

    disorder disbelieve disproof

    dishonest dispraise disappear

    dis- ==

    disremember discomfort disability

    disorganize disroot discourage

    disrobe disarm dishearten

    dis- ==

    disburden discolor dismember

    dis- ==

    dispart dissever dissemination

    dissect dissolve distract dis- ==

    dispense dispel dissipate

    dis- == di-, dispirit divorce digress

    dysfunction ()

    dysphonia dyspepsia dys- ==

    dyspathy dysgenesis

    dysopsy

    evaluate elongate estop e- ==

    estrange evanish elaborate

    eject emigrate elect e- ==

    emerge erupt evade

    ef- == effluence effable effoliation

    embay () embus embosom em- == ......

    emplane embed embog

    em- == ......... embalm (

    )

    embank embar

    embow empower

    empurple em- == ...

    ......

    embody embitter embrown

    eco- == ecological ecosphere ecosystem ecocide

    entrain encage encase

    enplane encave enroll

    en- == ........

    enthrone enshrine enfold

    enable endanger enlighten en- == make or cause to be,

    ......... enlarge enrich enslave

    en- == "..."...... enchain enlace entrap

    enclose entrust enforce en- == in,

    enkindle enwrap enhearten

    endo- == endoparasite endogamy () endogen

  • eugenica eulogize emphemism eu- == good;well;easy

    euphonic eupepsia euthenics

    exclusive ... expose emit

    export exclude excavate

    ex- == out;out of

    exit extract exhume

    ex-president ex-Nazis ex-mayor ex- ==

    ex-chancellor

    ex-premier ex-wife

    ex- == expurgate exalt excruciate

    exo- == exobiology exogamy exosphere

    extrapolitical

    extraofficial

    extracurriculum

    extraordinary extra-special

    extralegal

    extra- ==

    extraprofessional

    extrasolar

    extraessential

    forehead forecast foreword

    foretell foresee foreword

    forearm foreknow foretime

    fore- == ahead

    foreground forefather forerun

    hecto- == hectogram hectowatt hectoampere

    hemi- hemisphere hemicycle hemicrania

    hepta- == ( hept-) heptagon heptode heptahedron

    hetero- == heteropolar heterosexual heterodoxy

    hexa- == ( hex-) hexagon hexode hexameter

    hologram holography

    holophone

    holo- ==

    holocrystalline holohedron holophote

    homosexual homograph

    homotype

    homopolar homophone

    homocentric

    homo- == of the same

    homothermic homogeneous homostasis

    hypercritical hypertension hypersensitive

    hypermilitant hyperslow hypersuspicious

    hypersexual hyperverbal

    hyperactive

    hyper- == above;excessive;too much

    hypersonic hyperacid hypercorrection

  • hyposensitize ...

    hypodermic hypoglossal hypo- ==

    hypothermia hypotension hypochlorite

    illegal illogical illiterate il- == ( l )

    illimitable illocal

    illiberal

    il- == ( l ) illustrate illuminate

    immigrate inspect ingress

    import imprison imbibe

    im- == ( b,p,m )into

    immission

    immerge

    impossible immemorial

    imperfect

    impolite immoral impassive

    im- == ( b,p,m )

    impure impersonal imbalance

    impulse immanacle impel im- == ( b,p,m )

    ......... imbrute imperil

    impearl

    inglorious

    incapable incorrect

    incomparable incomplete insensible

    in- ==

    inhuman

    injustice informal

    inside inbreak indoor

    intake

    inland inbreathe

    in- ==

    inject inrush

    inspirit inflame intrench

    in- == ......

    intone invigorate ingraft

    infrared infrastructure

    infrasonic infra- == below

    infrahuman

    infrasound

    infraorbital

    intercontinental interlay international

    interline

    interoceanic intergroup

    inter- == ......

    intercity interject interpersonal

  • interchange interview interact

    interweave interdependence

    intermix

    inter- ==

    intercourse interconnect

    intermarry

    intraparty intrapersonal intracity

    intraregional intraday intracompany

    intra- ==

    intracollegiate intra-trading intracloud

    introduce introspect introverted intro- == within

    introflection intromit introvision

    irregular irresistible irremovable ir- == ( r )

    irrelative irrational

    irresolute

    ir- == ( r ) irruption irrigate

    iso- == isogen isotope isotherm

    kilo- == one thousand kilogram kilometer kiloton

    macroworld macroclimate macroscale macro- == big

    macrocosm macrochange macrobian ()

    maltreat malnutrition malministration

    malcontent malpractice

    malformation

    mal- == wrong

    malfunction

    malodour malediction

    meta- == metaphysical

    metaculture metamaterialist

    meta- == metamorphosis

    metagenesis metachromatism

    microscope microprocessor

    microcomputer

    microbiology microelement

    microworld

    micro- == small

    microskirt microwave microprint

    milli- == one thousandth milliohm millimeter millilitre

    milli- == thousand millipede milliennial millifold

    mini- == small ministate minicrisis miniskirt

    misuse mistake misfortune

    misspell misdoing misunderstand

    mis- == wrong;wrongly;unfavorable

    misrule () misstep mispolicy

    mono- == one;alone monarch monotonous monodrama

  • multinational multilateral multiparty multi- == many

    multi-purpose

    multilingual

    multiracial

    neorealism neonatal

    neogamist neo- ==

    neolithic neofascism

    neoimpressionism

    nonfiction

    nonhuman nonperiodic non- ==

    nonmetal nonage nonwhite

    nonsmoker nonaligned nonaggression

    non- ==

    nonexistent nonstop noncooperation

    noneffective nonpayment nonparty non- ==

    nonsexual nonelastic nonreader

    octagon octosyllable

    ()

    octolateral octa- == ( octo- oct)

    October (

    )

    octocentenary

    octachord

    omnipresent omnipotent omniform omni- ==

    omnibus

    omniparity omniscient

    outburst outlet outdoor

    out-party outwork outtell

    out- ==

    outflow outbreak outrush

    outdo outrun ...

    outdistance (

    )

    outgo ... ourbrave outlive ......

    out- ==

    outact outeat ... outnumber

    out- == outsize outsit outwear

    out- == outroot outlaw outgas ...

    overstudy overwork overload

    overtalk overpraise overuse

    over- ==

    overdrink overproduction

    overpay

    overbridge oversea

    overcoat over- ==

    overleap overshoe overlook

    over- == overturn overthrow overset

  • paleo- == paleozoology Paleolithic

    paleoclimate

    Pan-American pancosmism pantropical pan- ==

    pantheism pansophic panchromatic

    para-party paramilitary para-book

    para- ==

    para-institution

    parastatal

    para-government

    para- == paralanguage paraprofessional

    paratyphoid

    para- == parasite paracentral

    parabiosphere

    para- == parachronism

    paralogism paradox

    para- == parabomb paradrop parapack

    pen- == almost ( pene-) peninsula penultimate

    peneplain

    penta- == five the Pentagon (

    )

    pentathlon pentangular

    perspective perennial

    pernocation per- ==

    permanent pervade perambulate

    perplex permute perturb per- ==

    perfervid percussion

    persuade

    per- == peroxide peracid permanganate

    pericentral periphrasis

    perilune peri- ==

    perimeter periderm () pericarp

    poly- == polyclinic

    polyfunctional

    polydirectional

    postthumous

    postpone postscript post- == after

    postwar postgraduate

    postmeridian

    prewar prelude premature

    prehistory preposition preschool

    pre- ==

    precondition predeparture preteen 13

  • prefix predawn prehuman

    preexamination prepay prebuilt pre- ==

    preheat prechoose predetermine

    progress prospect prologue

    prolong protrude project

    pro- ==

    promote propel protraction

    pro- == pronoun procurator prolocutor

    pro- == pro-British pro-Bolshevik

    proslavery

    proto- == protohuman prototype protogenic

    pseudoscience pseudo-democratic

    pseudonym pseudo- == false( pseud-)

    pseudomyopia pseudology pseudography

    quadri- == four( quadru-,

    quadr-)

    quadruple quadrilateral quadrennial

    quasi- == partly;seemingly;not real quasihistorical

    quasi-official

    quasi-public

    quinque- == ( quinqu-) quinquangular quinquennial quinquesection

    retreat

    return recollect

    recall reflect retract

    re- ==

    regress reclaim

    rebound

    reprint reproduction

    rearm

    rebuilt rebirth

    reexamination

    re- ==

    remarry restart reconsider

    reaction reverse resist re- ==

    revolt rebel () resent

    retro- == back;backward;behind retrograde retrospect retrogress

    seduce select seclude se- ==

    segregate secede secern

    semifinal semiliterate semiconductor semi- == half

    semiofficial semimonthly semi-colony

    sept- == ( septi- septem-) septangle septennial septempartite

    sex- == ( sexi-) sexangle sexcentenary sexdigitism

    Sino-American Sinomania Sinology Sino- ==

    Sinophile () Sinophobe Sino-Tibetan

  • ()

    step- == stepfather stepchild

    stepbrother ()

    stereo- == stereosonic stereograph stereoproject

    subway substandard

    sub-zero sub- ==

    submarine

    subnormal subsoil

    subcontinent subcollege

    subsonic sub- ==

    subtropics subfamily () subatomic

    subacid subacute subangular sub- ==

    subconical subarid subsylindrical

    subhead subworker subbranch

    subcommittee

    subofficer subarea

    sub- ==

    subdepartment subeditor suboffice

    subcentral subequal subadult sub- ==

    subteen

    subarctic subequatorial

    sub- == subdivide sublet subculture

    sub- ==

    suboxide subcarbide subchloride

    superspeed superconductivity supersonic

    supersized supersecrecy superpower

    super- ==

    supernatural superman superprofit

    superstructure supervise superimpose super- ==

    superstratum superaqueous superterrene

    superexitation superheat supercharge super- ==

    supercool supersensitive supernutrition

    supra- == suprarenal supramundane

    supranational

    surface surrealism surpass

    surcoat surmount ... surtax

    sur- ==

    surprint ... surround surplus

    sym- == sympathy symphony symmetry

    synactic synonym synchronize syn- ==

    synchronous syntony synthesis

    tetra- == ( tetr) tetracycline tetrode tetragon

  • transnational transcontinental

    transnormal trans- ==

    transpersonal transmarine

    transfrontier

    transform ... transvest

    transposition

    transcode transmigrate transplant

    trans- ==

    transship () transport translate

    tri- == three tripod triangle () trilogy

    twi- == twiformed twifold twiforked

    ultrasonic ultrared ultramodern ultra- ==

    ultramarine ultra-violet ultramontane

    ultra- == ultra-democracy ultrapure ultra-left

    unbind unlock unpack un- ==

    undo unbutton uncap

    unreal uncomfortable

    unclear un- ==

    unfriendly unwelcome

    unfortunate

    uncondictional unmanned unambitious un- ==

    unfathered unbodied unaccented

    un- == unjust unofficial unartificial

    un- == uncorrected undecided uncivilized

    untomb unearth unhouse un- == ...

    unbosom uncage uncase

    underworld

    underfoot

    underline under- ==

    underside underlay underwrite ...

    underclothing underthings

    underskirt under- == ()

    undervest underpants underwear ()

    underproduction

    underpay underestimate under- ==

    undermanned underdress underfed

    under- == underagent underking undersecretary

    uni- == one unilateral unify uniform

  • vice- == vice-chairman vice-govrernor vice-consul

    with- == withdraw withstand withhold

  • (Stem)

    acu == sharp acute acumem acupuncture

    alti == high altitude altimeter exalt

    ambula == walk ambulance ambulant ambulate

    ann == year anniversary annual annals

    anthro == man anthropoid anthropology anthroposociology

    arch == ruler monarch anarchism patriarch

    aster/astr == star astrology astronomy asterisk

    audi == hearing audience audible audiphone

    auto == self automation autobiography autosuggestion

    bio == life biology biography biocide

    brevi == short brief brevity abbreviate

    capit == head capital decapitate capitation

    ced == go;move recede unprecedented precede

    cess == go;move access process

    chron == time chronology chronic synchronal

    cide == kill;cut suicide insecticide bactericide

    confid == trust confidential confide ()

    cord == heart accordance concord discord

    cred == trust;belief credit incredible credulous

    cur == run;move current excurse incursion

    cycl == circle;wheel bicycle tricycle hemicycle

    dic/dict == say;speak indicate dictate diction

    domin == rule;control dominate indomitable

    duce/duct == lead;take introduce induce conduct

    equ == same;equal equality equivalence equator

    faci == easy facile facilitate ...

    fact == make;do manufacture factory benefactor

    fer == carry;bring ferry transfer interfere

    fin == end;limit finalize ... infinite define

    flect/flex == bend reflect flexible reflexctor

    flu == flow influence fluent fluid

  • form == shape reform conform

    frag == break fragile fragment fracture

    gen == produce generate genetics genesis

    geo == land;earth geology geometry geocide

    grad == go;step graduate gradual degrade

    graph/gram == write;writing telegraph program diagram

    grate/grati == thanks grateful gratitude

    grav == heavy;serious gravity grave gravimeter

    gress == go;walk progress aggressive congress

    herb == grass herbal herby

    humid == wet humidity humidify

    hydr == water;liquid hydroelectric hydroplane hydrospace

    ject == throw eject inject reject

    juven == young juvenile rejuvenate () juvenilia

    just/jur == just justify jurist jury

    labor == work laborious collaborate

    later == side;party bilateral unilateral equilateral

    leg == law legislate illegitimate legislature

    literat == letter literature illiterate semiliterate

    loc == place location allocate localism

    lumi == light;bright illuminate illuminance luminary

    magni == big;great magnificent magnify magnitude

    man(u) == hand manufacture manage manuscript

    mar == sea submarine maritime mariner

    meter/metri == measure thermemeter altimeter

    mit/miss == send emit vomit transmission

    mort == death mortal immortal postmortem

    nomin == name nominal nominate innominate

    nounce == proclaim pronounce denounce

    ortho == straight;correct orthodox orthopaedy

    pater/patr == father paternal patriarch () patricide

    pathy == feeling sympathy antipathy empathy

    ped == foot pedestrain expedition () pedal

  • pel/pulse == push;drive expel impulse dispel

    pend/pens == use up;hang expense expenditure suspend

    phon == sound headphone symphony microphone

    plic = fold duplicate complication

    implicit

    port == carry porter export passport

    pose == put;place propose dispose expose

    prim == initial;first primary primitive prime

    psych == mind psychology psychoanalysis

    punct == point punctuate acupuncture punctual

    rupt == break corruption interrupt bankrupt

    scop == see;look at microscopic macroscopic

    scope == instrument for observing microscope telescope

    scribe/script == write;writing;look

    at describe prescription

    sequ == follow consequence sequence sequel

    sens/sent == sense;feeling sentimental sensitivity consent

    simil == like similarity simile similar

    sol == alone sole solitary soliloquy

    soph == wise philosopher sophisticated pansophic

    spec(t) == see;look at inspect expect retrospect

    suspect prospect respect

    spir == breathe respiration perspire expire

    struct == build constructive superstructure destruction

    stup == be motionless stupid stupefy stupor

    sum == use up;take consumption assume resume

    tain == hold maintain attain abstain

    the(o) == god theology theist atheism

    thermo == heat thermometer thermonuclear thermos

    tract == draw tractor attract distract

    vent == come advent convention contravention

    verb == word verbal hyperverbal

    vert/vers == turn convert version subvert

  • vid/vis == see vision invisible visibility

    viv == life vivid revive survive

    voc/vok == call;voice evoke advocate vocalist

    volv == roll revolver revolution evolve

  • (Suffixes)

    -able. a. == inclined to be;likely to be done acceptable readable () adaptable

    -age. n. == the action,result or state of shortage reportage parentage

    -al. n. == the action of,the person of refusal proposal approval

    criminal rival arrival

    -al. a. == inclined to be;connected with;pertaining to colonial natural political

    -ed.[] == 1)filled with;having the

    characteristics of. 2)done by

    spirited(heated) argument

    honeyed word distracted

    -ee. n. == one who receives testee trainee

    payee

    -er/-ar/-ur/-eer/-ier. n. == doer;device for fighter radar pioneer

    -ic/ical. a. == relating to;resembling scenic geometric geographical

    -ess/ine. n. == female actress heroine mayoress

    -ful. a. == full of handful mouthful cupful

    -fy. v. == make;reinforce intensify purify clarify

    -hood. n. == condition;state childhood brotherhood bachelorhood

    -ile. a. == likely to be hostile fragile versatile

    -ility. n. == quality of feasibility servility mobility

    -ing. a. == having the quality of disturbing surprising encouraging

    -ion/ation. n. == action of;process of indication relaxation perfection

    -ish. a. == having the quality of childish bookish devilish

    -ism. n. == doctrine;belief capitalism adventurism opportunism

    -ist. n. == 1)believer in. 2)expert of romanticist economist nationalist

    -istic. a. == full of realistic artistic humanistic

    -ive. a. == inclined to;having the quality of instructive offensive constructive

    -ize. v. == make or cause to become realize organize popularize

    finalize ... economize industrialize

    -less. a. == without jobless tireless countless

    -let. n. == little booklet townlet houselet

    -like. a. == having the quality of childlike warlike businesslike

    -logy/-ology. n. == study of sociology ecology methodology

    -ment. n. == 1)result of. 2)agency of. 3)state of improvement government disappointment

  • -ness. n. == condition or quality of being eagerness carelessness emptiness

    -ous/-ious. a. having the quality of famous advantageous

    mysterious

    -ship. n. == state of friendship partnership fellowship

    -some. a. == full of burdensome troublesome laboursome

    -ty. n. == condition of being security safety loyalty

    -ure. n. == 1)act or fact of. 2)result of being culture failure closure

    -y. a. == full of clumsy tricky hairy