final technical report baru

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Table of Contents 1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................... 2

1.1 GENERAL IDEA OF SPECIAL AREA PLAN .......................................... 2

1.2 IMPORTANCE OF SPECIAL AREA PLAN IN STUDY AREA .................. 2

1.3 PURPOSES OF TECHNICAL REPORT ................................................. 2

1.4 ISSUES AND CONSTRAINTS ............................................................. 2

1.5 MISSION, OBJECTIVES AND VISION ................................................. 3

2.0 SITE PROFILE........................................................................................ 4

2.1 SITE BACKGROUND ......................................................................... 4

2.2 HIERARCHY OF TOWN ..................................................................... 4

2.3 POPULATION DISTRIBUTION ........................................................... 4

2.4 HISTORY OF KUALA KUBU BHARU .................................................. 5

2.4.1 LEGEND BECOMES A PART OF HISTORY ................................... 5

2.4.2 SUPERSTITIONS. ....................................................................... 5

2.4.3 THE AFTERMATH ...................................................................... 5

2.5 LOCATION ........................................................................................ 6

3.0 SECTORAL FOCUS ................................................................................ 7

3.1 LAND USE ........................................................................................ 7

3.1.1 LAND USE DISTRIBUTIONS ....................................................... 9

3.1.2 COMMITED DEVELOPMENT ................................................... 11

3.1.3 LAND OWNERSHIP ................................................................. 12

3.1.4 LAND VALUE ........................................................................... 12

3.1.5 LAND AVAILIBILITY ................................................................. 12

3.2.1 TOTAL POPULATION IN KUALA KUBU BHARU........................ 18

3.2 DEMOGRAPHY & SOCIO-ECONOMY ............................................. 18

3.2.2 GENDER (SEX RATIO) .............................................................. 19

3.2.3 ETHNIC DISTRIBUTION ........................................................... 19

3.2.4 AGE ......................................................................................... 20

3.2.6 DEPENDENCY RATE ................................................................ 21

3.2.7 EMPLOYMENT DISTRIBUTION ................................................ 21

3.2.6 STANDARD LIVING OF COMMUNITY ...................................... 25

3.2.7 SAFETY LEVEL OF COMMUNITY ............................................. 28

3.2.8 EDUCATIONAL LEVEL .............................................................. 30

3.3 HOUSING ....................................................................................... 34

3.3.1 HOUSING DISTRIBUTION AND PATTERN ................................ 35

3.3.2 HOUSING DENSITY .................................................................. 39

3.3.3 HOUSING CONDITION ............................................................ 42

3.3.4 HOUSING PROJECTION ........................................................... 46

3.4.1 COMMERCIAL PATTERNS AND DISTRIBUTION ....................... 50

3.4 COMMERCIAL AND SERVICES ........................................................ 50

3.4.2 CURRENT COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES ...................................... 53

3.4.3 COMMERCIAL’S BUILDING CONDITIONS ................................ 72

3.4.4 PREMISES OWNERSHIP .......................................................... 80

3.4.5 COMMERCIAL PROJECTION .................................................... 89

3.5.1 EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES ....................................................... 90

3.5 PUBLIC FACILITIES .......................................................................... 90

3.5.2 TRAINING INSTITUTIONS ........................................................ 92

3.5.3 ADMINISTRATION ................................................................... 96

3.5.4 RELIGIOUS FACILITIES ............................................................. 99

3.5.5 RECREATIONAL FACILITIES ................................................... 103

3.5.6 CULTURAL FACILITIES ........................................................... 106

3.5.7 HEALTH FACILITIES ............................................................... 108

3.5.8 SAFETY FACILITIES ................................................................ 109

3.5.9 CEMETRIES ........................................................................... 110

3.5.10 TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES ............................................ 111

3.5.11 WELFARE FACILITIES ........................................................... 111

3.5.12 PROJECTION ....................................................................... 115

3.6 INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES ................................................ 120

3.5.1 ELECTRICAL SUPPLY .............................................................. 121

3.5.2 TELECOMMUNICATION ........................................................ 124

3.5.3 DRAINAGE SYSTEM ............................................................... 127

3.5.4 WATER SUPPLY ..................................................................... 132

3.5.5 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT .............................................. 138

3.5.6 SEWERAGE SYSTEM .............................................................. 142

3.7 TRAFFIC &TRANSPORTATION ...................................................... 148

3.7.1 ROAD CIRCULATION ............................................................. 149

3.7.2 ROAD GEOMETRIC AND ROAD CAPACITY ............................ 153

3.7.3 ROAD INTERSECTION ............................................................ 164

3.7.4 TRAFFIC VOLUME.................................................................. 171

3.7.5 TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT ....................................................... 183

3.7.6 PARKING STUDIES ................................................................. 186

3.7.7 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION.................................................... 190

3.7.8 PEDESTRIAN .......................................................................... 195

3.8 URBAN DESIGN AND CONSERVATION ......................................... 199

3.8.1 TOWNSCAPE ELEMENT .................................................. 208

3.8.2 VISUAL QUALITY ............................................................ 215

3.8.3 CONSERVATION BUILDINGS AND AREA IN KUALA KUBU

BHARU ........................................................................................... 238

5.9.1 SOFTSCAPE ELEMENTS ......................................................... 249

3.9 LANDSCAPE AND RECREATION .............................................. 249

5.9.2 HARDSCAPE ELEMENTS ........................................................ 253

5.9.3 RECREATION ......................................................................... 256

3.10 ENVIRONMENT .......................................................................... 263

3.10.1 TOPOGRAPHY AND DRAINAGE PATTERN ........................... 264

3.10.2 LOCAL CLIMATE .................................................................. 268

3.10.3 RIVER WATER QUALITY ....................................................... 270

3.10.4 AIR QUALITY ........................................................................ 273

3.10.5 NOISE LEVEL ........................................................................ 275

3.11 TOURISM.................................................................................... 278

3.11.2 ACCOMMODATION............................................................. 295

3.11.3 PROFILE AND TOURIST ARRIVAL IN KUALA KUBU BHARU .. 297

4.0 CONCLUSION ............................................................................. 306

5.0 GANTT CHART .................................................................................. 307

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 GENERAL IDEA OF SPECIAL AREA PLAN

pecial Area Plan (SAP) is an improvement plan provided

in short periods for the implementation objectives. The

main product of SAP is a Development Action Plan

prepared whether in layout plan form or Management Plan which

supported by specification. SAP also provides proposal of

development programmed which contains phase, cost, and

implementation approach. SAP prepared for the purpose speed up a

plan advancement detailed patterned local and for those areas

having special interest. In ascertaining site selection for SAP

provision should give consideration into two (2) factors namely

regional importance and SAP size of the area. Generally SAP area

size necessarily suitable and easy manage (manageable), subject to

that the authorities need. As guide, proposed RKK's size of the area

which involves development area is not exceeding 100 hectares.

1.2 IMPORTANCE OF SPECIAL AREA PLAN IN STUDY

AREA

Kuala Kubu Bharu Special Area Plan is a document containing an

overall plan for Kuala Kubu Bharu which includes the Proposal

Map and Written Statements supported by the implementation

guidelines meant for special action development and land use.

The importance of Kuala Kubu Bharu Special Area Plan is:

Translate the policies and proposals in the Selangor State

Structure Plan 2020 in a more specific ways in terms of

current and future land use.

Ensure the development strategy and direction of Kuala

Kubu Bharu Special Area Plan corresponds with the

Selangor State Structure Plan 2020.

Provide more specifically the development guidelines based

on the general guidelines proposed by the Selangor State

Structure Plan 2020. Kuala Kubu Bharu Special Area Plan

also provides basic criteria and principles

Provide the foundation in coordinating the development

programmed including the projects which have been

identified in the planning studies and land development by

various government and private entities.

Identify the natural and man-made resources in Kuala Kubu

Bharu which possess environment significance, historical

value and the scenery which ought to be conserved.

Ensuring allocation of social facilities, utilities and

infrastructure are balanced with the present and future

development.

Coming up with and discussing the planning issues and

giving detail proposals to the public. The study ought to

clearly explain the development consequences which will

be in their favor and opportunities that will arise.

1.3 PURPOSES OF TECHNICAL REPORT

Technical report is one of the processes that includes in preparing a

comprehensive Special Area Plan. The purpose is to explain in

details all the information and data regarding Kuala Kubu Bharu

area based on the survey and research. After all the data have been

analyzed, crucial information will be extracted. Thru this process,

the issues and constraints for Kuala Kubu Bharu area can be

recognized and identified. All of these data will become a summary

about the research findings for every aspect such as residential,

commercial and etc which it will draw out the suitable proposal to

tackle all the issues and constraints in Development Proposal

Report. At this stage, general idea of proposal can be identify so

that the more specific plan can be executed in the next stage.

1.4 ISSUES AND CONSTRAINTS

In developing the Kuala Kubu Bharu, the major issue that had been

identified is uncontrolled development which threatening the role

of Kuala Kubu Bharu as heritage of the garden city in Malaysia and

an administrative town of Hulu Selangor. The issue is:

Some green area which is a main element of the garden city

concept had been turning off into permanent physical

building. Uncontrolled development adjacent to the green

belt in the study area can cause the concept of garden city is

gradually disappear from view.

Most of the heritage building such monument and

government agencies building in the study area are not

preserved and conserved as much as it should be.

The government quarters along Jalan Syed Manshor which

was a British officer residence during the time of British

rule in Malaya is left abandoned and covered with

bushes without any conservation activities.

S

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Most of building design of the shop lots in the town

centre of Kuala Kubu Bharu town which is rich with

historical value is not conserved and there is no

standard guideline in controlling the renovation

activities of the building.

1.5 MISSION, OBJECTIVES AND VISION

MISSION

The mission of Kuala Kubu Bharu Technical Report is to improve

the image of Kuala Kubu Bharu as the administrative centre of

District Hulu Selangor in-line with its history as the heritage of

garden city.

VISION

The vision for Special Area Plan of Kuala Kubu Bharu is:

“Rejuvenate the Vintage” means giving a new breath to Kuala

Kubu Bharu town, which in a way to elevate the current status of

Kuala Kubu Bharu town as administrative centre of Hulu Selangor

district in-line with its history as the first garden city in Malaysia.

DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES

The objectives of Kuala Kubu Bharu Special Area Plan are to:

Strengthen the function of Kuala Kubu Bharu as the

administrative centre of Hulu Selangor through effective

and comprehensive physical appearance and public

infrastructure.

Enhance the image of Kuala Kubu Bharu due to its heritage

as the first garden city being implemented in Malaysia.

Improve the traffic condition in Kuala Kubu Bharu to serve

its function as the administrative centre of Hulu Selangor.

Improve the image and the identity of Kuala Kubu Bharu

according to fundamental characteristic due to its history as

the first garden city in Malaysia.

Upgrade the quality of the public transportation services

suitable to its function as the administrative centre of Hulu

Selangor.

Improve socio-economic status and supportive facilities

with consideration of the needs of local residents.

Preserve and conserve the natural resources as well as the

built environment significance on the heritage and natural

environment.

Strengthen Kuala Kubu Bharu as the transit centre for

economy and tourism.

REJUVENATE THE

VINTAGE

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2.0 SITE PROFILE

2.1 SITE BACKGROUND

Kuala Kubu Bharu (KKB) is a rebuilt city after the old town of Kuala Kubu was destroyed in floods that

occurred in 1883 and 1926. KKB has a high historical value based on the city's role in the past as an area

rich in tin mining and the position as gateway to Pahang. As well as the myth of its own, this area is also

the first „Garden City' in Malay Land at that time.

The function of Kuala Kubu Bharu is as an administrative centre as all of the government

building situated in the main town. The KKB still maintain the green physical characteristic. Residential

quarters and a lot of various government institutions remained in the urban character of the area while

still maintaining its heritage. In addition, KKB is also a transit point for visitors heading to Fraser's Hill.

Thus, KKB should be developing with more effectively to exploit its resources as KKB is still a focal

point of local and rural communities. However, natural features shall be preserved in KKB.

2.2 HIERARCHY OF TOWN According to the Selangor Structure Plan of 2020, Kuala Kubu Baru Town has been categorized as the

Sub-Regional Centre which is the third hierarchy in the hierarchy of the Growth Centre and Partial of the

Strategic Development of Selangor after the Country Regional Centre and the State Regional Centre.

From the context of development zone of the existing state, Kuala Kubu Bharu Town is a part of the

„Scenic Development Network‟ Selangor, where from the Networking aspects region. The town is also

known as the centre of secondary transit that connects between Selangor, Fraser Hills and Tanjung

Malim.

2.3 POPULATION DISTRIBUTION The population of people in Kuala Kubu Bharu will increase yearly and the number of population

was estimated in table below.

YEAR

POPULATION

2007 14477

2011 14897

PROJECTION

2020 15866

`

LEGEND

STUDY AREA

Figure 2.2.1: Hierarchy of Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Source: Hulu Selangor District Council (MDHS) Figure 2.3.1: The population distribution.

Source: Hulu Selangor District Council (MDHS)

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2.4 HISTORY OF KUALA KUBU BHARU

2.4.1 LEGEND BECOMES A PART OF HISTORY

On 29/10/1883, major flood has occurred in Selangor River. The floods have caused collapse of Kuala

Kubu dam and submerge the entire weekend Kuala Kubu. This important event recorded in the history

because this flood leads to the existing Kuala Kubu Bharu town. The broken dam is approximately 1.6

kilometres and width exceeding 91.4 meters. It was made using log and land reclaim across Sungai Kubu

which a small river from Sungai Selangor.

Kuala Kubu area can be said as the rain catchment area and it was often rain here. Due to the

heavy rain, the river becomes shallow and illegal logging activities unfortunately contribute to the

erosion of riverside. Not long after, Sungai Selangor can no long hold the amount of water and it

collapse, destroying all old Kuala Kubu town.

The incident has claimed a lot of lives and property. A total of 33, including Cecil Ranking, First

English District Officer and Magistrate in the district were killed. 38 houses washed away and the only

source of economy in that particular area that is tin mines also was badly impact. This tragedy also

known as the “History of Kuala Kubu”

Kuala Kubu opened in the eighteenth century by the Malays and they are the workers of tin

mining activities in that area. The District is also a bastion of resistance between Syed Mashor, Raja

Mahdi against Tengku Kudin in the Selangor Civil War in 1867-1874.

The effort to rebuild Kuala Kubu has been made, and in 1931, the town of Kuala Kubu Bharu has

been developed which remains until now and known as the Hulu Selangor district administrative centre,

replacing Kuala Kubu Old which in the memories.

2.4.2 SUPERSTITIONS.

The residents of Kuala Kubu Bharu remember the tragedy that occurred over a century ago in 1883,

when a much smaller dam across the Selangor River burst and destroyed the entire town. They say the

first District Magistrate and Revenue Collector, Cecil Ranking, tried to kill

the crocodile penunggu (spirit guardian of the river) in defiance of the native superstitions - and within

days a monstrous flash flood smashed the dam and buried Kuala Kubu town under tons of mud. After the

waters subsided, Ranking‟s body was found atop a tree (which gives a graphic idea how high the

floodwaters reached).

2.4.3 THE AFTERMATH

After the tragedy, the British government decided to build a new town near the remains of Kuala Kubu.

The new town was named Kuala Kubu Bharu, with Bharu meaning "new" in the Malay language.

Residential houses have been developed since the 1980s in the previously abandoned old town, or

Ampang Pecah. Most inhabitants are from the nearby new town of Kuala Kubu Bharu. The

redevelopment of Ampang Pecah, the site of the old town, was a natural progression on the organic

growth of the new township of Kuala Kubu Bharu. A monument was built here to commemorate the

Kuala Kubu tragedy.

(Sources: Arkib Negara)

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2.5 LOCATION SELANGOR is one of the 13 states of Malaysia. It is on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia and is

bordered by Perak to the north, Pahang to the east, Negeri Sembilan to the south and the Strait of

Malacca to the west. The study area which is Hulu Selangor, located in the North part of Selangor,

Malaysia.

Kuala Kubu Bharu located in the North part of Selangor in Sub-District of Ampang Pecah under the

Administration of Hulu Selangor District Council. The study area of Kuala Kubu Bharu is approximately

66Km from Kuala Lumpur, 21Km from Tanjung Malim and 10Km from Rawang.

GOMBAK Rawang

KUALA LUMPUR

Figure 2.5.2: The Location Plan of Kuala Kubu

Bharu

LEGEND

Main Road and Highway Site Boundary Rivers

STUDY AREA

Figure 2.5.1: The Key Plan of Kuala Kubu Bharu

Gap

GOMBAK

Serendah

Sg. Choh

Rawang

PAHANG

KUALA

SELANGOR

Bandar Sg

Buaya

Batang

Kali

Rasa

Hulu

Yam

Genting

Highlands

KerlingHULU

SELANGOR

Tanjung

Malim

Bukit

Fraser

Kalumpang

KualaKubu Bharu

LE

BU

HR

AY

A

Jln P

erse

kutu

an

KE IPOH

KE RAUB

KE KUALA LUMPUR

Bukit

Beruntung

Sg. Tengi

Sg. Selangor

PERAK

Kawasan Kajian

• Ulu BernamGap

GOMBAK

Serendah

Sg. Choh

Rawang

PAHANG

KUALA

SELANGOR

Bandar Sg

Buaya

Batang

Kali

Rasa

Hulu

Yam

Genting

Highlands

KerlingHULU

SELANGOR

Tanjung

Malim

Bukit

Fraser

Kalumpang

KualaKubu Bharu

LE

BU

HR

AY

A

Jln P

erse

kutu

an

KE IPOH

KE RAUB

KE KUALA LUMPUR

Bukit

Beruntung

Sg. Tengi

Sg. Selangor

PERAK

Kawasan Kajian

Gap

GOMBAK

Serendah

Sg. Choh

Rawang

PAHANG

KUALA

SELANGOR

Bandar Sg

Buaya

Batang

Kali

Rasa

Hulu

Yam

Genting

Highlands

KerlingHULU

SELANGOR

Tanjung

Malim

Bukit

Fraser

Kalumpang

KualaKubu Bharu

LE

BU

HR

AY

A

Jln P

erse

kutu

an

KE IPOH

KE RAUB

KE KUALA LUMPUR

Bukit

Beruntung

Sg. Tengi

Sg. Selangor

PERAK

Gap

GOMBAK

Serendah

Sg. Choh

Rawang

PAHANG

KUALA

SELANGOR

Bandar Sg

Buaya

Batang

Kali

Rasa

Hulu

Yam

Genting

Highlands

KerlingHULU

SELANGOR

Tanjung

Malim

Bukit

Fraser

Kalumpang

KualaKubu Bharu

LE

BU

HR

AY

A

Jln P

erse

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an

KE IPOH

KE RAUB

KE KUALA LUMPUR

Bukit

Beruntung

Sg. Tengi

Sg. Selangor

PERAK

Kawasan KajianKawasan Kajian

• Ulu Bernam

STUDY AREA

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3.0 SECTORAL FOCUS

3.1 LAND USE

hysical aspect study and land use was conducted to

determine the current state or the changes that occurred

mainly on the pattern of land use in KKB. This research

focuses on the dispersion of land use and land-use group

classification being based on land use was determined to find out

the current pattern of land use in the KKB. The analysis carried out

will be able to determine the ability and preparedness of the land

and help in forming the future strategies of development to address

current issues related to the physical aspects of the KKB. In

addition, the potential areas and the obstacle will also be identified.

Thus, aspects of land use studies are necessary to ensure that each

component of the proposed development of appropriate and timely

with the current situation as well as land use can prevent a host of

problems and conflicts of land use.

Land Use has been concerned with the use of ground space.

The classifications of land uses are; Residential, commercial,

industrial, open space and recreational area, and agriculture. The

existing pattern of land uses also taking a look into the matter of

land ownership, land value, land availability, potential and

constraints, issues and problems related to the land uses as well as

the adjacent land use developments and committed developments

which will bring impact to the study area physically, economically

and socially.

OBJECTIVE

The main objectives of this land use study are to identify;

To identify the existing land use pattern of Kuala Kubu

Bharu study area.

To verify the available land that exists and the potential to

be developed.

SCOPE OF STUDIES

Scope One: Land use Pattern and Distributions.

Land use pattern and distribution are related to the existing

of the land use in terms of the types, acreage and percentage

of the land use and also the intensity of the land use at study

area.

Scope Two: Land Ownership.

Land ownership is related to ownership of the land whether

it belong to government, private land or gazette land and

also the lot title of the land and the owners.

Scope Three: Land Value.

Land value can be estimate based on location and potential

of the site. If the land near to the commercial or near the

town city the value is more expensive than others.

Scope four: Committed Development.

Committed development is a development that still in

progress and also the development that have been proposed

to the site for the future. This committed development

usually covered stage by stage until it complete and it also

take a long period to implement and finish.

Scope five: Land Availability.

Land availability is an empty land that can be used for

development for the future.

METHODOLOGY OF LAND USE SECTOR

The chronology/methodology of how data are going to be present

and analyze can be understood by show.

P Goal

Objective

Scope of studies

STAGE 1

Technical Report Focus

Findings: Primary Data

All the primary data can be

done by fieldwork, observation,

photo and etc.

STAGE 2

Findings: Secondary Data

The secondary data can be

used from the related

department such as MDHS

and local authority.

The data can be shown by

using models such as chart,

table and etc.

STAGE 3

ANALYSIS

Analysis can be done by

interpreting the outcome of

findings.

STAGE 4

8

Note *

Each scale given is measuring two meters. Plan View of Kuala Kubu Bharu Location

Two-Dimensional View (2D)

TOPOGRAPHY PLAN OF KUALA KUBU BHARU

LEGEND

9

GENERAL OVERVIEW OF LAND USE CONTENTS

SCOPE

DATA/FINDINGS

PURPOSE

OUTCOME

ONE

Pattern and distribution: Type, Acreage, and

Percentage of existing land use.

To determine the distributions and pattern of the

land use of Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Recognize the trends of Land Use.

Ensure the compatibility of Land Uses with

other sector.

Optimize the land management.

TWO

Land Ownership

To identify whether the land is under government or

private.

View of tenure and ownership of the land.

THREE

Land Value

To compare KKB‟s current land value by evaluating

current and previous land value of every corner and

parcel.

Comparison and reason of the different land

values.

FOUR

Committed Development

To ensure the township development is focused on

the stated development area.

Determine future development for site study.

FIVE

Land Availability

To verify the available land that exist and it‟s

potential to be developed.

Identified existing surrounding land that can

be developed.

PHYSICAL ANALYSIS OF CURRENT LAND USE

3.1.1 LAND USE DISTRIBUTIONS

I. Topography.

Generally, the physical characteristics of the whole area of

KKB are flat. There is a hilly area with a height of 124 meters

above sea level which is in the area near the commuter station

KKB and the other area of 84 meters at the Government Hill‟s road

and in the northern part of KKB which is at quarters housing area

near the Hulu Selangor District Hospital and the lowest height is 56

meters. Based on the topography, it is not a barrier for this KKB to

receive any form of physical development because the area does

not have steep slope or any physical aspect that require special

planning.

The whole KKB is covering an area of 1463.33 acres of land uses

consists of residential, business and services, industrial,

agricultural, institution and community facilities, open space and

recreation, and road networks. In addition there is also committed

to the development either in the implementation of the project or

has obtained the approval of MDHS. In conclusion, major

component of our study area is conquered by road type of land use

with total acreage and percentage of 342.46 and 23.40%. This

followed by residential with total acreage of 328.61 acres and

percentage of 22.46% and institution and public facilities with the

size of 326.54 acres that is 22.31%; this clearly shows that KKB is

building a stable area for development.

Table 3.1.1: The details of current land use in KKB

NO

CURRENT LAND USE

AREA

(Acres)

PERCENTAGE

(%)

1 Residential 328.61 22.46

2 Commercial & Services 143.97 9.84

3 Industrial 4.21 0.28

4 Agriculture 97.85 6.69

5 Institution & Public

Facilities

326.54 22.31

6 Open Space &

Recreations

28.78 1.97

7 Vacant Land 190.91 13.05

8 Transportation (Road) 342.46 23.40

TOTAL 1463.33 100.00

TOPOGRAPHY PLAN OF KUALA KUBU BHARU

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I. Residential

As the crucial type of land use in every development,

residential cover up of a total of 328.61 acres or 22% or the total

area. From these total acreages, it consists of private housing units

by 1963 (59.41%) and government quarters of 1480 housing units

(40.59%). From the total, it is estimated 70% of housing in poor

condition but still have occupants. Most of the private housing is

located just off the KKB and acceptable condition. The residential

quarters consist of JKR quarters, traffic police, police headquarters,

hospitals, military and teachers. Majority in poor condition but still

occupied and there were some old abandoned quarters in Jalan

Hospital, Jalan Syed Mashor, Rasathurai Road and Traffic Police

quarters in the way of the Government Hill. But the quarters are

very well planned and some of it has its own historical value.

Almost all of them are under the care of Public Works Department

(JKR).

RESIDENTIAL LAND USE

UNITS

PERCENTAGE (%)

Private Housing

2167 59.41

Government

1480 40.59

TOTAL 3647 100.00

II.

III. Agriculture.

There are several agricultural areas in the KKB such

as rubber and various traces of crops such as

banana plantations with the total area 97.85 acre (6.69%). Both

areas are close to the industry and residential areas. This shows

that many residents in the area of agricultural activities although

the location of the agricultural area is quite unfavourable since it is

located at the hilly area and will require high cost to develop it.

IV. Commercials and Services.

The majority of commercials activities and services in KKB

are located in development commercial area, which covers the total

area 143.97 acres (9.84%). Among the types of business are as

retail, food and drinks, markets, food courts and a variety of

services to meet the people need. Besides that there are also

hawkers alongside the main roads. In addition, there are lots of

vacant commercial land with no development and creating an

environment that is not uniform in the commercial.

Examples of commercial at KualaKubu Bharu

In conclusion, the pattern of land use KKB commercial is at

least satisfactory, especially in terms of land use planning which of

the conflicting land use as well as the development of commercial

that is not in order. Industrial land use in the KKB is a wide area

4.21 acre (0.28%), which consists of two lots of land light

industrial activities in Jalan Pahang.

V. Institutions and Community Facilities

Land use for institution and public facilities covers an area

of 326.54 acres (22.31%). The category of institution and public

facilities are educational, religious, heath, government institution,

other public facilities and cemeteries. The land use for educational

purposes covers around 80.4 acres(24.64%)., which in the case

only include secondary schools, primary schools, religious schools

and kindergarten. Religious place like masjid and temple cover an

area of 6.51 acres (2.00%). Hospital and clinic takes up a total area

of 33.57 acres (10.28%) and followed by government institution

which sums of 33.63acres (10.30%).

An institution and community facility in the KKB shows a

well-planned layout. The location of public facilities can be ease

for the people to deal with such as with the government‟s office

and school. Besides that, there are some institutions

that developed away from the other institutions

Table 3.1.2: Institutions and Public facilities current Land Use.

LAND USE

INSTITUTIONS

AND PUBLIC

FACILITIES

NO

AREA

(ACRES)

PERCENTAGE

(%)

Institutions 9 80.4 24.62

Religious 6 6.51 2.00

Health 2 33.57 10.28

Government

Institution

13 33.63 10.30

Others Public

Facilities

2 166.02 50.84

Cemetery 2 6.41 1.96

TOTAL 25 326.54 100.00

In conclusion, the Institutions and Public Facilities play an

important role to the communities of KKB because they basically

fill the basic need of people in KKB.

11

Table 3.1.3: The Schedule shows the numbers of Public Facilities

in KKB.

TYPE OF FACILITIES CURRENT STATUS

Secondary School

3 Schools

Primary School 6 Schools

Hospital District Hospital

No. of staffs: 270 (30 vacancies)

Police Station District Police HQ

Fire Station D Class (1 hall, 3 bay)

For the need of <20,000 people

Based on the table above, the needs of the community

facilities available in the KKB is sufficient. However, there are also

facilities that have yet to meet the standards set requirements, such

as hospitals. In addition, fire and rescue facilities are also found to

be in accordance with the standards set specifications.

VI. Open Space and Recreational.

Open space is any open piece of land that is undeveloped (has

no buildings or other built structures) and is accessible to the

public. Open space provides recreational areas for residents and

helps to enhance the beauty and environmental quality of

neighbourhoods. But with this broad range of recreational sites

comes an equally broad range of environmental issues. Just as in

any other land uses, the way parks are managed can have good or

bad environmental impacts, from pesticide runoff, siltation from

overused hiking and logging trails, and destruction of habitat.

Below are the category of Open Space and Recreational

Available in KKB:

A. Open spaces for landscape and children‟s playground.

B. Open spaces for sports and recreation such as stadiums and

sport complexes.

In overall, land use for open space and recreational in KKB is 28.78

acres (1.97%) of the overall land use.

Figure 1.4: Land Use of Open Space and Recreational.

NO.

LAND USE FOR OPEN

SPACE AND

RECREATIONAL

AREA (acres)

PERCENTAG

E (%)

1. Open Space

19.40 67.41

2. Sports and Recreational

9.38 32.59

TOTAL 28.78 100.0

In conclusion, It can be said that the open space and

recreational in KKB are mainly for the population as well as people

coming, stopping by or visiting the city, but in such a way it

doesn‟t work really well for the open space.

VII. Roads and Transportation.

342.46 acres (23.40%) of the KKB are for road

and transportation purposes. This amount is included in

the road reserve is calculated as a green area and a buffer for the

purpose of road widening and landscaping. Overall, the KKB road

in this area requires more work and maintenance of

road widening for the proposed route is more comfortable

and easier movement.

VIII. Vacant Land.

Vacant Land in KKB can be categorized as these:

A. A slump area for example the area near the Royal Police

Institute.

B. Infill land where the commercial lots are not being built by

the owner.

Overall, vacant lands in KKB covers 190.01acres (13.05%) of

the whole land uses. All these vacant lands are not being taken care

of and really give bad impressions to the whole KKB especially in

the town area. These lands really need to be developed as it has lot

of potentials to boost the current economy of KKB.

Examples of vacant land at Kuala Kubu Bharu area

3.1.2 COMMITED DEVELOPMENT

Committed development means that certain land has been

developed according to what has been approved by the authority or

any development that has been approved by the local authority.

Committed development in KKB includes the development of

Residential lot involving almost 79.05 acres. Based on the analysis,

it can be said that the development trend at Kuala Kubu Bharu is

mainly focusing on the residential matter rather than other type of

land use. If this trend continues, unstable development trend will

cause problem in the future

12

3.1.3 LAND OWNERSHIP

The current status shows that 887.69 acres (60.66) of land in

KKB is belong to the government and government agencies such as

Telekom, TNB, National Drugs Agency and the others.

574.64acres (39.27%) is private own land and the rest which is

0.99acres (0.07%) is belong to private clubs (Chinese temple,

Indian temple and Church)

NO LAND

OWNERSHIP

AREA

(acres)

PERCENTAGE

(%)

1 Government 887.69 60.66

2 Private 574.64 39.27

3 Clubs 0.99 0.07

TOTAL 1463.33 100.00 Figure 1.5: Land Ownership in KKB.

With most of the land is belong to the government, in a way

it will make any development easier especially the physical

development of the area without too many hassle going through

acquisition process and this will save a lot of time.

3.1.4 LAND VALUE

Generally the area of SAP Kuala Kubu Bharu offers various

types of land use that is residential, commercial and industrial with

various prices according to the types of land use, size and the

location of the land.

Types of Land Value Price Range (RM)

Residential

1-Storey Terrace house 40000~100000

2-Storey Terrace house 100000~200000

Bungalow 200000+

Commercial

2-Storey Shop house 200000~300000

In term of empty lot,

Vacant Land Price Range (RM per square

feet)

Residential Lot 25~40

Commercial Lot 40~60

Agriculture Land 15~25

*Source from the Land Office

Based on the price of the land, it can be concluded that the price

isn‟t much different with the adjacent location such as Batang Kali

or Bukit Beruntung. Even though the price does not have much

different, other factor such as commercial area, location to work

place and accessibility to Kuala Kubu Bharu are the main reason

some of these land become abandoned and underutilized. These

prices might change in the future according the development trend

of the area and the surrounding area.

3.1.5 LAND AVAILIBILITY

As an existing town, Kuala Kubu Bharu already has a lot of

development in the area. For future expansion to be done, the

availability of land, need to be identified. These crucial data‟s,

need to be analysed and identified so that the sector such as

residential or commercial and et cetera can determine the location

of future development and enhance the existing development at

Kuala Kubu Bharu area.

Land availability is an analysis on certain area, which in this

case is Kuala Kubu Bharu, which is ready to be developed. To

recognize the suitable development that can be done, analysis to

get the land availability area. Land Availability Analysis is a plan

that produces by the physical sector and land use. It is crucial since

it differentiate the land, whether it is more suitable to be developed

first, or should be hold on because of the constraints. Area that

include physical constraints need to be maintain so, after the

analysis, the land availability information can be retrieve and

making it easier to make early development proposals.

Class one – Area that require high cost to be develop

Criteria for this class one is because of the location of the land

which is located at slope of 25% and located on at least 76 m above

the ground level. This area can be classified as the environmental

sensitive area and high cost is require make this place live able.

Class two – Area that require moderate cost to be develop

Certain area is classified as class two because of the current high

development density at particular area like residential, commercial,

industrial, institution and public facilities. With all the development

surrounding, this area might require a little more cost rather than

area with less development.

Class three– Area that require less cost to be develop

The usual criteria for this class are the area is located at a less

development density area and on a less than 25% degree slope with

the height less than 76m above the ground level. The less develop

area are ready to be develop since it require less cost.

Based on the analysis, it is understandable that majority of

the Kuala Kubu Bharu area fall under either class 3 which cover

992.42 acres of the site (67.81%). Only certain parcel of the land is

classified as class 2 which cover 470.91 acres (32.19%) due to

unfavourable topography and the density of the development.

There is no environmental sensitive area at the site which explane

the non-existing class one. All in all, land in KKB development

straight away because it is supplied with the sufficient facilities and

necessities.

13

FINDINGS

In this finding, there are several potential and constraints as well as

issues and problem based on the made analysis. The findings are:

a. Potential

i. The existing land use in Kuala Kubu Bharu

encourages new population growth. With housing

development trend, it supply enough house in the

future population projection

ii. Private residences and quarters that have in KKB is

an asset increase of economic resources,

particularly to businesses in the City KKB.

iii. The existing of open spaces and recreational also

used as one of the potential sites and opportunities

to improve the economy as well as introducing KKB

to outsiders, particularly the opportunities

investment like making advertisement, drama or

film, and also the programs organized by the

government and private sector

iv. The committed development

in the area and adjacent KKB could provide a

positive impact, especially in terms of economic

development and services to people inside and

outside the area.

b. Constraints

i. Urban sprawl of adjacent site with better facilities

and economical purposes might be an alternative for

people to migrate from KKB area.

ii. Local community detest any future development

from the developer making the decision to upgrade

KKB town difficult

c. Strategic Issues and Problems

i. The existing of government quarters that are old, not

well manage and abandon on top of government

lowered the visual quality and making the effort to

develop the area difficult

ii. Kuala Kubu Bharu town image and physical aspect

that are not outstanding and unorganized

iii. Several types of buildings that need new building

rehabilitation design for the area that need to be

conserved and redevelopment.

iv. Traffic congestion at school area especially during

peak hour creating conflict.

v. High percentage of the locals that stay in Kuala

Kubu Bharu is not the actually locals.

vi. The existing of tourism products but lacks of

advertisement and not maintain.

vii. Lacks of public transportation especial public buses

in term of quantity, frequency, operation hour and

covered area as well as the supporting public

facilities.

EARLY PROPOSAL

After the analysis has been complete, the needs of early proposals

are crucial so that development plan can be foreseen. The early

proposal to tackle the issues and problems are:

Establish a team to advertise and promote the tourism

product of Kuala Kubu Bharu area

Convert the existing abandon government quarters to be a

homestay area so that the old buildings can be fully utilized

once more and generate economy to Kuala Kubu Bharu

area.

Reconstruct and restore old buildings that have historical

value to improve the image of Kuala Kubu Bharu town.

14

SWOT ANALYSIS.

STRENGTH

WEAKNESS

OPPORTUNITY

THREAT

Existing Land Use in KKB,

especially for institutions and community

facilities to encourage the new population.

Private residences and quarters that have in

KKB is an asset increase of economic resources,

particularly to businesses in the City KKB.

The existing of open spaces

and recreational also used as one

of potential sites and opportunities to improve

the economy as well as introducing KKB to

outsiders, particularly the

opportunities investment like making ads,

drama or film, and also the programs organized

by the government and private sector.

The committed development

in the area and adjacent KKB could provide a

positive impact, especially in terms of economic

development and services to people inside and

outside the area.

Residential and quarters that

have a lot

of lots left empty without

the development of business

indicates that land use is not

optimal as well

as a conflict of land use.

KKB is a main route of Ipoh-

Kuala Lumpur-Raub is the transit

point for the tourist to go to the

Fraser Hills.

Land Use institutions and

quarters residential is an asset for

increase the economic in the area

of KKB.

The development of growth

centres such

as the Tanjung Malim, Rawang to

be an alternative to the

residents to move into the

area that much more developed.

18

INTRODUCTION

ocioeconomy is actually based on demography aspect in

terms of population pattern such as size, growth, density,

distribution and vital statistics. Besides, the socioeconomy

sector also study the interaction between the human society and

economical factor. This sector play an important role on

development process in order to know the clear view of population

patterns in term of projecting the future population to suite the

development on the site.

DEMOGRAPHY

OBJECTIVE

i. To study the total number of population and migration in

study area.

ii. To identify the age structure of population in the study area.

iii. To analyse the ethnic distribution in the study area.

iv. To analyse the sex ratio in the study area.

SOCIOECONOMY

OBJECTIVE

1. To study types of economic activities base in the study

area.

2. To analyse the standard living of community based on

household monthly income.

3. To investigate the safety level of community based on

crime rate.

4. To study the level of education within the study area.

FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS OF DEMOGRAPHY

For demographycal part, there are two type of finding

which primary and secondary. The primary data obtained from

survey form that have been distributed to selective people. The

total number of survey form have been distributed are 150 copies.

Others, the secondary data obtained from several departments

which related to the scope of this sector such as Majlis Daerah

Hulu Selangor (MDHS), Jabatan Kebajikan Malaysia (JKM),

Royal Malaysian Police (PDRM), and Pejabat Pendidikan Daerah

(PPD).

3.2.1 TOTAL POPULATION IN KUALA KUBU BHARU

This table below show the total population in Kuala Kubu Bharu

which only cover for the study area boundary in 2007 for the past

population, 2011 for the current population, 2015 and 2020

population for the future. This number of population derived by the

number of houses in study area are multiply by the number of

household. In addition, the total population does not included for

trainee because the trainee remain the same and not expand for the

projection.

Table 1: Total population of Kuala Kubu Bharu, 2007, 2011, 2015,

2020

Year Total Population (+trainee)

2007 14477 (17339)

2011 14897 (17759)

2015 15331 (18193)

2020 15865 (18727)

Chart 1: Total population of Kuala Kubu Bharu, 2007, 2011, 2015,

and 2020

From the bar chart above, the data shows that the total

population increasing from the 2007 to 2011 (Chart 1). This gives

the annual rate of change of 0.7 percent for the period 2007-2011.

These changes of population occur due to growth of population

either development within study area. The increasing of population

is important to know in order to suite the development for the

future. In 2015 and 2020, the number of population has been

project for future development in order to balance the populaton

with the development.

2007 2011 2015 2020

14477

14897

15441

15866 S

3.2 DEMOGRAPHY & SOCIO-ECONOMY

19

Male 51%

Female 49%

Gender 2011

3.2.2 GENDER (SEX RATIO)

The data of gender distribution is important to know

different number of gender which is male or female in study area in

order to suite employer force in term of productivity. The table

consist of gender distribution is shown below.

Table 2: Gender Distribution of Kuala Kubu Bharu, 2011 and 2020

Gender 2011 2020

Male 7566(*9797) 8058(*10289)

Female 7331(*7962) 7807(*8438)

Total 14897(*17759) 15865(*18727)

*include trainee

Chart 2: Gender Distribution of Kuala Kubu Bharu, 2011 and 2020

*without trainee

The pie chart above shows the percentage of gender distribution

which male and female. This percentage of gender is important to

analyze the gender distribution in Kuala Kubu in order to know the

suitable employer force for the future development. Men

outnumbered women with the percentage 51 per cent to 49 per cent

(Chart 2). It can be shown that male population is slightly higher

than female which mean the productivity is equal between gender

and can apply varies type of development. However, after the

trainee included and affected the percentage and male percentage

become more increase (Chart 3).

Chart 3: Gender Distribution Include Trainee

*include trainee

SEX RATIO

From the percentage of gender distribution, the sex ratio can be

determining that male outnumbered female with the sex ratio of

106. Similar pattern was observed for Selangor State.

3.2.3 ETHNIC DISTRIBUTION

The data of ethnic distribution is important to identify the major

and minor ethnic in the study area and from that, to determine

types of development should be provided for each ethnic especially

in terms of ritual facilities like mosque, temple and church. In

addition, it is also important to study their cultures and identify the

problems that related with different races. It remains equal for the

2020 according to the ratio from the past year.

Table 3: Ethnic Distribution in Kuala Kubu Bharu, 2010 and 2020

Ethnic 2010 % 2020 %

Malay 9354 62.79 9961 62.79

Chinese 3043 20.43 3241 20.43

Indian 2315 15.54 2465 15.54

Others 185 1.24 198 1.24

Total 14897 100 15865 100

Male 51%

Female 49%

Gender 2020

Male 55%

Female 45%

Gender 2011

Male 55%

Female 45%

Gender 2020

20

The pie chart below show the percentage of ethnicity in Kuala

Kubu Bharu to determine the major ethnic in study area (Chart 3).

The Malays was the predominant ethnic group in Kuala Kubu

Bharu which constituted 62.79 per cent. Follow by the Chinese,

20.43 per cent, Indians, 15.54 per cent. Lastly, others ethnic such

as „Orang Asli‟ and foreigner are the less with the percentage of

1.24 per cent for current population in 2011. Thus, the

development should suit the community need.

Chart 4: Ethnicity Kuala Kubu Bharu in 2011 and 2020

3.2.4 AGE

The proportion of the population of Kuala Kubu Bahru below the

age of 15 years is about 29.31 per cent in 2011. Next, the

proportion of working age population (15 to 64 years) is the

highest which is about 65.09 per cent. The proportion of population

aged 65 years and over is about 5.60 per cent. In 2020, the

projection can be equally according to the normal growth. The

trend of these indicators is in line with the transition of age

structure towards aging population of Malaysia.

Chart 5: Number of population by sex and age group, Kuala Kubu Bharu, 2011 and 2020

Malay 62.79%

Chinese 20.43%

Indian 15.54%

Others 1.24%

0.00%

Ethnicity 2011

21

From the age structure, the type of age structure considered

as constrictive piramid structure. This type of age structure display

lower number or percentages of younger people.

3.2.6 DEPENDENCY RATE

Table 4: Percentage of dependency rate in Kuala Kubu Bharu

Dependency Rate Year 2000 Year 2011

0-14 37.4% 45%

15-64 59.1%

65++ 3.5% 8.6%

From the table above, the percentage of dependency rate in

Kuala Kubu Bharu in 2000 show the total percentage is low which

is 0.69 per cent from the whole population in study area. This case

show that majority of population in the study area is working and

contributing to economic as well. So, the development that occurs

will not be disturbed by the high rate of liability.

ISSUES AND PROBLEM

The first issue that can be identified is that there are many

retired groups on the study area. The problem with this retired

group is they are not used to the changes in urban condition and

more likely to live in quiet and calm place. In addition, they used

their car as an illegal taxi which does not have a permit. As for the

second issue, the study area has a low growth of economic status

due to low growth of population. When there is less community

there, the economic status will be low due to the supply and

demand on the study area.

SCOPE OF STUDIES

Scope One: Employment Distribution

Employment distributions are related to three types of economic

activities in the study area that can be divided which are primary,

secondary and tertiary sector.

Scope Two: Standard Living of Community.

It will be related to the residents‟ monthly household income,

number of poverty rate among the residents and monthly

household expenditure.

Scope Three: Safety Level of Community

The related data will be involved are crime rate and its types such

as violent and property crime and social problems in Kuala Kubu

Bharu.

Scope Three: Educational Level of Community

It will involve the data of educational level among the residents in

Kuala Kubu Bharu primary, secondary and tertiary academic

background.

ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS OF SOCIOECONOMY

For socioeconomic part, there are two types of finding which are

primary and secondary. The primary data obtained from survey

that had been distributed to selective people. The total numbers of

survey form are 150 copies and 82 copies were distributed for

Malay, 37 for Chinese, 25 for Indian, and 6 copies for others

(Aborigines).

Apart from that, the secondary data obtained from several

departments which related to the scope of these sectors such as

Hulu Selangor District Council (MDHS), District and Land Office,

Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat Malaysia (JKM), Royal Malaysian

Police (PDRM), and Pejabat Pendidikan Daerah (PPD).

3.2.7 EMPLOYMENT DISTRIBUTION

Data Collection:

Table 1: Data of employment distribution in Kuala Kubu Bharu

There are two types of data for employment distribution

that had been derived during site visit. First, the data obtained from

the survey form whereby several questions had been asked to the

local people regarding to their jobs and employment. Besides, the

data had been distributed to all ethnics in Kuala Kubu Bharu such

as Malay, Chinese, Indian and others to know the distribution of

employment among them which had been categorized into four

types like government sector, private sector, self-employment and

retired group.

Employment

Distribution

Malay

(Percentage/

Respondent)

Chinese

(Percentage/

Respondent)

Indian

(Percentage/

Respondent)

Others

(Percentage/

Respondent)

Government 43.90 (36) 10.82 (4) 24.00 (6) 16.67 (1)

Private 7.32 (6) 21.62 (8) 28.00 (7) 33.33 (2)

Retired 21.95 (18) 8.11 (3) 8.00 (2) 16.67 (1)

Self-

Employment

26.83 (22)

59.46 (22)

40.00 (10)

33.33 (2)

Total 100 (82) 100 (37) 100 (25) 100 (6)

22

The table above shows the data collection that had been

collected in the survey whereby Malay with 82 respondents has the

highest number of persons who are working in the government

sector which is 36 persons (44%), 6 persons or (7%) in private

sectors, 22 persons or (27%) have their own business and 18

persons or (27%) can be considered as retired group and it is also

the highest number compared to other ethnics. Meanwhile, Chinese

has 37 respondents whereby 4 persons or (11%) are working in the

government sector, 8 persons or (22%) in the private sector, 22

persons or (59%) have their own business same with Malay and 3

persons or (8%) as retired.

Next, there are 25 respondents for Indians whereby 6

persons or (24%) who are working in government sector, 7 persons

or (28%) in the private sector, 10 persons or (33%) have their own

business and only 2 persons or (8%) can be considered as retired.

Last, for others, they have only 6 respondents whereby 1 person or

(17%) is working in government sector, 2 persons or (33%) as

private workers, 2 persons or (33%) have their own business and

only 1 person or (17%) as retired.

Table 2: Data types of economic activities in Kuala Kubu Bharu

Secondly, the table above shows the types of economic

activities in Kuala Kubu Bharu. It is referred to type of

employment distribution among the residents. The data derived

from a research that had been done by a group of student from

National University of Malaysia (UKM) on title “Urbanization and

Cities Development. For the economic activities, it can be

categorized into three types which are primary sector those who are

working in the production of raw materials and basic foods like

agriculture, forestry, faming, etc.

Next, secondary sector which is those who are working in

manufacturing, processing and construction lines like engineering,

industries, construction and shipping. Then, tertiary sector those

who are working in service industries like banking, business,

doctor, etc.

Based on the survey, the number of respondents is 45

persons. So, it classified that 34 persons from the respondents are

working in the tertiary sector which is services industry like

accountant, nurse, and office assistant. Meanwhile, 8 persons are

working in secondary sector like factories worker, technician and

mechanic. Yet, the primary sector whereby only 3 persons from the

respondents working in this sector like forestry, fisheries, etc.

Types of

employment

Frequency Percentage Types of economic

activities

Accountant 1 2.22 Tertiary

Business 5 11.11 Tertiary

Cleaner 1 2.22 Tertiary

Office assistant 1 2.22 Tertiary

Doctor 1 2.22 Tertiary

Barber 1 2.22 Tertiary

Nurse 2 4.44 Tertiary

Cashier 1 2.22 Tertiary

Sales assistant 4 8.89 Tertiary

Technician 2 4.44 Secondary

Lorry driver 1 2.22 Tertiary

Clerk 3 6.67 Tertiary

Factory worker 4 8.89 Secondary

Fisheries 1 2.22 Primary

Teacher 5 11.11 Tertiary

Restaurant manager 1 2.22 Tertiary

Hawker 2 4.44 Tertiary

Mechanic 2 4.44 Secondary

Army 4 8.89 Tertiary

Forestry 1 2.22 Primary

Farmer 1 2.22 Primary

Bus driver 1 2.22 Tertiary

TOTAL 45 100 -

23

Data Analysis:

Pie Chart 1: Percentage of employment distribution among the

Malay residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu.


Chinese residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu.


Indian residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu.


others (Aborigines) residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

These are the charts of employment distribution based on

ethnicity in Kuala Kubu Bharu. The first chart above shows from

the survey that the percentage of employment distribution among

Malay residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu. It indicates that most of

Malays are working in government sector which is 44 %. This is

because, from the observation during site visit, there are many of

government agencies and departments in Kuala Kubu Bharu due to

the gazette of this area as administrative town for Hulu Selangor

District in local pan.

Besides that, it can be approved for the reason why the

highest number of Malay works in government agencies due to

their attitude and moderate lifestyle whereby most of them like to

have a simple or moderate lifestyle. Means that, they can spend

more their pleasure time with their family and friends.

Another reason is based on their academic achievement

whereby most of them come from secondary academic group

which is the group those who only have Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia

(SPM) as the highest academic achievement. Then, for those

Malays who have tertiary academic achievement like Diploma,

Degree, etc. tended to be as the government officer.

Meanwhile, what can be seen also in the charts above is the

highest percentage of retired group comes from Malay compared to

others ethnicity which is 22%. Most of them worked as

government workers during their services like armies, clerk and

office assistant. From some interviews and observation, most of

them doing other jobs like illegal taxi driver, small business and so

on as their side incomes to increase their pension rate and fill their

free time than doing nothing.

24

Next, in the second pie chart as well indicates the highest

percentage of employment distribution among Chinese is those

who have their own work or business which is 59%. It can be

proved whereby most of the commercial area at the center of Kuala

Kubu Bharu‟s town likes shop houses are owned by this

community. The examples of commercial activities doing by

Chinese community are bicycle shop, furniture shop, and retails.

Further, the main factor that contributes the reason why

most Chinese involve in this part of economic activities is their

culture and ancestors heritage whereby money is everything to

them in continuing their life and without money the life is nothing.

Some of them also just inherit their business from their parent

business means that the business had been operated from their

parents.

Other than that, what can be seen yet in the pie charts above

is the highest percentage of the private sectors come from Indian

which is 28%.Most of them are working at private clinic, banking,

restaurant and under others person businesses. There are also some

of them working in manufacturing and industries field like

factories. But they have to work outside Kuala Kubu Bharu‟s town

like Batang Kali, Serendah and Tanjung Malim due to lack of

factories or industries activities in Kuala Kubu Bharu. It is same

goes to other ethnics for those who are working in this field.

For others like aborigines, most of them can be categorized

as self-employed also because of their activities to sell out of their

crops and forest products like vegetables, bird nets, and honey bees

to get their profit or income.

Pie Chart 5: Total percentage of employment distribution among

the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

The data in identifying either the jobs or employment that

had been provided in Kuala Kubu Bharu are enough and relevant

with the resident‟s capacity and capability. It also must in line with

the development target by the local authorities that stated in local

plan without any jobless among residents.

Most of residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu are popular with

self-employment or have their own business which is 38%.It

cannot be denied that Chinese is the major contributor for this

types of jobs. Besides, it is also involved by the persons who have

the small types of business like hawkers. So, it cannot be sure that

all of these hawkers have their own valid licenses to operate their

businesses.

Then, the government sector is the second types of

employment popular among the residents. The reason why the

chosen of people for this job maybe the office of the jobs is near

from their residential area, suitable with their academic

achievements, rate of the income with basic allowances and several

benefits that they will get as government workers like housing

loan, car loan and others . It also cannot be denied that the highest

number of workers in government sector is Malay. Moreover, the

percentage also proved that the status of Kuala Kubu Bharu town

as administrative center.

Next, the percentage of those who are working in the

private sector is 15%. It indicates that the sector play the main role

for economic growth of Kuala Kubu Bharu. But the possibilities of

the residents to join this sector are low due to the lack of job

opportunities for this sector especially in the manufacturing and

industries field. This is because there is only one small factory that

provided in Kuala Kubu Bharu. So, most of the person who want to

join the industries field must work outside the Kuala Kubu Bharu

like Serendah and Tanjung Malim.

The percentage of retired group here can be considered as

not high compared to the all population in Kuala Kubu Bharu

which is only 16%. Most of them come from government sector

and Malays is the major of the number but the amount of it can be

reduced for the next several years due to the new government

policies to increase the period of government worker services till

60-year old rather than before at age 58- year old. In addition, the

pension rate for already retired group will also be increased in

reducing their encumbrances of life.

25

This chart indicates the total percentage of economic activities

based on the survey of types of employment distribution among the

residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu that had been done by National

University of Malaysia (UKM) students. It is important to analyze

the economic based of that particular area in ensuring the economic

growth of that area is in line with the development.

Most of the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu can be

classified as tertiary group worker whereby the percentage of the

group is the highest compared to others which is 75%. Government

services is the main contributor for this type of group whereby

there is a lot of government agencies and departments like hospital,

police station, district office and so on. In addition, there are also a

lot of quarters for government servicers that had been provided in

Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Besides that, the percentage of residents work in secondary

types is quick low which is 18%. There are two possibilities the

reason why this type of jobs is not popular among the residents

which are the hard condition of the jobs that needs use more energy

like labor force in factories and lack of job opportunities that had

been provided in Kuala Kubu Bharu due to its small town.

Lastly, there is also primary type of job which involved in

agriculture sector like farmer. But, the number of person is quick

small rather than other sectors due to its small income and this

sector is quick popular among aborigines residents because of their

favors in nature.

3.2.6 STANDARD LIVING OF COMMUNITY

DATA COLLECTION

Table 3: Data of monthly household income in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

There is only one type of data for monthly household

income that had been derived during site visit. The data obtained

from the survey form whereby several questions had been asked to

the local people regarding to their average of household monthly

income too. It had been also distributed to all ethnics in Kuala

Kubu Bharu such as Malay, Chinese, Indian and others to identify

the comparison of their monthly income and standard of living.

Then, the income has been categorized into three types

which are the income below RM 1500, income between RM 1501

to RM3000 and income more than RM3000. So, from the data it

can be classified that which persons come from low income,

medium income and high income people.

The table shows that from 82 persons of Malay respondent,

23 persons or 28% of them come from below RM1500 income

group. Next, 39 persons or 48% come from between RM 1501 to

RM 3000 income group and 20 persons or 24% come from more

than RM 3000 income group. In Chinese, there are 37 respondents

and from those 7 persons or 19% are below RM 1500 income

group, 10 persons or 27% are between RM1501 to RM 3000

income group and 20 persons or 54% are above RM3000 income

group.

Meanwhile, there are 25 respondents from Indian whereby

6 persons or 24% are below RM 1500 income group, 10 persons or

40% are between RM1501 to RM 3000 income group and 9

persons or 36% are above RM3000 income group. Last, for others

like aborigines have 6 respondents whereby 2 persons or 33% are

below RM 1500 income group, 4 persons or 67% are between

RM1501 to RM 3000 income group and there is no person come

from above RM3000 income group.

From the table also what can be seen is the average of each

ethnic monthly household income whereby Chinese is the highest

which RM2513.698, follows by Indians with RM2340.23, Malay is

RM 2222.798 and others like aborigines is RM2000.33.

Table 4: Number of poverty rate in Kuala Kubu Bharu

The table shows that the number of persons those who are

below the poverty line based on each ethnicity. It means for those

who have income below RM750 per month. It is derived from

Hulu Selangor District and Land Office following the current

statistic.

Monthly

Household

Income

Malay

(Percentage/

Respondent)

Chinese

(Percentage/

Respondent)

Indian

(Percentage/

Respondent)

Others

(Percentage/

Respondent)

0 - 1500 28.05 (23) 18.92 (7) 24.00 (6) 33.33 (2)

1501 -

3000

47.56 (39) 27.03 (10) 40.00 (10) 66.67 (4)

3001++ 24.39 (20) 54.05 (20) 36.00 (9) 0 (0)

Total 100 (82) 100 (37) 100 (25) 100 (6)

Average

of income

(RM)

2222.798

2513.698

2340.23

2000.33

Ethnic Number of persons Percentage %

Malay 74 22.63

Chinese 142 43.43

Indian 89 27.22

Others 22 6.73

TOTAL 327 100

26

From the statistic, it can be shown that the total number of

residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu that still have income below RM

750 per month and can be categorized into poverty line group is

327 persons. The highest number comes from Chinese which is

142 persons or 43%, then it follows by Indian which is 89 persons

or 27%. Meanwhile for Malay, there are 74 persons or 23% can be

classified in this group and last for others like aborigines which is

22 persons or 7 %.

Expenses Amount (RM) Percentage (%)

Food 400 17.78

Utilities 200 8.89

Vehicles 750 33.33

Children

Education

400 17.78

Entertainment 150 6.67

Personal 150 6.67

Savings 200 8.89

TOTAL 2250 100

Table 5: Distribution of monthly household expenditure in Kuala

Kubu Bharu

The table above shows the total average of household

monthly expenditure among the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

The data derived from the survey during site visit whereby the

local residents also had been asked about their monthly

expenditure for food, utilities, vehicles, children education and so

on. It is important to know the data in identifying their monthly

savings either enough or exceeds more than their income.

First, the data will be calculated follows the average of

monthly household income among the residents which is about

RM2250. The amount can be obtained after identifying the min of

basic income from low income people which is RM1500 and basic

income of high income people which is RM3000.

Majority of the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu spent more

of their income for their vehicles which is about RM750 per month

or 33%. It includes the payment of the cars or motorcycles, oils and

the maintenance of the vehicles. Besides that, they will spend on

the basic needs of human being which is foods and drinks about

RM400 or 18% of their income. It is depend on the size of the

family, means that the bigger size of the family needs the more

provision of income for food.

Next, the residents also spent their income on their children

education which is also RM400 or 18% per month. It is based on

the level of education of their children primary, secondary or

tertiary. The bigger amount needs to be provided if they have

children in universities and colleges level due to the high payment

like books, tuition fees and so on.

Besides that, the residents also spent their income to the

basic needs of life or utilities like electricity bill, water supply,

telephone and internet which is about RM200 or 9% per month.

They also spent on their personal cases and family entertainment

like holiday and shopping which is about RM150 or 7% for each.

Last, there is also a little bit of saving from their monthly

income which is about RM200 or 9% per month after the provision

of the income for their monthly expenditure like food, vehicles,

children education, etc. But, the amount of it is not static every

month due to some emergencies like health and financial problems.

Data Analysis:

Histogram 1: Graph of monthly household income among the

residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

From the graph above, what can be analyzed from the data

that had been collected during site visit is most of the high income

people which persons who has income more than RM3000 come

from Chinese which is 54% although the number of respondents is

similar with Malays which is 20 respondents but the valuation is

based on the percentage of each ethnicity. The reason why the

Chinese have more percentage in high income group because of

most of them have their own major and strong business and

involve in commercial activities at the town center like furniture

shops, photography shop and retails compared to other ethnic

which involved in only small business like hawkers.

In addition, other persons those who can be also

categorized into high income group but they are not involve in

business work at private company outside the Kuala Kubu Bharu

town like Rawang as well as there is also some of them joined the

government sector as government officers and have many years of

experiences and services especially in Malays.

27

Besides that, what can be seen also in the graph is most of

the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu can be categorized into medium

income group which is income between RM1501 to RM3000. It is

believed that most of the residents in this group of income work as

the government worker like office assistant, clerk, nurse, etc. It

based on the standardize of salary as government employees due to

their stages and levels.

Then, the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu those who have

income below RM 1500 can be categorized into low income group.

It is hard for them if there is only one of the family members work

and have many numbers of dependency. Some of them do other

jobs for their side income to increase the monthly income like

illegal taxi driver and hawker at night market. For aborigines, this

happen to those who only get their profit or income based on the

selling of crops and forest product. It will be a problem for those in

this group if the try to solve their financial problem from illegal

money borrower.

Pie Chart 7: Percentage of poverty rate among the residents in

Kuala Kubu Bharu.

The chart shows that the total percentage of persons who

have the income below than RM750 and can be classified as

poverty group in Kuala Kubu Bharu. This is the current officially

data that researched by Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat Hulu

Selangor (JKM) and given to Hulu Selangor Land and District

Office.

First, what can be identified in the chart is the highest

percentage of group of poverty lines is Chinese which 43%. Even

there is more Chinese in high group income but it cannot be denied

that there is a lot of Chinese is under the poverty lives in reality. It

is believed that most of this group of people comes from Kg. Asam

Kumbang whereby it is a Chinese community residential. It can be

proved that situation from some of Chinese respondent those had

been asked in the survey and the bad condition of their houses

itself in that area.

In addition, there is also poverty group of people from other

ethnicity like Malay which is 23%, Indian with 27% and others like

aborigines with 7%. But the number of this ethnicity is not larger

rather than Chinese community. There is some of possibilities

reason for those who are in this poverty group like very low

academic achievement. Some of them only have their primary

school certificate as the highest achievement and it is hard to get

any job opportunities either in government or private sector even as

the factory worker. Another reason is some of them inherit of the

poverty from their parents due to have many siblings.

There are also some departments and agencies come to help

this types of people in reducing their encumbrances in life like

Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat Malaysia (JKMM) which contribute

some of food like rice, milk, sugar and pocket money. For

Muslim, they are lucky due to the existence of Lembaga Zakat

Selangor (LZS) in helping their future life and for Chinese and

Indian, there is also their own community society and for

aborigines they have also Jabatan Kebajikan Hal Ehwal Orang Asli

(JKHEOA).

Last, there is also provided under the state government

which is Tabung Warisan Anak Selangor or TAWAS that will help

the children in poor families for their education. It can be seen that

even they come from poverty group, their children education is

important to be continued till the highest level. This is the best way

for someone to go out from the list of poverty group.

Pie Chart 8: Percentage of monthly household expenditure among

the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

The chart shows that the percentage of monthly expenditure

among the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Most of them provide

the quarter of their monthly income to vehicles purposed which is

33%. It indicates that majority of the residents here have their own

vehicles like cars and motorcycles and the important of the usage

of the vehicles to their life.

Besides that, the second highest is their children education

whereby majority of them provided 18 % of their monthly income

for it. It cannot be denied that education is important as their asset

of their children future life. Next, they will provide 18% also for

28

food as the basic need of life. Then, for their utilities like electricity

and water supply is 9 %, the family entertainment is about 6% and

their personal matters are about 7 %.

The most important part of monthly expenditure is to know

the percentage of savings from the monthly household income

among the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Look at the chart,

majority of the people here provided almost 9% from their income

as their savings. It is important to know that data in identifying the

possibilities of people in Kuala Kubu Bharu have the financial

problem or not. This is because, when they have the problems, it

may lead to some other problems in the area like social problems

and the existence of illegal hawkers or money borrowers.

3.2.7 SAFETY LEVEL OF COMMUNITY

Data collection:

Table 6: Data of crime rate (Jan-Oct 2011) in Kuala Kubu Bharu

The table shows the two types of data for crime cases in

Kuala Kubu Bharu along January till October of 2011. The data is

derived from Hulu Selangor District of Royal Malaysian Police

(PDRM). The status of data is confidential for public but the police

still give their collaboration for this academic research.

First, it can be classified into two types of crimes which are

violent crime that means involving the use of, or even the threat of

force or violence either it use of a weapon or not. Then, for the

second types of crime is property crime which occurs when

someone attempts to destroy someone else‟s property, or to steal

something from their properties.

Look at the violent crime data in Kuala Kubu Bharu, there

are several types of cases happen during this statistic data is

provided which are rape is about 4 cases, injure of someone with 5

cases, molested with 2 cases, riot with 2 cases and blackmail with 7

cases. Meanwhile there is no cases are reported along this period

for murder, extortion, armed robbery and robbery cases but the

police still give data to state that these types of crime ever

happened in Kuala Kubu Bharu before this time.

Next, for the property crime data in Kuala Kubu Bharu,

there are several types of cases happen during this statistic data is

provided which are theft is about 6 cases, car theft with 3 cases,

motorcycles theft with 20 cases as well as break-in with 2 cases.

Then, it is same with van/lorry theft and snatch theft, there is no

cases reported for them but the police still give the data to state that

these types of crime ever happened in Kuala Kubu Bharu before

this time.

Table 7: Number of respondents for social problems survey in

Kuala Kubu Bharu

Table 8: Data of social problems in Kuala Kubu Bharu

Apart from that, these two tables above shows the data for

types of social problem in Kuala Kubu Bharu whereby the first

table indicates the reaction from the residents itself about the

problems and it had been asked during the site visit. There are 47

respondents or 31% said that there is social problem in their area

but another 103 respondents or 69% person said there is no social

problem in their area. Actually, it depends on the area where the

social problems is happen and how the concern of residents about

the problems.

Types of crime (Jan-Oct 2011)

Violent crime Frequency Property crime Frequency

Murder 0 Theft 6

Rape 4 Car theft 3

Extortion 0 Motorcycle theft 20

Armed robbery 0 Van/lorry theft 0

Robbery 0 Snatch theft 0

Injure 5 Break-in 2

Molested 2 - -

Riot 2 - -

Blackmail 7 - -

Types of social problems Frequency

(survey)

Percentage (%)

Theft

(Car, motorcycle etc.)

13

27.66

Break-in 3 6.38

Drug addict 6 12.77

Gum addict 5 10.64

Loiter 7 14.89

Sexual harassment 3 6.38

Illegal racer 6 12.77

Alcoholism 4 8.51

Social problem Respondent Percentage (%)

Yes 47 31.33

No 103 68.67

29

For the second table as well, it is the lists of types of social

problems that happen in Kuala Kubu Bharu. It is what the

respondent‟s state in their social survey form. There are several

social problems can be identified here which are theft including

cars and motorcycles is about 13 cases or 28%, break-in with 3

cases or 6 %, drug addict with 6 cases or 13%, gum addict with 5

cases or 11%, loiter with 7 cases or 15%, sexual harassments with

3 cases or 6 %, illegal rider with 6 cases or 13% and alcoholism

with 4 cases or 9%.

Data analysis:

Histogram 2: Graph of violent crime in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

The first histogram shows the statistic of violent crime

cases in Kuala Kubu Bharu. It indicates that blackmail is the

highest cases are reported to police which 7 cases, follows by

injure of someone with 5 cases, rape with 4 cases and the lowest

are molested and riot with 2 cases for each.

Based on the interview with Encik Norman, the police

officer who is in charge with crime statistics said that some of the

crime happen in Kuala Kubu Bharu is cannot be predicted or

forecasted by the police. Means that, the crime is not planned in

time and the location of it.

For blackmail cases, the officer said that sometimes it is

happen for the small matters like coupling between the school

students and it can avoided. Besides, the rape cases always happen

at night and it also happen at the hidden place like in an empty

house or building. It is same goes to the molested cases and one of

the cases done by the same criminal with rape cases. Then, for riot

cases is seldom happen in Kuala Kubu Bharu and it happen due to

the argument of the workers to the employers.

Last, the officer said for all the violent crime happen in

Kuala Kubu Bharu is still under the control of police due to the

lack of cases reported to them compared with other places or parts

in Hulu Selangor.

Histogram 3: Graph of property crime in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

The second histogram shows the statistic of property crime

cases in Kuala Kubu Bharu. It indicates that motorcycles theft is

the highest cases are reported to police which 20 cases, then

follows with normal theft which is 6 cases, car theft with 3 cases

and the lowest is break-in with 2 cases.

According to Encik Norman, the property crime in Kuala

Kubu Bharu is done by local residents, outsider as well as the

foreigner like Indonesian but some of the case comes from the

local residents.

For motorcycles theft, most of the cases happen at the

residential area and it is believed that had been done by the group

of illegal racer which among the youth. Besides, the normal theft is

reported mostly at the shops and commercial area. Then, for the car

theft and break-in cases are popular with the outsider and foreigner

and it usually happens at night.

Lastly, the officer also believed that the property crime in

Kuala Kubu Bharu also is under the control of police but the police

nowadays have increasing their patrolling in reducing more cases

especially for motorcycle theft.

Histogram 4: Graph of social problems in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

The third histogram shows the statistic of social problems

in Kuala Kubu Bharu whereby all the cases are stated in their

social survey form by the respondents those who agreed that there

is social problem in their area. But in the survey, not all the

respondents stated and agreed there is social problems and it may

be not because of the different location and the consciousness and

information gathered by someone.

30

Based on the statistics, the most popular problems is the

theft including motorcycles and cars theft which is 13 cases. It can

be proved by referring to the police report whereby most of the

report for property crime is referred to theft cases. The respondents

also agreed that it had been done by some of innocent youth as

known as those in group of illegal rider

Besides, there are also other types of social problems which

are loiter, drug addict, gum addict and illegal racer in Kuala Kubu

Bharu and most of it had been done also by young group of people.

It indicates that seems there is nothing to do with their pleasure

time except doing non-beneficial activities like above. It also can

be proved by the suggestion from one of the respondents in the

survey that need to be built up a futsal court for the youth

generation as their beneficial activities during the free time. This

idea is nice and it is in line with government policies to build up

with “One District, One Futsal Court”.

Last, it is important to identify the level of security and

safety in certain development area like Kuala Kubu Bharu because

of that situation is ensuring and determines the status of

socioeconomic in that particular area. The more safety level in that

area, the better of economic growth in that area. It is same with the

context of investment in Malaysia whereby most of the investors

will see the security level and political status in this country before

they will do the investment because of both of these factors are

ensuring the economic growth of this country.

3.2.8 EDUCATIONAL LEVEL

Data collection:

Table 9: Data of educational level among the residents in Kuala

Kubu Bharu

The table above shows the data for level of education

among the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu whereby all the

respondents had been asked also in the survey for their academic

achievement. It is also including their households‟ academic

achievement like wife of husband and the children. In addition,

there is no official data from Pejabat Pendidikan Daerah (PPD) are

derived for this types of data, they have only data for current

education development in every schools in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

There is several level of education which is different

according to types of education such as primary for those only

achieve at primary school level, then secondary for those achieve at

SPM level and tertiary for those at university level like certificate,

diploma, degree, master and doctorate students.

For Malays, there are 10 persons or 5% with primary

academic background, 135 persons or 71% with secondary

academic and 44 persons or 23% with tertiary academic

achievement. Then, in Chinese there are 12 persons or 13% with

primary academic, 55 persons or 57% with secondary academic

and 29 persons or 30% at tertiary background.

Meanwhile, for Indian, 15 persons or 19% with primary

academic, 46 persons or 58% with secondary academic and 19

persons or 24% with tertiary academic. Last, for other like

aborigines, there is 8 persons or 40% with primary academic, 10

persons or 50% with secondary academic and only 2 persons or

10% with tertiary academic.

Data analysis:

Pie Chart 9: Percentage of educational level among the residents in

Kuala Kubu Bharu.

From the chart above, it can be analyzed that most of the

residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu have the secondary type of

academic background like Malaysian Certificate of Education

(MCE) as their basic academic which is 64%. Next, the second

highest group of them comes from the university level as the

tertiary academic background like certificate, diploma, degree,

master and doctorate which is about 24 %. Then, the third group is

those who only achieve their primary school level which is 12%.

Education

level

Malay

(Percentage/

Respondent)

Chinese

(Percentage/

Respondent)

Indian

(Percentage/

Respondent)

Others

(Percentage/

Respondent)

Primary 5.29 (10) 12.50 (12) 18.75 (15) 40.00 (8)

Secondary 71.43 (135) 57.29 (55) 57.50 (46) 50.00 (10)

Tertiary 23.28 (44) 30.21 (29) 23.75 (19) 10.00 (2)

Total 100 (189) 100 (96) 100 (80) 100 (20)

31

Apart from that, for those who are in primary academic

background, most of them are the old residents which are around

65 above. The main reason is previously they come from poverty

families and do not have enough money to further their secondary

academic level. Moreover, they are not exposed to academic

priorities which can help them in their future life and for them it is

important to help their parents in reducing the families‟

encumbrance of life due to having many of children. Nowadays,

the problem are decreasing due to the consciousness of various

parties especially government in helping those children from the

poverty families to further their studies. All the school equipment

and payment will be supported by government like the

establishment of Tabung Warisan Anak Negeri (TAWAS).

Besides that, it can be seen for the secondary type of

academic background come from many stages of age in community

such as from the youth till the old generation. For youth, the reason

is they are not interested yet to further their studies in the upper

level even though they know the importance of high level of

studies in their future life. What is the important for them is to get

the jobs and get the profit from the salaries. Another reason is they

are not given to continue their studies due to the bad result in the

Malaysian Certificate of Education (MCE).

Meanwhile for the old generation those who have the

secondary academic achievement, most of them now are working

with government sector as office assistant, clerk and technician.

They start from the below stages and rank of salaries in the earlier

and they are lucky because of in their era, it is easier for them to

join or involve in government service. Now, the situation is

different, not all people can join this sector.

Next, for the tertiary group of academic background in

Kuala Kubu Bharu, there are some of them join the government

sector as government officer and some of them has worked with

private sector like banking either inside or outside Kuala Kubu

Bharu. But for the fresh graduate, they have suggestion to migrate

from Kuala Kubu Bharu to the big cities like Kuala Lumpur in

seeking the suitable jobs with their achievement due to the lack of

job opportunities in Kuala Kubu Bharu that meet with their

requirement and achievement.

In addition, the analysis proved that the level of education

among the residents is related with the socioeconomic growth in

that particular area whereby it will determine the types of

employment of the residents. The higher education of an

individual, the best types of employment that he or she can get and

further the best salary for their future life. It is also important for

the local authorities in providing the suitable types of employment

for their residents that meet the achievement of residents‟

academic.

Last, the interrelated between level of education among the

residents with socioeconomic can be seen also when there is more

educated people in that particular area. It indicates that more

people will have the best of their jobs and further shows that there

is lack of poverty problem in that area. Then, it will reduce more of

social problems in that particular area such as theft and robbery

whereby all of these social problems due to the poverty problem.

32

Scopes of studies

Issues and Problems

Verification

Recommendation

Employment

distribution

a) The lack of job opportunities for the secondary sector like

manufacturing and industries field.

b) The existences of illegal taxi drivers and hawkers that have no

their own valid licenses to operate their businesses.

a) There is only one small factory that provided in

Kuala Kubu Bharu. The consequence is most of

the person who want to join the industries field

must work outside the Kuala Kubu Bharu like

Serendah and Tanjung Malim.

b) It is popular among the retired group as their

side incomes to increase their pension rate and

fill their free time than doing nothing.

a) Provide light or medium industries or any commercial

activities like Giant hypermarket in Kuala Kubu Bharu

that given the job opportunities for the residents in Kuala

Kubu Bharu and it is agreed by some of the respondents

in their survey form.

b) Enhance the image of the illegal taxi driver by giving

them the valid permit to be as “tourism ambassador” for

Kuala Kubu Bharu area.

c) Programs for the retired group that will benefit and give

them some profits as their side income rather than their

low pension rate.

Monthly household

income

a)The possibilities of low income group to borrow

money from the non-licensed money lender due to

their financial problems. that

a) It may lead to other social problem like murder,

blackmail and etc.

a) Help from some of the departments and government

agencies like Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat Malaysia

(JKMM) Lembaga Zakat Selangor (LZS) and Jabatan

Kebajikan Hal Ehwal Orang Asli (JKHEOA).

b) Monitoring of the existence of illegal money borrower by

the police in Kuala Kubu Bharu

Level of safety

a) Most of the social problems and crime cases like illegal racer and

vehicles theft are done by the teenagers and youth generation

including school students.

a) It indicates seems there are no activities and

programs for the youth in Kuala Kubu Bharu

for their pleasure time. Therefore the will

involve with non-beneficial activities like

illegal racer.

a) Built up a futsal court or sports centre for the youth

generation as their beneficial activities during the free

time. It is in line with government policies to build up

with “One District, One Futsal Court”.

Level of education

a) Poverty problems that eliminates someone for continuing study.

b) The lack of opportunities for fresh graduate at the university level

to work in their hometown.

a) Due to lack of job opportunities that meet with

their achievements. So, it may be lead them to

migrate outside the Kuala Kubu Bharu.

a) Education help for low income group especially those

under poverty lines.

b) Attract the investors to invest surrounding the Kuala

Kubu Bharu for increasing the jobs opportunities that

meet with the achievement of the fresh graduates.

33

S.W.O.T ANALYSIS

Scopes of studies Strength Weaknesses Opportunities Threat

Demography part -Has a variety ethnic population - Need to provide variety facilities. - Can provide variety development on the site - May lead to different economic status

according to different ethnic.

Employment

Distribution

-A lot of government agencies and

department in Kuala Kubu Bharu as

administrative center

-Majority of Malays join the government

sector compared to other ethnics.

- Lack of job opportunities for the secondary

sector like manufacturing and industries

field.

- A small number of retired groups that has

nothing to do after their retirement.

-Give the job opportunities for the residents

-The distance between working place and

residential area is near.

-A lot of government quarters in

KualaKubu Bharu due to some of the

quarters are quick old.

- The existences of illegal taxi drivers and

hawkers that have no their own valid

licenses to operate their businesses as their

side income.

Monthly household

income

Majority of the residents in Kuala Kubu

Bharu have their savings from their

monthly income which is 9%

-There are also a small number of the

residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu under the

poverty lines income which is under RM750

per month.

-The possibilities of low income group to

borrow money from the illegal money

borrower due to their financial problems

-The will be prepared if they have the financial

problems or emergencies in the future.

-Give the opportunities for some of government

agencies like Jabatan Kebajikan Masyarakat

(JKM) and Lembaga Zakat Selangor (LZS) to give

their help and it is called social empowerment.

-Lead to the social exclusion among these

poverty groups.

- Borrowing money from the illegal will

make others social problem like rape and

murder.

Level of safety -Lack of social problems and crime cases

in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

-The number of theft including motorcycles

and car theft is high and it is caused by the

local teenagers and youth who joined the

illegal rider.

-The residents life is safe and comfort

-The residents can do their routine activities freely

-Bad habit in young generations that may

lead to other social problems like robbery.

Level of education -The percentage people those have primary

academic background is low which is 12%

-But the percentage of people those have

secondary academic background is quick

high which is 64%.

-Lack of opportunities for fresh graduate at

the university level to work in their

hometown due to lack of job opportunities

-The number of primary academic group will be

reduced for the next several years due to most of

them come from the old generation.

-Wastage of the new labor force that will

help their hometown community.

-Increase the number of migration out of

Kuala Kubu Bharu especially among

young generation.

34

INTRODUCTION

ousing is the main sector that needs to be considered to

fulfill the necessities in a particular area. Therefore, the

provision of the houses should consider the priority of

residents to ensure the living environment in Kuala Kubu Bharu

can be more comfortable and have the entire requirements that the

resident need. In Kuala Kubu Bharu, housing area are most

occupied with the terrace houses as well as the government house.

Therefore most of the arrangements of the houses are well planned.

OBJECTIVES

In the housing sector there are some objectives set in this analysis

which include:

i. To identify the housing distribution according to the

types of houses

ii. To identify the density of houses in term of household

and acreage

iii. To investigate the housing material used in construction

as well as the housing condition

iv. To make projection of the housing in future and the

available land based on the population growth

SCOPE OF STUDY

1) Housing pattern and distribution

For the purpose of this analysis, distribution of houses can be

identified with two scopes which are characteristic of houses

and the types of house. The distribution of houses can also be

done to differentiate between government-owned houses and

private houses. The characteristic and types of houses can be

classified according to:

I. Distribution:

Terrace

Semi-detached house

Bungalow

Multi-storey houses

Village houses

Government Quarters

II. Housing density

Population density is a measurement of population per unit

area or unit volume. It is frequently applied to living organisms,

and particularly to humans. Density is important to identify the

suitability of the number of people in one place either it is

crowd or in a comfort condition. The development with less

than 8 units per acre is categorized as low density, between 9-

22 units per acre as medium density and above 23 units per

acre as high density.

2) Housing problem

Housing condition is referring to the structure of house; either

it is good or bad and the condition surround the housing area,

either clean or in improper management. Good conditioned

houses are identified when there are no cracks seen on the

building structure and roof without holes in it. They are also in

a good condition in terms of cleanliness and well managed

landscaping. Bad condition houses on the other hand are

identified when cracks can be seen on the building structure

and the roofs have holes in it.

3) Housing projection

Housing needs projection made is based on units of houses

projection and also housing land need in future. Units of houses

projection made based on estimate backlog, usual replacement

and new family expansion. For projection its land need made

based on land need and also standards from the Department of

Town and Country Planning.

H

3.3 HOUSING

35

3.3.1 HOUSING DISTRIBUTION AND PATTERN

FINDINGS

Generally, the pattern and distribution of housing in Kuala Kubu

Bharu are based from six main types of houses which includes

single and double storey terrace house, semi-detached house,

bungalow, village house as well as government quarters ( flats,

terrace, semi-detached houses, bungalow,).( Refer to Figure 3.4.1-

Figure 3.4.6). Overall area that covered by the housing is for about

300 acres. (Refer map 3.4.1 for current housing map KKB 2011)

Type and distribution of the housing can be categorized according

to their type, unit, area, and percentage. (Refer table 3.4.1 Current

housing distribution KKB 2011). Data can also been identified by

using the pie chart to see the clear distribution of the houses in

Kuala Kubu Bharu.

TYPE UNIT ACREAGE( ACRE) PERCENTAGE (%)

Terrace Single Storey 1036 54.51 28.4

Terrace Double Storey 265 7.98 7.2

Semi-Detached House 36 4.17 1.0

Bungalow 100 26.73 2.7

Village House 730 107.67 20.0

Government Quarters 1480 125.35 40.7

Total 3647 328.61 100

28.40%

7.20%

1%

2.70%

20%

40.70%

Type of Housing, Kuala Kubu Bharu, 2011

Single Storey

Double Storey

Semi-detached

Bungalow

Village House

GovernmentQuarters

Chart 3.3.1 Percentage of housing types 2011

Table 3.3.1 Percentage of housing types 2011

Figure 3.3.1

Single storey Terrace House

Figure 3.3.2

Double storey Terrace House

Figure 3.3.3

Semi-Detached House

Figure 3.3.4

Bungalow

Figure 3.3.5

Village House

Figure 3.3.6

Government Quarters

Source: Majlis Daerah Hulu Selangor

36

MAP DISTRIBUTION

37

MAP PLANNED AND UNPLANNED HOUSING

38

Data also can be analyzed by showing the previous and the future

data of the housing distribution. The purpose of comparing the data

is to identify the changes of the distribution and to forecast the

housing pattern of the future development.

Housing pattern and distribution are collected from the Secondary

source which is from the Jabatan Penilaian Majlis Daerah Hulu

Selangor. Table 3.4.2 Housing Pattern in 2008, 2011 and 2020

shows the different for each type of houses within the period of 12

years which include the number of houses in Kuala Kubu Bharu,

acreage as well as the percentage of the houses according to their

types.

28.40%

7.20% 1%

2.70%

20%

40.70%


Single Storey

Double Storey

Semi-detached

Bungalow

Village House

Government Quarters

28.40%

7.20% 1%

2.70%

20%

40.70%


Single Storey

Double Storey

Semi-detached

Bungalow

Village House

Government Quarters

COMPONENT

2008 2011 2020

Unit Acreage Percentage

(%)


(%)


(%)

Terrace Single

Storey

1036 54.51 30.05 1036 54.51 28.4 1036 54.15 25.14

Terrace Double

Storey

265 7.98 7.68 265 7.98 7.2 588 11.82 14.27

Semi-Detached

House

36 4.17 1.07 36 4.17 1 36 4.17 1.52

Bungalow 100 26.73 2.90 100 26.73 2.7 250 58.87 6.06

Village House 730 107.67 21.17 730 107.67 20 730 107.67 17.71

Government

Quarters

1280 123.35 37.13 1480 125.35 40.7 1480 125.35 35.3

Total 3447 326.41 100 3647 328.61 100 4120 364.13 100



Table 3.3.2 Housing pattern in 2008, 2011 and 2020



39

ANALYSIS

Housing pattern and distribution

Housing pattern and distribution for Kuala Kubu can be separated

into several types of houses. Each types of houss carries out different

units and due to that, it brings different percentage to the housing

distribution. Government quarters is the main types of houses that

exist in Kuala Kubu Bharu. This is due to the function of Kuala Kubu

Bharu which act as the Administrative Centre for Hulu Selangor

district. In addition, government quarters carries the largest

percentage for the housing units as there are many government

institution in Kuala Kubu Bharu such as Police Academy, Fire

Fighter Academy, Army and as well as the Police District Quarters.

The total number for government quarters is 1480 which is 40.8% out

of 100 percent. Single storey terrace houses can be seen as the second

highest percentage in Kuala Kubu Bharu which comprise of 28.40%.

This is due to the location of Hulu Selangor which located far away

from the urban area and more low cost housing scheme were

provided in order to cater the needs for the low income people live

there. In addition, it can be seen a lot of village houses in Kuala Kubu

Bharu which comprise almost 21 % of the total units of housing.

Almost half of the village houses located just in one village which

named Kampung Asam Kumbang. This happened because during

Malayan Emergency, all the comunist were allocated in one area in

order to monitoring them. Then after the Independence Day, they are

given the Land Title for their own house.

Comparision of Housing in 2008, 2011 and 2020

In the latest existing land use map, it can be seen some part of

the housing are increasing on the ground which some of it have

already finished been constructed and some of it just been a

commited development on the paper.

For the government quarters, in 2008 it consist of 1280 units

which carries 40 % of overall housing. It had increased to 1480 in

2011 as 200 units of apartment for the Police Academy staff have

been build. In the year 2020 projection, the number of houses

increase up to for about 3800 units. ( Refer to chart 3.4.4 Housing

unit in 2008, 2011 and 2020). This increases occur due to the new

settlement are going to be constructed as stated in the Hulu Selangor

Local Plan and most of it will be constructed on the vacant land that

exist in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

3.3.2 HOUSING DENSITY

FINDINGS

Housing density shows the customary method in determined the

intensity of development as a basic indicator of amenity and

environmental quality. To know the density of housing in each zone,

the sum of dwelling divided by the acreage of the area.

Housing Density: No. of dwelling

Acreage of area

Category Density / Acre

( Maximum)

Population / Acre

High Density 50 units 200 person

Medium Density 40 units 160 person

Medium Low Density 20 units 48 person

Low Density 12 units 24 person

Density of housing for the whole study area

Number of houses : 3647

Total Acreage : 1463.33 acres

: 2.49 acre

The calculation above shows that the density for the housing area

Kuala Kubu Bharu can be categorized as Low Density class.

3200

3300

3400

3500

3600

3700

3800

Units

2008

2011

2020

Chart 3.3.4 Housing units in 2008, 2011 and 2020

Source: Hulu Selangor Local Plan

Table 3.3.3 Housing Density

40

Basically there are four indicators to measure the density of the housing for each area and the indicator are based on the Table 3.4.3. from that

table, data had been produced to know which area in Kuala Kubu Bharu can be considered as low density or high density in term of the

housing intensity. Refer to Table 3.4.4 for the housing density according to each neighbourhood

BIL NAME UNITS ACREAGE HOUSE/ACRE CATEGORY

1 Taman Arif Utama 201 15.23 13/acre Medium Low Density

2 Taman Teratai 206 17.05 12/acre Low Density

3 Taman Kuala Kubu 72 9.8 7/acre Low Density

4 Kampung Kelapa 176 43.43 4/acre Low Density

5 Taman Juta 136 11.3 13/acre Medium Low Density

6 Kampung Padang Golf 147 21.3 7/acre Low Density

7 Kampung Orang Asli 42 8.8 4/acre Low Density

8 Taman Sri Kubu 23 7.35 3/acre Low Density

9 Rumah Murah Padang

Tembak

247 20.1 13/acre Medium Low Density

10 Taman Seruling 160 24 7/acre Low Density

11 Taman Pesara 71 16.8 4/acre Low Density

12 Kampung Asam Kumbang 365 54.11 7/acre Low Density

13 Taman Bukit Bunga 116 11 11/acre Low Density

14 Taman Selesa 205 6.68 30/acre Medium Low Density

15 Government Quarters 1480 125.35 11/acre Low Density

ANALYSIS

Housing density can be divided into four but in Kuala Kubu Bharu,

it just consist of two category of density which are medium low

density and low density. It can be seen from Chart 3.3.5, 80 %

from overall housing neighbourhood are in the Low Density and

20% can be classified as the Medium Low Density. Basically,

from the Table 3.4.4 there are four housing area that classified as

Medium Low Density which are Taman Arif Utama, Taman Juta,

Rumah Murah Padang Tembak, and Taman Selesa. All of these

housing areas consist of single-storey terrace houses and also can

be categorized as low-cost housing. Although these houses are

categorized as low cost house, but the density for that area are still

in the medium-low density as all of it are landed house which also

which are supported by other elements such as open space,

playground and so on.

In addition, we can see from the table that is some low-

density area where it consists of average six houses per acre. This

is due to the land of that area had been subdivided into some lot for

an acre of land. Basically an acre will be divided maximum up to

six lots per acre. That is why number of houses for that area is less

compared with the terrace houses.

Government quarters also been categorized as the low

density. Although there are apartments units of government

quarters which are the District Police Quarters, Fire Fighter

Quarters, Police academy quarters, but the total units of houses for

government quarters had been divided with the total land of that

area. That is the reasons why there are some quarters are not

categorized as high density even it consist of high rise building.

Refer to map 3.4.2 for map indicates the location for low density

and medium-low density housing area.

20.00%

80.00%


Medium LowDensity

Low Density

Chart 3.3.5 Percentage of housing density


Table 3.3.4 Housing Density according to neighborhood

41

MAP DENSITY

42

3.3.3 HOUSING CONDITION

There are commonly three types of material that been used to build a

house which are brick, brick + wood and wood. In Kuala Kubu

Bharu, 122 houses using wood, 374 houses using wood + brick and

the rest 3217 houses are using brick. Refer to Map 3.4.3 for location

of houses according to the material used in construction.

Besides, housing condition can be classified into three parts which are

bad, moderate and good. In Kuala Kubu Bharu, there are two

different ownership of houses which are owned by individual as well

as owned by the government. Most of the government houses in a

moderate condition as well as the private houses and some of it need

to be improved in term of the physical form as it located in the centre

of the town.Refer to map 3.4.5 for the location of housing area that

are in their own condition. Table above shows the condition of each

neighbourhood and also the government quarters.

0.00%20.00%40.00%60.00%80.00%

100.00%

3.30% 10.20%

86.70%

Percentage of Housing Materia)

Wood

Wood +Brick

Unit

Types Material Total

Wood Wood +

Brick

Brick

Units 122 374 3151 3647

Percentage (%) 3.3 10.2 86.7 100

BIL NAME TYPES UNITS CONDITION

1 Taman Arif Utama Terrace Single Storey 201 Moderate 1250

2 Taman Teratai Terrace Single Storey 170 Good

3 Taman Teratai Terrace Double Storey 36 Good

4 Taman Kuala Kubu Terrace Single Storey 50 Moderate

5 Taman Kuala Kubu Semi-Detached, Bungalow 22 Good

6 Kampung Kelapa Village House 176 Moderate

7 Taman Juta Terrace Single Storey 108 Moderate

8 Taman Juta Terrace Double Storey 28 Good

9 Kampung Padang Golf Village Houses 147 Good

10 Kampung Orang Asli Village Houses 42 Bad, Moderate 130

11 Taman Sri Kubu Bungalow 23 Good

12 Rumah Murah Padang Tembak Terrace Single Storey 247 Moderate

13 Taman Seruling Terrace Single Storey 160 Good

14 Taman Pesara Village Houses 71 Good 787

15 Kampung Asam Kumbang Village Houses 365 Bad, Moderate, Good

16 Taman Bukit Bunga Terrace Single Storey 96 Moderate

17 Taman Bukit Bunga Semi-Detached 20 Good

18 Taman Selesa Terrace Single Storey 205 Moderate

Total 2167 units

BIL NAME TYPES CONDITION

1 Fire Fighter Quarters Apartment, Terrace houses Good

2 Police Quarters Apartment Bad

3 Police Academy Quarters Apartment Good

4 Army Quarters (High Officer) Terrace house Good

5 Army Quarters (Low Officer) Semi-Detached, Bungalow Good

6 Forestry Quarters Village House Moderate

7 JKR Quarters Terrace house Moderate

8 Hospital Quarters Apartment, Terrace house Moderate

9 PPD Quarters Terrace house Good

10 MDHS Quarters Semi-detached, Bungalow Bad, Moderate

Total 1480 units

Table 3.3.5 Housing Material

Table 3.3.6 Housing condition for each neighbourhood

Table 3.3.7 Housing condition for each government quarters

Chart 3.3.6 Percentage of Material for Construction

43

MAP MATERIAL

44

MAP CONDITION

45

ANALYSIS

Housing Constuction Material

In this analysis, it shows that most of the houses in Kuala Kubu Bharu

are made up of bricks. It is due to the highest number of terrace

houses as well as the government houses whereby most of these

building started to be constructed since 1960‟s. During that time,

people start to use brick as the building materials as the brick long-

lasting material compared with the wood. ( Refer to Figure 1.7,

Figure 1.8 and Figure 1.9) for houses that construced using wood,

wood + brick and fully brick.

Housing Condition

Based on the analysis made, it can be seen most of the houses in

Kuala Kubu Bharu is at a satisfactory level. This is due to the most of

the houses at there were constructed using long-lasting material

(bricks). That is why most of the houses were still at a level that does

not require any replacement. In addition, almost half or the

percentage of the housing in Kuala Kubu Bharu are dominated by the

government quarters and it is government responsible to ensure the

quarters are in a good condition. (Refer to Figure 1.10, Figure 1.11

and 1.12) to have a look on some example of housing condition.

0.00%

20.00%

40.00%

60.00%

80.00%

100.00%

6.00%

57.60%

36.40%

Percentage of Housing Condition (Private House)

BAD

MODERATE

GOOD

0.00%

20.00%

40.00%

60.00%

80.00%

100.00%

15.00% 35.00%

50.00%

Percentage of Housing Condition (Government Quarters)

BAD

MODERATE

GOOD

0.00%

20.00%

40.00%

60.00%

80.00%

100.00%

15.00% 35.00%

50.00%

Overall Percentage of Housing Condition

BAD

MODERATE

GOOD

Figure 3.3.6

House using wood

Figure 3.3.6

House using wood + brick

Figure 3.3.6

House using brick

Figure 3.3.6

Bad Conditions

Figure 3.3.6

Moderate Conditions

Figure 3.3.6

Good Conditions Chart 3.3.9 Overall Percentage of Housing Condition

Chart 3.3.8 Percentage of Housing Condition (Government)

Chart 3.3.7 Percentage of Housing Condition (Private)

46

3.3.4 HOUSING PROJECTION

Housing projection need to be done in order to estimate the housing

growth in line with the population growth. Population projection

would be a base for the housing projection and it will be an indicator

for the housing demand for Kuala Kubu Bharu from year 2011 until

2020. For housing projection, it involves new housing development

and upgrading the current existing housing area and covers planned

and unplanned housing area. In year 2011, there are 3, 647 units of

houses. While in year 2020 projection, the number of houses will

increases up to 4,120 units of houses.

ANALYSIS

Based on the table 3.4.8 Housing Projection, it can be seen there

are some additional in the number units of houses especially for

the bungalow and the semi-detached houses. The provision of the

high cost houses are much more than other types of houses are due

to create the balance development between the low cost houses and

the high cost development. This is due to enhance the image of

Kuala Kubu Bharu as a place that has various types of housing to

fulfill the needs of the demand.

Types 2011 2020

Terrace Single Storey Unit Acreage Percentage

(%) Unit Acreage

Percentage

(%)

Terrace Double Storey 1036 54.51 28.4 1036 54.15 25.14

Semi-Detached House 265 7.98 7.2 588 11.82 14.27

Bungalow 36 4.17 1 36 4.17 1.52

Village House 100 26.73 2.7 250 58.87 6.06

Government Quarters 730 107.67 20 730 107.67 17.71

Total 1480 125.35 40.7 1480 125.35 35.3

Terrace Single Storey 3647 328.61 100 4120 364.13 100

Table 3.3.8 Housing Projection


47

MAP PROJECTION 2020

48

ISSUES

ISSUES VERIFICATION RECOMMENDATION

Dilapedated houses

In several parts of the housing area, the condition of houses

especially the village houses are not in a good condition as the owner

does not have enough money to renovate their house

Give some initiatives for the owner to enhance the image of the

houses

Abondened Houses

Abondened houses can always bring negative impoct of that area. this

kind of houses can bring harm for the residents as it can increase

social problem such as drug, raped and so on.

Improve or renovate the abondened house in order to enhance the

image of the town whereby some of the houses located.

Repair the old British houses that still good enough to conserve

the heritage of the building

Vacant House

There are some houses in Kuala Kubu Bharu not been occupied

especially at Taman Seruling. This id due to that housing area is just

for those who work with the army.

This housing area should be open for others public either for rent

or for sell.

House act as a grocery

Some of the houses in Kuala Kubu Bharu are being used as a grocery

and also as a workshop. This problem may leads to the disturbance

for the residents there as it can harm the residents if something

unexpected happen.

Enforcement for the misuse of the housing area that may harm the

residents

Replacement for the illegal commercial to the proper commercial

area

49

SWOT ANALYSIS

STRENGHT WEAKNESS OPPURTUNITY THREAT

Provide housing for the workers in the

administation field

Still have land that available and suitable to

be developed as housing areas

Prices of houses still cheap

A lot of houses are still do not be occupied

Condition of houses that need to be improved

A lot of abondend houses that does not been

utilized

Development of housing to support other

sectors activity

Location of Kuala Kubu Bharu which

surrounded by the hilly area that can attract

the high income people to live in it as it have

a good environment.

Commited housing development that does not

been constructed yet due to some problems.

Problem to upgrading the houses in bad

condition as some of it owned by the

individual.

50

Zone 1 59% Zone 2

1% Zone 3 2%

Zone 4 9%

Zone 5 2%

Zone 6 85%

Percentages of Commercial Area at Kuala Kubu Bharu

INTRODUCTION

ommercial and services is the main activity centre and is

the foundation that supports the physical and economic

growth of a city or settlement centre. Commercial and

services plays a key role in accelerating the growth of the urban

economy that is dynamic, progressive, competitive and resilient

and also the main contributing factor to the development level of

provision of services to residents either in urban areas or centres of

settlements.

OBJECTIVES

These are the objectives of the commercial and services sector for

Kuala Kubu Bharu.

To identify the commercial patterns and distribution at

Kuala Kubu Bharu.

To examine the commercial‟s building conditions.

To find the premises ownership according to ethnic.

To carry out the commercial projection for Kuala Kubu

Bharu town.

SCOPE OF STUDY

Identify the pattern and distribution:

Location

Acreage

Existing commercial area

Types of commercial activities

Number of shop houses

Examine the commercial‟s building condition by using

parameters:

Building height

Vacant or occupied floor area

Façade

Finding the percentage of premises ownership according to

ethnic:

Malay

Chinese

Indian

Others

Analyze the commercial projection from the identification

of demand, supply and total floor area occupied in order to

review the commercial development at Kuala Kubu Bharu.

ANALYSIS & FINDINGS

3.4.1 COMMERCIAL PATTERNS AND DISTRIBUTION

The commercial area at Kuala Kubu Bharu has been divided into 5

zones to make the observation and process easier. Each zone is

classified based on the location of the commercial area. Zone 1 is

basically comprises the commercial area at the town of Kuala Kubu

Bharu. Zone 2 is for Dataran KKB and Taman Seri Teratai. Zone 3

is for commercial areas that are located along Jalan Pahang. While

Zone 4 is for Taman Gamelan and Zone 5 is for commercial area at

Kampung Assam Kumbang. And lastly, Zone 6 is specifically for

Kuala Kubu Bharu rest house and golf course area. (Refer to Figure

3.4.1).

Based on commercial distribution that has been made, in

the year 2011, there were 12 commercial activities carried out in

Kuala Kubu Bharu in area of 143.97 acres. Commercial in Kuala

Kubu Bharu is focus in Zone 1; the town of Kuala Kubu Bharu

itself with8.15 %. While for the remaining zone which are Zone 2

is 1.25 %, Zone 3 2.44 %, Zone 4 1.46 %, Zone 5 1.73 % and Zone

6 84.97 % (refer to Table 3.4.1).

C

Source: Land Use Map Kuala Kubu Bharu, 2011

3.4 COMMERCIAL AND SERVICES

51

Table 3.4.1 Commercial Area in Kuala Kubu Bhru

Commercial Area Area

(Acres)

Percentages

(%)

Zone 1

Kuala Kubu Bharu Town

11.73 8.15

Zone 2

Dataran KKB,

Taman Seri Teratai

1.80 1.25

Zone 3

Along Jalan Pahang

3.52 2.44

Zone 4

Taman Gamelan

2.10 1.46

Zone 5

Kampung Baru Assam Kumbang

2.49 1.73

Zone 6

KKB Rest House and Golf Course

122.33 84.97

Total 143.97 100


The commercial patterns and distribution for Kuala Kubu Bharu is

more concentrated in Zone 1 which is Kuala Kubu Bharu town. The

pattern of commercial area at Zone 1 is grid iron. This can be seen in

Figure showing the plan of commercial at Zone 1.

At Zone 2, the commercial area is linear at Taman Seri Teratai but

for Dataran KKB it is clustered as it is a structured that comprises

many commercial units in it. Zone 3 is considered as linear as the

commercial area is located along Jalan Pahang- Tanjung Malim. For

Zone 4, the commercial building is clustered and for Zone 5 the

commercial area is scattered. Zone 6 shows the patterns and

distribution of commercial area at Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Figure 3.4.1 Plan area according to zone

52

Table 3.4.2 Commercial pattern and distribution

Commercial Area Development Pattern Commercial Activity

Zone 1


Grid Iron

Kuala Kubu Bharu town.

(47459.58 m2)

Retails

Services

Food & beverages

Offices

Market

Finance institution and insurance

Hotel and accommodation

Health Institution & pharmacy

Entertainment

Private academic institution

Association

Store/Garage

Zone 2

Dataran KKB,

Taman Seri Teratai

Linear Along Jalan Seri Teratai at Taman Seri Teratai.

(719.62 m2)

Clustered

Dataran KKB.

(6543.61 m2)

Food and beverages

Services

Retails

Zone 3

Along Jalan Pahang

Linear

Along Jalan Pahang - Tanjung Malim.

(14241.92 m2)

Food and beverages

Services

Office

Financial institution and insurance

Zone 4

Taman Gamelan

Clustered

At Taman Gamelan

(8496.90 m2)

Food and beverages

Services

Private academic institution

Health institution

Zone 5

Kampung Baru Assam Kumbang

Scattered

Along Jalan Pahang - Fraser Hill.

(10074.54 m2)

Food and beverages

Services

Zone 6

KKB Rest House and Golf Course

Clustered

(494947.18 m2)

Services

Hotel and accommodation


53

3.4.2 CURRENT COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES

In terms of types of commercial activities, field studies have been

carried out over the use of each level in every building in each zone

(Zone 1-6) in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Commercial activities in Kuala Kubu Bharu can be categorized

into 2 categories and each category has various types of

commercial activities.

Category 1 - Formal Commercial Activities

Defined as a formal business organization of economic activities

where all done in a formal business and operates in permanent /

semi-permanent building structure. All forms of data and

information for informal commercial activities of the study were

obtained from commercial survey research on all business

establishments operating in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

i. Offices (GO and NGO)

ii. Retails

iii. Market

iv. Financial institution and insurances

v. Hotel and accommodation

vi. Food and beverages

vii. Private academic institution

viii. Association

ix. Health institution

x. Pharmacy and medicine

xi. Entertainment

xii. Services

xiii. Store/Garage

Table 3.4.3 Type of formal commercial activities

Types of commercial activities Total

(Unit)

Percentages

(%)

Offices (GO and NGO) 13 7.2

Retails

-Groceries

- Wholesale

- Hardware

- Electrical Appliances

- Personal Need

41 22.8

Market 2 1.1

Financial Institution and Insurances 11 6.1

Hotel and Accommodations 4 2.2

Food and Beverages 40 22.2

Private Academic Institution 3 1.7

Association 2 1.1

Health Institution and Pharmacy 9 5.0

Entertainment

-Snooker

1 0.5

Services

-Telecommunication

-Petrol Pump

-Tailor

-Barber And Saloon

-Spa

-Boutique

-Clothing

-Spectacles

-Watches

-Book & Stationary

-Bicycle

-Accessories

-Shoes

-Florist

-Mortgage

-Laundry

-Photography Service

-Toto (Gambling)

-Workshop, Painting & Welding

12 30.0

Total (Unit) 138 100

Source: Field Study in Kuala Kubu Bharu, 2011

54

Kuala Kubu Bharu is an administrative town for Hulu Selangor

district. The town centre for Hulu Selangor is Batang Kali, where

the town becomes the transit for people to go to Genting Highland.

That is why commercial area in Batang Kali is developing more

than in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Kuala Kubu Bharu only has few types

of formal commercial activities as it serves the local people more

than the tourist or the people from the outside of the town.

The results showed that, there are 4 main types of commercial

activities in Kuala Kubu Bharu which are retails (22.8%), food and

beverages (22.2%), services (30.0%), and offices (7.2%).

From the data that have been collected, food and beverages are

dominance in all zones with the highest contribution is from level 1

in Zone 1 which is 15.68% from 185 unit oftype of commercial in

level 1 in Zone 1. Most of the types of food and beverages

premises are restaurants.

Offices are mostly can be found in Zone 1. Examples of offices

found are:

Pejabat Belia dan Sukan Daerah Hulu Selangor

(Kementerian Belia dan Sukan)

Lembaga Zakat Selangor MAIS

MARA

Pejabar Perdagangan Dalam Negeri Koperasi dan

Kepenggunaan KKB

Jabatan Imigresen Malaysia (Cawangan Kuala Kubu

Bharu)

Pejabat MCA Cawangan Kuala Kubu Bharu

Sekretariat Task Force Felda Negeri Selangor

One of the weakness of Kuala Kubu Bharu is there is no shopping

complex or supermarket found in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Residents in

Kuala Kubu Bharu need to go to Batang Kali (Econsave) and Bukit

Beruntung (TESCO) to get things from these two supermarkets.

55

There are about seven hotel and accommodation at Kuala Kubu Bharu commercial area such as

Hai Hin Hotel (Zone 1), Wing Wah Hotel (Zone 1), Rumah Rehat Seri Teratai (Zone 2) and KKB

Rest House (Zone 6).

From the survey had been asked to some of the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu, most of

them said that the commercial activities in the town is good enough to cater their needs, however

they still have to go to the other town such as Batang Kali or Tanjung Malim to get other goods

for example textiles. And they also said that Kuala Kubu Bharu is still less in choice offer on the

goods.

Most of retails in Kuala Kubu Bharu still portray the classical interior and goods

arrangement. This is due to the local residents that mostly are the retirees and old people. They

love to shop at those types of shophouses than in modern type of shopping place such as

hypermarket and supermarket.

There are also floor spaces used for home, garage and store, especially at the second floor

of shop houses in Zone 1. While workshops for vehicles services are found in all zones except for

Zone 2.

For the comparison of types of commercial activities according to zone, the diversity of

commercial activities in Zone 1 is greater than other zones. Zone 1 provides a wide range of

commercial activities to provide the demand for residents throughout the town. While for the

other zones, the zone is mostly to provide the demand for local people in that area. Thus, Zones

2-5 only have less diversity in the types of commercial activities rather than in Zone 1. While in

Zone 6 it only consists of services and hotel and accommodation and has no retails nor food and

beverages. Source: Field Study in Kuala Kubu Bharu, 2011

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

Distribution of Formal Commercial Activities in Kuala Kubu Bharu

Distribution ofFormal CommercialActivities in KualaKubu Bharu

Commercial Activities

Zone

Zon

e 1

K

ual

a K

ub

u B

har

u

Tow

n

Zon

e 2

D

atar

an K

KB

, Ta

man

Ser

i Te

rata

i

Zon

e 3

Alo

ng

Jala

n

Pah

ang

Zon

e 4

Ta

man

Gam

elan

Zon

e 5

K

amp

un

g B

aru

Ass

am K

um

ban

g

Zon

e 6

KK

B R

est

Ho

use

an

d G

olf

Co

urs

e

Offices (GO and NGO)

9 - 2 2 - -

Retails 38 1 - 2 - -

Market 2 - - - - -

Financial Institution and Insurances

10 - 1 - - -

Hotel and Accommodation 4 1 - - - -

Food And Beverages 30 16 4 4 5 -

Health Institution 3 - - 1 - -

Pharmacy and Medicine 5 - - - - -

Services 12 1 3 7 10 1

Entertainment 2 - - - - -

Private Academic Institution 1 - - 2 - -

Association 2 - - - - -

Store/Garage/House 9 - - - - -

Total (Unit)

Table 3.4.4 Formal commercial activities according to zone

56

Table 3.4.5 Summary of Commercial Activities, Building Type and Building Condition Zone 1

Commercial Area Commercial Activities Physical Condition

Building Types (Unit) Building Condition (Unit) Building Structure (Unit)

Zone 1


Area: 11.73 acres

Total floor area: 47459.58 m2

Total Unit: 193

Total storey

1 storey = 13

2 storey = 178

3 storey = 12

4 storey = 1

5 storey = 1

Type of commercial at level 1 (unit)

Offices (8) 4.32%

Food and beverages (29) 15.68%

Retails (65) 35.16%

Financial Institution and Insurance (7) 3.78%

Hotel and Accommodation (1) 0.54%

Market (2) 1.10%

Entertainment (1) 0.54%

Health Institution and Pharmacy (5) 2.70%

Services (54) 29.2%

Association (1) 0.5%

Store/Garage/House (12) 6.5%

___________________________________________

Total = (185 unit) 100%

Type of commercial at level 2

Offices (19) 11.95%


Private Academic Institution (3) 1.89%

Single (1)

Terrace (245)

Complex (2)

Good (48)

Fair (144)

Poor (0)

Concrete (235)

Concrete and wood (11)

57

Health Institution (1) 0.63%


Services (5) 3.14%


Store/House (109) 58.9%

____________________________________________

Total = (159 unit) 100%


Offices (7) 38.90%





House (2) 11.11%

____________________________________________

Total = (18 unit) 100%




____________________________________________



Hotel and Accommodation (1) 100%

____________________________________________


62




Zone 2

Dataran KKB, Taman Seri

Teratai

Area: 1.83 acres


Total Unit: 7

Total storey

1 storey = 2

2 storey = 5


Food and beverages (2) 40%

Retails (1) 20%

Association (1) 20%

Service (1) 20%

____________________________________________




House (2) 66.66%

____________________________________________


Single (1)

Terrace (5)

Complex (1)

Good (1)

Fair (6)

Poor (0)

Concrete (7)


64




Zone 3

Along Jalan Pahang

Area: 3.52 acres


Total Unit: 9

Total storey

1 storey = 4

2 storey = 4


Offices (2) 22.22%


Retails (3) 33.33%


Services (2) 22.22%

____________________________________________



Offices (4) 100%

____________________________________________


Single (4)

Terrace (4)

Good (7)

Poor (1)

Concrete (4)

Wood (0)


66




Zone 4

Taman Gamelan

Area: 2.10 acres


Total Unit: 26

Total storey

1 storey = 5

2 storey = 21


Offices (2) 10.53%



Retails (2) 10.53%

Health Institution (1) 5.26%

Services (9) 47.37%

____________________________________________



Offices (1) 6.67%


Services (2) 13.33%

House (10) 66.67%

____________________________________________


Terrace (26)

Fair (26)

Concrete (26)


Polycarbonate and steel (1)

68




Zone 5

Kampung Baru Assam

Kumbang

Area: 2.49 acres


Total Unit: 19

Total storey

1 storey = 19



Services (10) 58.82%

____________________________________________


Terrace (19)

Fair (9)

Poor (10)


Zone 6

KKB Rest House and Golf

Course

Area: 122.33 acres


Total Unit: 2

Total storey

1 storey = 1

3 storey = 1

Type of commercial at this zone

Hotel and accommodation (1) 50.00%

Services (1) 50.00%

____________________________________________


Single (2) Good (2)

Concrete (2)

71

Category 2 – Informal Commercial Activities

Informal business activity is defined as hawking which is

permanent and temporary. In general, permanent hawking is does

have its own buildings and their sites, while temporary hawking

does not have a permanent site and it is constantly changing from

one place to another place. The study was carried out involving

hawkers trading in individual stalls, food courts, also night markets

and the morning markets.

i. Food and beverages

ii. Clothing and accessory

iii. Houseware

iv. Groceries

Table 3.4.10 Informal Commercial Activities in Kuala Kubu

Bharu

Types of commercial activities Total

(Unit)

Percentages

(%)

Food and Beverages 24 32.4

Clothing and accessory 31 41.9

Houseware 8 10.8

Groceries 11 14.9

Total (Unit) 74 100



The night market (pasar malam) in Kuala Kubu Bharu, only occur

on the 9th and 29th day of every month because this is the day

where the residents of Kuala Kubu Bharu get their monthly salary.

05

101520253035

Distribution of Informal Commercial Activities in Kuala Kubu Bharu

Distribution of InformalCommercial Activities inKuala Kubu Bharu

72

3.4.3 COMMERCIAL’S BUILDING CONDITIONS

i. Building height and storey

Table 3.4.11 Commercial Activities According to Floor

Commerci

al area

Level

/storey

Types of commercial activities

Off

ices

Ret

ail

s

Ma

rket

Fin

an

cia

l

Inst

itu

tio

n

Ho

tel

an

d

Acc

om

mod

ati

on

Fo

od

an

d

Bev

era

ges

Hea

lth

In

stit

uti

on

Ph

arm

acy

an

d

Med

icin

e

Ser

vic

es

En

tert

ain

men

t

Pri

va

te

Aca

dem

ic

Ass

oci

ati

on

Sto

re/G

ara

ge

/Ho

use

Zone 1

Kuala

Kubu

Bharu

Town

1 8 65 2 7 1 29 5 - 54 1 - 1 12

2 17 - - 7 6 - 1 - 5 - 3 9 109

3 7 - - 3 1 - - - - - 2 3 2

4 - - - - 1 - - - - - - 1 -

5 - - - - 1 - - - - - - - -

Zone 2

Dataran

KKB,

Taman

Seri

Teratai

1 - 1 - - 2 - - 1 - - 1

2 - - - - 1 - - - - - - - 2

3 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

4 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

5 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Zone 3

Jalan

Pahang

1 2 3 - 1 - 1 - - 2 - - - -

2 4 - - - - - - - - - - -

3 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

4 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

5 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Zone 4

Taman

Gemilang

1 2 2 - 1 - 2 1 - 9 - - - -

2 1 - - - - - - - 2 - 2 - 10

3 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

4 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

5 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Zone 5

Kampung

Baru

Assam

Kumbang

1 - - - - - 7 - - 12 - - - -

2 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

3 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

4 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

5 - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Zone 6

KKB Rest

House and

Golf

Course

1 - - - - 1 - - - 1 - - - -

2 - - - - 1 - - - - - - - -

3 - - - - 1 - - - - - - - -

Total

(Unit)

41 71 2 19 15 41 7 - 86 1 7 15 135


Most of the height of commercial building in Kuala

Kubu Bharu is 2-storey shophouses. Only few of

shophouses are single storey, 3-storey, and 5-storey.

From the data, it can be concluded that Kuala

Kubu Bharu has not many high commercial

building.

The old buildings from the colonial era are

mostly 2-storey. While the post modernism building

are varies on building height, according to the owner

decision whether to make it 2 or 3-storey.

Financial Institutions building are mostly 3-

storey such as Agro Bank and Maybank.

There is only one building that is 5-storey

which is Hotel Seri Melati.

The variation of building height makes the

commercial area especially commercial area in Zone

1to have uneven skyline.

i. Vacant or occupied floor and vacancy lot

Unstandardize skyline

because of different height

and vacant lot.

73

Table 3.4.12 Premises Vacancy in Kuala Kubu Bharu

Zone Status

Vacant Lot Vacant Building Occupied

1 36 5 189

2 - 2 5 3 - 3 8 4 - 7 17

5 - 2 15

6 - - 2

Total 36 19 236

Source: Field study in Kuala Kubu Bharu, 2011

The factor that cause the vacancy of premises in Kuala Kubu Bharu maybe because of the type or design

of building that not meet the demand of the current market. The physical condition of the building,

accessibility, move outto new building and buyer factor maybe influence the premises vacancy rate in

Kuala Kubu Bharu.

People tend to rent or own the shoplots rather than shophouses. This is because shoplots is more

practical in utilising the floor area than shophouses. If a person want to rent/buy a shoplot, they can

make choices whether to have the first floor or the second floor, but shophouses comprising both floor,

which sometimes they did not need one of the floor that they have. Thus, this brings the floor vacancy at

the premises.

The physical condition of the building also plays important role as people will rent or own shophouses

that is in good condition as to lower the renovation and maintenance cost.

There is one 3-storey vacant building in Jalan Dato‟ Muda Jaafar which the building is used as Agro

Bank before the bank move out to the new building at Jalan Kamarudin. (Refer to the Picture beside in

Zone 1)

The location of shophouses in Zone 1 also not strategic as the commercial area is not near to the main

road (Jalan Pahang). Not many people will head to the town as they cannot see the commercial area from

the main road. So, the tendency to people from the outside to drop by and buy something at the

commercial area of the town is less.

Pictures show some of the vacant shophouses in Kuala Kubu Bharu

75

ii. Building façade and condition

Kuala Kubu Bharu is an old historical town. The historical

element can be seen on the façade and design in most of the

shophouses in the town (Zone 1). In order to enhance Kuala

Based on the site observational studies, most of old commercial

buildings in the Kuala Kubu Baru is still exist since 1930 auntill

now. Most of the buildings are made of concrete & wood. While

the new generation shopshouses are made of concrete and

polycarbonate.

The shophouses built during the colonization mostly still in good

condition but need repair and conservation (moderate).

This is very important because it indirectly help to improve the

image of Kuala Kubu Baru. Kubu Bharu as the administrative

centre, the building façade and condition of the building should be

taken into account as it can attract tourist and buyers to come or

drop by and do the trading activities. Table below shows the

building condition for the commercial area in Zone 1.

Numbering of commercial

row

No. of lot in a

row

No. of infill

land

Building façade condition

Good Moderate Poor

1 14 - 2 12 -

2 14 12 1 1 -

3 14 - 11 3 -

4 14 7 1 6 -

5 14 - - 14 -

6 14 10 - 4 -

7 14 - 1 13 -

8 14 3 2 9 -

9 14 - - 14 -

10 8 - - 8 -

11 14 1 3 10 -

12 1 - - 1 -

13 9 - 2 7 -

14 1 - 1 - -

15 9 - 1 8 -

16 9 2 - 7 -

17 5 1 1 3 -

18 9 - 1 8 -

19 9 1 2 6 -

20 9 7 2 - -

21 6 - 1 5 -

22 9 1 3 5 -

23 9 4 3 2 -

24 9 4 5 - -

25 10 - - 10 -

26 1 - - 1 -

Total 253 53 40 147 -

77

VISUAL ILLUSTRATION LOCATION CONDITION

Commercial row area no. 1


Jalan Dato‟ Tabal

(no. 1 & 2)

No. 1:

Most of the shophouses have moderate & good

façade condition.

No. 2:

The building has good façade condition.



Jalan Mat Kilau

(no. 3, 4, 5 & 6)

No. 3 & 5:

Shophouses in these rows ensemble the neo-

classical design. And they have good façade

condition.

No. 4 & 6:

Row 4 and 6 have some shophouses with good,

moderate, and poor façade condition.


Jalan Dato‟ Muda Jaafar

(no. 7, 8 &9)

No. 7 & 9:

Shophouses in these two rows have good façade

condition.

No. 8:

There are some shophouses with good, moderate,

and poor façade condition in this row.

78




Jalan Dato‟ Muda Jaafar

(no. 10 &12)

No. 10 & 12:

These two lots are comprised of two markets which

are Pasar Awam KKB and Pasar Peladang KKB.

Pasar Avam KKB has good façade condition while

Pasar Peladang has moderate façade condition.


Jalan Dato‟ Balai

(no. 11)

No. 11:

There are some shophouses with good, moderate,

and poor façade condition.


Jalan Abd Hamid

(no. 13, 15, & 16)

Jalan Rasathurai

(no. 14)

No. 13:

This row has good and moderate façade condition.

No. 14:

This row has good façade condition.

No. 15:

This row has good and moderate façade condition.

No. 16:

This row has good, moderate and poor façade

condition.

79




Jalan Kamarudin

(no. 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, &

22)

No. 17, 18, & 19:

Mostly the buildings in these three rows have good

and moderate façade condition.

No. 20, 21, & 22:

Row 20, 21 and 22 have good, moderate, and poor

façade condition.



(no. 23, 24, 25, & 26) No. 23 & 24:

Row no 23 has good and moderate, while row 24

has moderate and poor façade condition.

No. 25 & 26:

These two rows consist of 1-storey commercial

building. They have moderate and poor façade

condition.

80

3.4.4 PREMISES OWNERSHIP

Table below shows the distribution of premises ownership according to the race.

More than half of the owners of commercial unit in Kuala Kubu Bharu initiated by

Chinese with 38.97% and mostly they are existed at Zone 1 and Zone 5. Besides

the Chinese, Malay also has 32.8% of total commercial unit existing in Kuala

Kubu Bharu. Most of them located at Zone 1 and Zone 4. While the remaining

balances are Indians and Others with 1.68% and 0.20% respectively.

If seen from the nature of commercial activities conducted in Kuala Kubu Bharu,

commercial activities are dominated almost entirely by Chinese which includes the

retails, food and beverages, hotel and accommodation, services and also housing.

Chinese dominated the commercial activities than Malay because of mostly Malay

work as government servant while Chinese used to involve in business. Indians

also mostly work as government servant so only a little of them involve in

business.

Table 3.4.13 The premises ownership of formal commercial activities.


Figure at the right show the plan for premises ownershipof formal commercial

activities according to race and according to each zone respectively. For Zone 1,

the plans are only show the premises ownership for level 1 – 3 only because of

level 4 and 5 has the same premises ownership which is Indians, for the ownership

of Hotel Seri Melati.

Table 3.4.12 The premises ownership of informal commercial activities.

Race Malay Chinese Indian Others Total

All Zone 38 23 13 - 74

Percentages

(%)

51.4 31.1 17.6 - 100

Local participation in informal activities is much higher compared to the formal

business pioneered by the Chinese.

Factors such as large capital requirements and labor is the cause why many local

businessmen are more focused on the informal business in which many of them are

doing business, managed by their own family members.

Types Of

Commercial

Malay % Chinese % Indians % Others % Not

Applicable

% Total

Zone 1 36 14.12 150 58.82 15 5.88 3 1.18 51 20.00 255

Zone 2 5 83.33 1 16.67 - - - - - - 6

Zone 3 2 25.00 2 25.00 - - - - 4 50.00 8

Zone 4 15 62.50 8 33.33 1 4.17 - - - - 24

Zone 5 - - 17 100.00 - - - - - - 17

Zone 6 1 50.00 1 50.00 - - - - - - 2

Total (Unit) 58 184.95 178 233.82 16 10.5 3 1.18 57 170.00 312

89

3.4.5 COMMERCIAL PROJECTION

The current supply of floor space area in Kuala Kubu Bharu is

estimated about 96982.60 m2. While the required floor space area

based on the population in year 2011 is about 22345.50 m2. This

shows that there are surplus in supply than demand of floor space

area in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Area Population Estimation

of current

floor space

area (m2)

in year

2011

Required

floor space

area based

on

population

in year 2011

Shortage(-)

/Surplus (+) of

supply than

demand of

floor space

area (2011)

Kuala

Kubu

Bharu

14897 96982.60 22345.50 +74637.10

Population for Kuala Kubu Bharu in year 2020 has been projected

about 15866 people. Therefore, in year 2020 the projection of floor

space area that required for the town is about 23799.00 m2. So, at

that time the floor space area in Kuala Kubu Bharu should enough

to serve the various types of commercial activities that will be

provided to cater the demand of the residents.

ISSUES

ISSUE VERIFICATION PERILIMINARY RECOMMENDATION

Dataran KKB (Zone 2) does not

resemble the identity and image

of KKB as Garden City and

administrative town.

Dataran KKB should be the landmark of KKB as

the location is strategically located at the junction

of Route 1 (Tanjung Malim-Rawang).

Upgrade Dataran KKB to be one stop centre for

food and beverages or make the place as the place

for bazaar type commercial area as to promote

KKB as interesting place to be visited.

The redevelopment of vacant lots There are many vacant lots in KKB but the lots

have been zone as commercial but no

Encourage traders to diversify its range of goods

as to improve the choice and option of the

consumer such as textiles, and housewares. Also,

identify a product that can be used as 'trademark'

in Kuala Kubu Bharu to attract visitors to spend.

Commercial‟s building height

particularly uneven and the

variation of building façade.

A few shophouses had been renovate without

maintain the original design and structure. Thus,

this makes the old building loss it unique design.

Besides, there are buildings with varies height in

a row and causing the uneven skyline.

Any repair or reconstruction of shop must sustain

the existing facade. An action plan on controlling

the commercial‟s building height must be made.

The use of vacant lot as garage

and non-permanent structure

shop.

There are some of the commercial activities

conducted in the vacant lot such as restaurant,

garage and services.

Furthermore, the vacant lot between the shop

houses causes the uneven skyline and affects the

visual quality.

The vacant lot should be developed by „in-fill

development‟ as it can increase the floor space

area of commercial and improve the visual quality

of the town.

SWOT ANALYSIS

Strength Weakness Opportunities Threat

Kuala Kubu Bharu is a transit town

for the tourist to go to Fraser Hill.

So, the tourist may drop by and buy

something before they continue

their journey up to Fraser Hill.

The commercial area is located

in the town, not along the main

road. People unable to see any

commercial activities without

come into the town.

The promotion of Fraser

Hill and other tourism place

such as Chilling Waterfall

as the next choice

destination will increase the

people from outside to come

to Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Batang Kali will attract more people

to spend at their commercial area

rather than Kuala Kubu Bharu as

Batang Kali has wide range of choice

and option of goods.

90

INTRODUCTION

ublic facilities satisfy specific individual or community

needs - including safety and security, communication,

recreation, sport, education, health, public administration,

religious, transportation, welfare, cemetery, cultural and social.

Public facilities are generally regarded as the responsibility of

government, whether central, regional or local, and more often than

not are provided by government institutions.

Public facilities can be divided into several elements that

need to analyse which are educational facilities, administration

facilities, health facilities, cultural facilities, safety facilities,

religious facilities, recreational facilities, transportation facilities,

cemeteries and welfare facilities.

OBJECTIVES

The objectives of analysing the facilities in Kuala Kubu Bharu are:

1. To identify the numbers, types, and distribution pattern of

the public facilities provided.

2. To determine the location of public facilities in order to

provide better accessibility and mobility from one place to

the other place.

3. To identify the existing condition of the existing public

facilities in order to enhance and extend the services

provided based on the population.

4. To identify the catchment area of the facilities of the

facilities provided in the site.

3.5.1 EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES

Education is the one of important parts in planning which need to

provide in order to give education to the residents of an area. The

provision of each types of educational institution must according to

planning guideline in order to ensure that all facilities provided can

cater the population of an area. The suitability of the location of

each educational institution also needs to consider because it can

help to determine the access to the schools provided. Besides,

existing condition of the structure of the building itself can also be

one of the elements that need to be analysed.

SCOPES OF STUDY

The study of educational facilities comprises of several scopes

which are:

The types of educational institutions provided in study area

which include primary, secondary and tertiary educational

institutions.

The existing condition of the building itself either needs to

enhance or not.

The adequacy of provision of educational institutions and

location of each type of educational institutions.

The accessibility for residents in study area to the

educational institutions and access for people outside study

area to go to the educational institutions.

The catchment area and population from the educational

institutions provided in study area to the surrounding area.

DATA COLLECTION

Process of data collection has been made during field study in

Kuala Kubu Bharu. The data that need to be collected can be

divided into two which are primary and secondary data. For the

primary data, the data that need to be collected are the location,

types, number of educational facilities, existing condition and

issues in study area. The secondary data also have been collected

by visiting related department such as Hulu Selangor District

Office to get the map, acreage and percentage of open space in

Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Pictures below shows the existing conditions of some schools in

Kuala Kubu Bharu that had been observed during field study.

Schools Name of schools

Sekolah Kebangsaan Kuala

Kubu Bharu Dua

Sekolah Kebangsaan Kuala

Kubu Bharu Satu

Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan

( Chienese ) Khing Ming

P

3.5 PUBLIC FACILITIES

91

Tables below show types, number, and acreages of schools in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Primary schools in Kuala Kubu Bharu

No. Schools No. of students No. of teachers Total class Class ratio Acreage

1 Sekolah Kebangsaan Kuala Kubu Bharu 256 39 17 1:15 5

2 Sekolah Kebangsaan Tun Abdul Razak 192 19 6 1:32 3

3 Sekolah Kebangsaan Kuala Kubu Bharu Satu 347 33 14 1:25 3

4 Sekolah Kebangsaan Kuala Kubu Bharu Dua 328 32 13 1:25 5.5

5 Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan (Cina) Khing Ming 380 29 14 1:27 1.4

6 Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan (Tamil) Kuala Kubu Bharu 437 29 15 1:29 0.7

TOTAL 1940 181 79 - 18.6

Secondary schools in Kuala Kubu Bharu

No. Schools No. of students No. of teachers Total class Class ratio Acreage

1 Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Kuala Kubu Bharu 1276 100 41 1:31 6

2 Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Dato‟ Hj. Kamarudin 802 64 26 1:31 20

3 Sekolah Agama Menengah Tinggi Kuala Kubu Bharu 817 69 26 1:31 35.8

TOTAL 2895 233 93 - 61.8

Total number of primary and secondary schools

No. Types of schools No. of students No. of teachers Total class Class ratio Acreage

1 Primary schools 1940 181 79 - 18.6

2 Secondary schools 2895 233 93 - 61.8

TOTAL 4835 414 158 - 80.4

ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS

Kuala Kubu Bharu town centre can be classified as an

administrative centre in Hulu Selangor district. So, the facilities

provided in this area must be sufficient in order to strengthen the

function of this little town itself as an administrative centre. Same

goes to educational facilities in this area which need to take into

consideration especially in term of type, number, and population in

this study area.

Since educational institution holds a big percentage compared to

the other types of facilities in this area, it can be assumed that the

provision of schools and other institution are sufficient to this area.

Basically there are 9 schools which were provided in Kuala Kubu

Bharu which consist of 6 primary schools and 3 secondary schools.

Most of the schools provided located in the town centre of Kuala

Kubu Bharu. Otherwise, some schools located next to each other

and near to administrative centre or in other words it make the

parents feel easy to send and pick their children to school. Some

schools provided were located near to residential area or in other

words, time taken for the residents to schools is about 10 to 15

minutes. Besides, some schools located in front of the main road

might cause issues regarding the safety of children studying in that

particular school. As example, Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Tamil

Kuala Kubu Bharu located in front of main road in Kuala Kubu

Bharu town centre which at Jalan Dato Balai and it‟s also in front

of market and bus station. So, the location itself may cause issues

on the safety of children that study in this school. Besides that, the

existing condition of each type of schools provided in study area is

in good condition and not need to enhanced or upgraded. There are

also facilities provided in the school such as toilets, canteen, and

musolla which sufficient for students, teachers and visitors.

92

In term of population catchment area, schools provided can be said

sufficient to cater the residents in this study area since there are 9

schools all together in study area. Kuala Kubu Bharu has the total

28940 populations which include male and female and from this

population, only 4835 students studying in this area. The total

numbers of students studying in primary schools are 1940 which

include 6 primary schools such as Sekolah Kebangsaan Kuala

Kubu Bharu, Sekolah Kebangsaan Tun Abdul Razak, Sekolah

Kebangsaan Kuala Kubu Bharu Satu, Sekolah Kebangsaan Kuala

Kubu Bharu Dua, Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan (Cina) Khing Ming,

Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan (Tamil) Kuala Kubu Bharu and the total

numbers of students studying in secondary schools are 2895 which

include 3 secondary schools in study area such as Sekolah

Menengah Kebangsaan Kuala Kubu Bharu, Sekolah Menengah

Kebangsaan Dato‟ Hj. Kamarudin, Sekolah Agama Menengah

Tinggi Kuala Kubu Bharu. From this data, it can be said that the

number of teenagers in this study area is more than the children.

This can be clearly seen by the pie chart below.

Table 1

The different between the number of students studying in primary

and secondary is 19.74%.

3.5.2 TRAINING INSTITUTIONS

DATA COLLECTION

Kuala Kubu Bharu also has a lot of training institutions in the town

centre. The training institutions are army camp, fire-brigade camp

and the police academy. Table below shows the acreages of

training institution in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

The existing condition of each institution can be classified in a

good condition because the structure of the building still new and

not need to be enhanced. Picture below shows some of the existing

condition of training institutions in study area.


Based on the data that had been collected, it shows that Kuala

Kubu Bharu has a lot of educational institutions such as primary,

secondary and training institutions. The training institutions hold

big percentages compared to primary and secondary institutions.

Chart below shows comparison between the acreages of

educational institutions in Kuala Kubu Bharu and shows the

acreages of training institutions was the biggest compared to the

other educational institutions.

Besides that, these training institutions located at a suitable place

which in front of the main road in study area. So, it can easily be

accessed by the visitors to these training institutions. The existing

condition of those buildings can be considered in a good condition

since the structures of the buildings inside the camp still new. So,

there will be no proposal on the enhancement of these institutions

for now but may be in future.

40.13% 1940

students

59.87% 2895

students

THE PERCENTAGE OF STUDENTS STUDYING IN PRIMARY AND

SECONDARY SCHOOL

Primary school

Secondary school

0 20 40 60 80 100

PRIMARY SCHOOLS

SECONDARY SCHOOLS

TRAINING INSTITUTIONS

THE ACREAGES OF EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN KUALA KUBU BHARU

Training institutions Acreages

Army camp 13.54

Fire-brigade academy 14.64

Police academy 66.27

TOTAL 94.45

The training institutions in Kuala Kubu Bharu

93

PHOTOMAP OF CATCHMENT AREA OF PRIMARY

SCHOOLS IN KUALA KUBU BHARU

94

PHOTOMAP OF CATCHMENT AREA OF SECONDARY

SCHOOLS IN KUALA KUBU BHARU

95

PHOTOMAP OF TRAINING INSTITUTIONS

96

3.5.3 ADMINISTRATION

Kuala Kubu Bharu is an administrative centre of Hulu Selangor

District. A lot of administrative buildings such as court, Hulu

Selangor District Office and department of Drainage and Irrigation

and most of these departments were located in the town centre.

SCOPES OF STUDY

The scopes of analysing the administrative facilities in Kuala Kubu

Bharu are:

The types of offices provided in the study area.

The existing condition of the building itself either needs to

enhance or not.

The total number of administrative building in study area

and location of each department.

The accessibility of the administrative buildings to the other

part of the town and access from outside of the town to the

administrative centre.

DATA COLLECTION

Two types of data had been collected during field study in Kuala

Kubu Bharu which is primary and secondary data. For the primary

data, the data that need to be collected are the location, type,

number of recreational facilities, existing condition and issues in

study area. The secondary data also have been collected by visiting

related department such as Hulu Selangor District Office to get the

map, acreage and percentage of each administrative building in

Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Table below shows the types of departments that have been found

during field study in Kuala Kubu Bharu. There were 19

departments altogether in Kuala Kubu Bharu and most of them

located in the town centre. The total acreages of administrative

departments are 33.63 acre.

In term of accessibility, most of the offices have a good access

since the locations of each department are suitably located. It can

be clearly seen by referring the photomap provided in the next

attachment.

The existing condition of administrative building in study area can

be classified in a good condition at the same time, there is no issues

regarding the provision of administrative building in study area.

Types of office Location Acreage Percentage

(%)

Hulu Selangor District

Office

Jalan Bukit

Persekutuan

1.04 3.10

Jabatan Kerja Raya Jalan

Pahang

2.48 7.37

Land Office Department,

Jabatan Kerja Raya,

Department of Drainage

and Irrigation

Jalan Bukit

Persekutuan

5.62 16.71

Jabatan Pengangkutan Jalan Jalan

Pahang

2.60 7.73

Kuala Kubu Bharu Court Jalan

Pahang

0.97 2.88

Agensi Anti Dadah

Kebangsaan

Jalan Syed

Masyor

0.32 0.95

Pejabat Agama Islam Jalan

Pahang

7.57 22.51

Pejabat Pendidikan Daerah Jalan

Rasathurai

0.40 1.19

Pejabat Perhutanan Jalan

Pahang

0.24 0.71

Pejabat Risda Jalan

Padang

Tembak

1.79 5.32

Pejabat Kebajikan

Masyarakat

Jalan

Rasathurai

0.26 0.78

Ibu Pejabat Polis Daerah

Hulu Selangor

Jalan Bukit

Persekutuan

6.69 19.89

Post Office Jalan Abdul

Hamid

0.33 0.98

Department of health Jalan

Padang

Tembak

0.23 0.69

Telekom Malaysia office Jalan Dato

Balai

1.24 3.69

Veterinary Department Jalan

Padang

Tembak

1.54 4.58

Lembaga Zakat Selangor Jalan Syed

Masyor

0.31 0.92

TOTAL - 33.63 100

97

Table below, shows some of the pictures of administrative building

in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Types of departments Location

Hulu Selangor District Council

Located at Jalan Bukit

Kerajaan and near the main

road to Kuala Kubu Bharu.

The acreages of this office

are 1.04 acres and can be

easily access by the

residents and visitors.

Magistrates Court Kuala Kubu

Bharu

Located in front of the main

road which is Jalan Pahang.

It was a new building and it

is also in front of petrol

station and can be easily

access by the visitors and

residents.

Pejabat RISDA Hulu Selangor

Located at Jalan Rasathurai

and in front of Kuala Kubu

Bharu secondary school.

The acreages of this

building were 1.79 acres

and this building can be

easily access by the resident

and visitors.

Located at Jalan Rasathurai

and in front of Telekom

Pejabat Pendidikan Daerah

Malaysia building and bus

station. The acreages of this

building is 0.40 acres and

can be easily access since it

was located in the town

centre.

Post Office

Located in front of Jalan

Abdul Hamid next to the

old police station in the

Kuala Kubu Bharu town

centre. This post office can

be easily access by the

residents.

Jabatan Kerja Raya


Pahang which is the main

road to study area and in

front of the JKR‟s quarters.

Agensi Anti Dadah Kebangsaan

Located at Jalan Syed

Masyor nearby the golf

course.

FINDINGS AND ANALYSIS

Based on the data collected during field study, Kuala Kubu Bharu

has a lot of administrative building since this area has been

gazetted as an administrative centre of Hulu Selangor District. The

total acreage of administrative building is 33.63 acres which is

quite big compared to the other elements of public facilities.

In term of the location of offices in Kuala Kubu Bharu, most of

them located nearby the main road, Jalan Pahang, and in other

words, there is a good access to go to the offices. As example,

Department of Education and Post Office were located in the town

centre and Hulu Selangor District Council also located in front of

the main road which is Jalan Pahang.

The acreages of each offices were not more than 8 acres which

suitable to accommodate all the other infrastructure, facilities and

landscape of each departments.

The population catchment of offices such as post office is

following the planning guideline because the total population in

Kuala Kubu Bharu almost 15000 and compared to Selangor

Planning Guideline, the provision of post office must have at least

1500 population.

The existing condition of each administrative building in Kuala

Kubu Bharu can be classified in a good condition as shown in the

pictures in table. Some of the building such as new Magistrate

Court that located at Jalan Pahang is still under construction so that

there are no issues regarding the building structure of

administrative department in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

98

PHOTOMAP OF ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDINGS IN

KUALA KUBU BHARU

99

3.5.4 RELIGIOUS FACILITIES

Kuala Kubu Bharu has a multiracial population which are Malay,

Chinese and Indian. Malay population hold 62.79%, Chinese

20.43%, Indian 15.54% and the others holds 1.24%. So everyone

will have their rights to have their own worship places such as

masjid, temple and church. Same as the other elements in public

facilities, the provision of each worship place must according to the

population in study area. Besides, the provision of worship places

also need to be based on planning guideline which is provided by

local authority.

SCOPES OF STUDY

The objectives of studying religious facilities in Kuala Kubu Bharu

are:

To identify the types of religious facilities provided in study

area including religious facilities for the other ethnics such

as Chinese, Indian and others.

To observe the existing conditions of building structures of

all types of religious facilities either it has the historical or

heritage value that needs to be preserved or enhanced.

To identify the number of provision religious facilities in

study area and location within the study area.

To analyse the catchment population from the religious

facilities provided in study area either it is following the

Selangor Planning Guideline or not.

To identify the accessibility for residents in study area to

the religious facilities.

DATA COLLECTION

Two types of data that had been collected which are primary data

and secondary data. The data that can be obtained primarily are the

location, types, and the existing condition of each religious facility

in study area whereby secondary data can be obtained by visiting

related department such as Hulu Selangor District Council to get

the map of distribution of religious facilities in study area.

Primary data

The primary data that had been collected are the location, types,

and the existing condition of religious facilities provided in study

area.

Table below shows the types, location, and acreage of each

religious facility provided in study area. Since Kuala Kubu Bharu

was a multiracial town centre, so there were a lot of worship places

such as Masjid Ar-Rahimah, temple for Indian and Chinese, and

church which located in the town centre.

Types Quantity Location Acreage

Masjid Ar-Rahimah 1 Town centre 2.80

Musolla 2 Taman Seruling

Taman Teratai

0.44

0.54

Temple ( Indian ) 1 Town centre 0.17

Temple ( Chinese ) 2 Jalan Pahang 1.79

Church 2 Town centre 0.77

Total 8 - 6.51

Table 6

FINDING AND ANALYSIS

From the table above, there are several types of religious facilities

provided in Kuala Kubu Bharu which are provided for the residents

staying inside and outside study area.

There were one masjid and two musolla have been provided

in study area. Two musolla were provided in residential area which

is in Taman Seruling and Taman Teratai. But the problem is, the

provision of musolla can be said did not cover some residential

area such as in Taman Selesa and Taman Bukit Bunga. There is a

lot of Malay staying in that particular area, but the distance from

that area to go to the main masjid which is located in the town

centres quite far. By referring to planning standard and guideline,

praying hall or musolla must be provided to cater 500 units of

houses of 2500 residents. The provision of praying hall also must

be at least 0.5 acres for 200 until 800 residents.

There is no problems regarding the provision of non-

Muslim worship place as the location were near the access road and

can cater the non-Muslim residents in study area. For more analysis

can be referred to the table above. The photomap provided shows

the location of each worship place in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

100

PICTURES

FINDINGS

PLANNING GUIDELINES REMARKS LOCATION/ACCESIBILITY EXISTING CONDITION ACREAGES

POPULATION

CATCHMENT

Masjid Jamek Ar-Rahimah


Pahang and in front the

junction of Jalan Mashor.

This Masjid can be easily

acces as it was located next to

access road in study area.

Masjid in Kuala Kubu Bharu

has a good condition based

on the structure of the

building with no cracks and

the appearance of the

building still attractive.

2.80 acres

Can cater the residents in

study area as this Masjid has

enough size for the Malay

residents in Kuala Kubu

Bharu as this area consists

of 14897 peoples.

The acreage of Masjid must

be at least 2.9-6.2 acres to

cater at least 20000

residents. Masjid must be

located near the access road

(20m).

Although the area of masjid

that had been provided

smaller than what had been

stated in planning guideline,

it can cater the residents in

study area sin the population

in this area only 14897 and

located in front of the access

road which can be easily

access by the residents and

visitors.

Indian temple


Pahang and in front of Kuala

Kubu Bharu court. This

indian temple can be easily

access by the resident as it

was located next to the main

road to study area.

Indian temple in study area

has a good condition based

on the structure of the

building with no cracks and

the appearance of the

building still attractive.

0.17 acres

The provision of Indian

temple can cater the Indian

residents in study area since

this area consists of small

number of Indian

populations.

The acreage of non-Muslim

worship place must be not

more than 1.2 acres to cater

the area which has at least

2600 non-Muslim residents.

The temple must be located

near the access road (20m).

The acreages of this Indian

temple is following the

planning standard since the

area was not more than 1.2

acres and it can cater the

Indian residents in study are.

This building also located in

front of the main road in

study area.

101

Chinese temple

Located behind JKR‟s

quarters and near the main

road which is Jalan Pahang

and can be easily access by

the residents and visitors.

Chinese temples in Kuala

Kubu Bharu have a good

condition based on the

structure of the building

with no cracks and the

appearance of the buildings

still attractive at the same

time, these two building still

can make the residents feel

comfort when they are using

this temples.

1.79 acres

The provision of these two

Chinese temples can cater

the Chinese residents in

study area since this area

consists of small number of

Chinese populations.








The acreages of this Chinese

temple is not following the


area was more than 1.2 acres

and it can cater the Chinese

residents in study are. This

building also located in front

of the main road in study

area.

Chinese temple

Located near the jalan Pahang

and surrounded by a lot of

Chinese houses and can be

easily access by the residents

and visitors.








church


Rasathurai and in front of bus

station in the town centre and

can be easily access by the

residents and visitors.

The two churches in Kuala

Kubu Bharu have a good

condition based on the

structure of the building

with no cracks or damaged

in some part on this

building.

There were 2 churches in

study area, so the total

acreages were 0.77 acres.

The provision of these two

churches can cater the

Christian residents in study

area since this area consists

of small number of Christian

populations.








The acreages of these two

churches are following the


area was not more than 1.2

acres and it can cater the

Christian residents in study

are. This building also

located in front of the access

road in study area.

102

PHOTOMAP OF RELIGIOUS FACILITIES IN KUALA KUBU BHARU

103

3.5.5 RECREATIONAL FACILITIES

Recreational facilities are one of the important elements in

designing a town or city. By having recreational area can helps

communities grow smart and preventing higher costs of unplanned

development. A community must decide which lands to protect for

recreation, community character, the conservation of natural

resources, and open space. This in turn determines where compact

development will occur. Urban parks, gardens, and recreational

open space stimulate commercial growth and promote inner-city

revitalization. Besides, recreational facilities also can be the

indicator to boost local economies by attracting tourists and

supporting outdoor recreation. This is because tourists cite natural

beauty and quality of view to be the most important criteria in

selecting a destination, many communities are now striving to

protect scenic views and vistas by moving utility wires

underground and protecting trees and historic buildings.

SCOPES OF STUDY

The study on the recreational facilities in Kuala Kubu Bharu

consists of several scopes including the:

The types of recreational facilities provided in study area

such as park, garden or open space that can beautify the

appearance of the town.

The existing condition of recreational facilities in term of

cleanliness, landscape, hardscape and others.

The number of provision and suitability of the location of

recreational area in the study area.

The accessibility for residents in study area to the

recreational facilities.

DATA COLLECTION

Process of data collection has been made during field study in

Kuala Kubu Bharu. The data that need to be collected can be

divided into two which are primary and secondary data. For the

primary data, the data that need to be collected are the location,

type, number of recreational facilities, existing condition and issues

in study area. The secondary data also have been collected by

visiting related department such as Hulu Selangor District Office to

get the map, acreage and percentage of open space in Kuala Kubu

Bharu.

Primary data

Kuala Kubu Bharu was the first garden city in Malaysia so it has a

lot of playground, and open space that have been provided by the

local authority. The data that have been collected are the location,

type, number of recreational facilities, existing condition and issues

in study area as mention in the above paragraph.

Picture below shows one of open space in Kuala Kubu Bharu

which located in the town centre.

Playground in Kuala Kubu Bharu town centre

Firstly, there are a lot of open spaces that have been found in Kuala

Kubu Bharu. There are 7 open spaces altogether which located in

residential area and in the town centre itself. It can be clearly seen

by referring the photo map attached.

The distribution of open space in study area can be identified by

using map and from that, several assumption can be made such as

the location of open space mainly focused in town centre. This is

because the acreage of open space in the town centre is quite big.

The total acreages of open space in the town centre are 23.30 acres

or 1.66% from the total area of Kuala Kubu Bharu.

The existing conditions of open space in Kuala Kubu Bharu are

good as shown in the pictures below.

104

Secondary data

Kuala Kubu Bharu also has the other recreational facilities such as

mini stadium, sport complex, and court that located at a suitable

place. Table below shows the area of recreational facilities that

have been found in study area.

Types of facilities Acreages Percentage (%)

Mini Stadium 6.38 4.29

Sport complex 3.00 2.02

Open space and playground 19.40 13.04

Golf Course 120 80.65

TOTAL 148.78 100

Existing condition

Types of facilities Pictures

Kuala Kubu Bharu Mini

Stadium

Badminton court

included in open space

area in the town centre.

Community hall in the

sport complex.

Court that was provided

in the sport complex.


Based on the data collected, the provision of recreational facilities

in Kuala Kubu Bharu were sufficient to cater the current population

in this area at the same time, Kuala Kubu Bharu was a garden city,

so that there is a lot of recreational facilities and open space

provided in this area.

This area also provide by a huge golf course which makes the total

area for recreational facilities in this area to be 148.78 acres. Since

this area was covered by a lot of greeneries, it can be conclude that,

the provision open space in and recreational facilities in are

sufficient.

Issues and problems

There is an issue regarding the provision of open space in Kuala

Kubu Bharu which is, the open space and recreational facilities

provided were not fully utilized by residents. Pictures below show

some recreational areas which not fully utilized by the residents

Although there were a lot of open space in Kuala Kubu Bharu, but

these open space are not fully utilized by residents. Same goes to

sport complex, this sport complex also not fully utilized by the

residents. There are no people in this area visiting even during

weekend. Most of them were staying at home to get some rest

during holiday.

Based on this issue, the ways to overcome this problem need to be

identified in order to ensure the resident using the recreational area

that had been provided by local authority.

105

PHOTOMAP OF RECREATIONAL FACILITIES IN

KUALA KUBU BHARU

106

3.5.6 CULTURAL FACILITIES

Place for cultural facilities must be provided in order to serve the

residents with the service of libraries and to provide the residents

place for them to have an event. There are several types of cultural

facilities such as theatre, museum, public hall, and library.

SCOPE OF STUDY

The study on cultural facilities comprises of several scopes

including the:

Types cultural facilities which can be used by public in

study area or outside study area.

Existing conditions of building structures.

Number of provision and location of cultural facilities in

study area.

Accessibility for residents in study area or outside the study

area to the cultural facilities if there any events or functions.

DATA COLLECTION

There are two types of data that had been collected during field

study which are primary and secondary data. For the primary data

that had been collected include the types of cultural facilities,

existing condition of each type of cultural facilities that had been

provided and the number of cultural facilities that exist in Kuala

Kubu Bharu. Besides, secondary data also had been collected by

visiting several departments to get some information regarding the

area of cultural facilities in study area, the location of cultural

facilities in map and the catchment area of cultural facilities in

study area.

Table below shows the types and the acreages of cultural facilities

that had been found in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

TYPES ACREAGES PERCENTAGE

Community hall 0.61 30.5

Library 1.39 69.5

TOTAL 2.00 100


PICTURES

FINDINGS PLANNING

GUIDELINE REMARKS LOCATION /

ACCESIBILITY

EXISTING

CONDITION SIZE

POPULATION

CATCHMENT

Public library

Public library that

located in the town

centre and near the

sport complex can be


residents.

The library

provided in study

area can be

classified in a good

condition as the

building did not

have any cracks.

1.39

acres

The provision of

public library

sufficient for the

residents in study

area as the

population in

Kuala Kubu

Bharu was 14897.

The acreages of

public library

must be at least

0.5 acres to cater

10000 to 50000

populations in

study area.

The provision of

library in study

area was

sufficient for the

residents and it

was suitably

located and has

the good access.

Community hall

Community hall that

located in the town

centre and next to Jalan

Pahang and it can be


residents.

The community

halls provided in

study area can be

classified in a good

condition as the

building did not

have any cracks

due to the resident

not fully utilized

these community

centres.

0.61

acres

The provision of

community halls

sufficient for the

residents in study

area as the

population in

Kuala Kubu

Bharu was 14897.

The acreages of

community centre

must be at least 3

to 5 acres. One

community centre

serves at least

3000 to 10000

populations in

study area.

The provision of

community hall in

study area was

sufficient for the

residents and it

was suitably

located as both

community halls

located in the

town centre.

Besides, these

two buildings also

located near the

main road of

study area.

Community hall

Community hall that

located in the sport

complex can be easily

access by the residents

since it also near the

access road.

107

PHOTOMAP OF CULTURAL FACILITIES IN KUALA

KUBU BHARU

108

3.5.7 HEALTH FACILITIES

Health facilities play an important role in achieving a better health

of the residents especially in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Health facilities

include district hospitals, dentistry, and clinic.

SCOPES OF STUDY

The study on the health facilities in Kuala Kubu Bharu consists of

several scopes which are:

Types of clinic and hospitals provided either owned by

private sector or provide by government to the residents in

study area.

Existing condition of the building itself either need to

enhance or not.

Number of provision of health facilities and location of

clinics and hospitals in order to provide a good access.

Accessibility for residents in study area to the educational

institutions and access for people outside study area to go to

the clinic or hospitals in study area.

The catchment area and population from the health facilities

provided in study area.

DATA COLLECTION

The data that had been collected can be divided into two which are

primary and secondary data. For the primary data, the data that

need to be collect are the location, type, number of educational

facilities, existing condition and issues in study area. The

secondary data also have been collected by visiting related

department such as Hulu Selangor District Hospital to get the

number of staff, patients and the number of beds in the hospital.

The data regarding the map, acreage and percentage of health

facilities in Kuala Kubu Bharu can be obtained by visiting Hulu

Selangor District district hospital that located in Kuala Kubu

Bharu.

Table below shows the types of facilities, the number of each type

of health facilities, acreages, location, the number of beds and the

number of staff.

Besides that, the existing condition of hospitals and dentistry also

had been observed during field study in Kuala Kubu Bharu. These

are several pictures of the view of district hospital and clinic in

Kuala Kubu Bharu.

The existing condition of the buildings


Based on the data collection above, it shows that the provision of

health facilities such as district hospital and clinic are sufficient to

cater the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu. The total acreages of

district hospital and clinic are 32.25 acre or 2.30% from the total

acreage of study area. As mention in Selangor Planning Guideline,

the total acreage for district hospital must be at least 30 acres to

cater at least 38 thousand populations compared to the total

population in Kuala Kubu Bharu which are 14897 in year 2010.

Kuala Kubu Bharu also has a dentistry which located at Jalan

Kolam Air and hold 1.39 acre or 0.1% from the total area.

Data collected Planning Guideline Findings

District Hospital

The acreages are

32.35 acres and

located near the

access road. This

hospital caters the

residents in in Kuala

Kubu Bharu and the

area outside Kuala

Kubu Bharu.

Each district must

provide the hospital

with the acreages at

least 30 acres. It

must have at least 76

beds and the

location must be in

front of 20 meter

access road. The

population

catchment is 38000

people.

The provision of district

hospital in Kuala Kubu

Bharu can cater the

resident in study area. the

acreage of this building is

following the

requirement in planning

guideline. Same to the

location of this hospital

which fronting the access

road or in other words, it

can be easily access.

Types of

health

facilities

Number Acreage Location Number

of beds

Number

of staff

District

hospital

1 32.35 Jalan

Hospital

150 270

Dentistry 1 1.39 Jalan

Kolam

Air

- 11

TOTAL 2 33.74 - 150 281

109

Data collected Planning guideline Findings

Kuala Kubu Bharu

Dentistry

Located at Jalan

Kolam Air and the

acreages of this

clinic is 1.39 acres

and serve the

resident in study

area.

The acreages for

clinic must be at

least 1 acre and can

be easily access by

the residents. The

population

catchment for clinic

is between 15000 to

20000 populations.

The provision of

dentistry in Kuala

Kubu Bharu can cater

the resident in study

area. The acreage of

this building is

following the

requirement in

planning guideline.

Same to the location

of this hospital which

fronting the access

road or in other words,

it can be easily access.

ISSUES AND PROBLEMS

The district hospital in Kuala Kubu Bharu lack of specialist and the

resident in that area need to go to Selayang or Sungai Buloh if there

is a serious case. So, the number of specialist should be added in

order to ensure the efficiency of health service in that area.

3.5.8 SAFETY FACILITIES

The element of safety must be one of the important elements that

should take into consideration during analysing stage. This is

because; the provision of safety facilities is to ensure the residents

feel safe without crime cases.

SCOPES OF STUDY

The scope of study in analysing safety facilities in Kuala Kubu

Bharu are including the:

Types safety facilities in study area such as police station,

fire station and others.

Existing conditions of building structures of all types of

safety facilities either need to enhance or stick with the

current condition.

Number of provision and location of safety facilities in

study area.

Accessibility for residents in study area to the safety

facilities if there any emergency cases.

The catchment area and population from the safety facilities

provided in study area either it is following the Selangor

Planning Guideline.

DATA COLLECTION

There are two types of data that had been collected during field

study which are primary and secondary data. The data that had

been collected primarily include the types of safety facilities,

existing condition of each type of safety facilities that had been

provided and the number of safety facilities that exist in Kuala

Kubu Bharu. The secondary data that had been collected are the

area of safety facilities in study area, the location of safety facilities

in map and the catchment area of safety facilities in study area.

Table below shows the types and area of safety facilities in Kuala

Kubu Bharu.

TYPE OF FACILITIES ACREAGES LOCATION

Police station 6.69 Jalan Kubu

Pictures below show the existing condition of police station in

Kuala Kubu Bharu.

110


Based on the data that had been collected, the provision of police

station in Kuala Kubu Bharu is following the planning standard

since the acreage of police station is according to planning standard

which is 5 to 10 acres. Besides that, this police station also can

cater the current population as Kuala Kubu Bharu which has not

more than 15000 populations. The existing condition of police

station is in Kuala Kubu Bharu not in a good condition although it

was built to replace the old police station but the building still

needed to be enhanced in order to improve the quality of service

and to beautify the town centre itself. The existing condition of the

police station can be seen at the picture of data collection above.

Below is the picture of the old police station and the existing

condition of that building that located in the town centre.

ISSUES AND PROBLEMS

The condition of police station‟s building need to be enhanced at

the same time it can beautify the Kuala Kubu Bharu town centre. It

also strengthen the function of Kuala Kubu Bharu as an

administrative centre if there are a lot of beautiful buildings at the

same time highlighting the element of historical value in this town

centre.

3.5.9 CEMETRIES

Cemetery facilities must be taken into consideration in the

provision of development plans. Planning of cemetery must be

adequate and suitable with religious requirements and community

customs and place activity that is accurate and suitable according to

the resident‟s needs. Besides, planning cemeteries needs to take

into account religious beliefs and culture, topography and status of

cemeteries which are adequate land, land use suitability.

SCOPE OF STUDY

The scope of study in analysing the provision of cemeteries in

Kuala Kubu Bharu are including the:

Types of cemeteries either for Muslim and Non-Muslim

cemeteries.

Location and size of cemeteries provided in study area.

Existing condition of cemeteries provided.

Accessibility to the cemeteries provided from town centre

of study area.

DATA COLLECTION

Two types of data that had been collected which are primary data

and secondary data. The data that can be obtained primarily are the

location, types, and the existing condition of cemeteries provided in

study area whereby the acreage, location and the accessibility can

be obtained by referring the map provided by the local authority.

Primary data

There are two types of cemeteries provided in study area which are

for Muslim cemeteries and Chinese cemeteries. Both of these

cemeteries located next to hospitals and the condition of these

cemeteries can be classified in a good condition.

Secondary data

The two types of cemeteries provided in Kuala Kubu Bharu were

quite huge. Both of them hold about 6.42 acres which can cater the

resident in this area. In term of accessibility, these cemeteries can

easily access since the location itself were nearby the road inside

the district hospital. The location of cemeteries provided also on a

suitable place which means far from flood prone and this

cemeteries also surrounded by more than three residential area with

sufficient buffer zone. In addition, there is no issue regarding the

provision of these cemeteries in this area.

ANALYSIS AND FINDING

Based on the data that had been collected, the cemeteries provided

were sufficient for the resident in Kuala Kubu Bharu and also the

area that located next to this town centre. This is because the

requirement for the provision of cemeteries as stated in planning

guideline is 2.47 to 4.94 acres for 5000 to 10 000 populations. As

the acreages of the cemeteries in Kuala Kubu Bharu were more

than the minimum requirements in planning guideline so it is

following what had been stated in the guideline. In term of the

location of cemeteries provided in study area, it were located at a

suitable place which is far from flood prone area, land slide and

located on a suitable topography or in other words it is located far

from slope area.

Picture of the old police station that located at Jalan Dato Tabal

111

The existing condition of cemeteries provided can be classified in a

good condition and these cemeteries can easily access by the

visitors. In addition, there are no issues regarding the cemeteries

provided.

3.5.10 TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES

There will be no economic activities if there is no access to the

town. The access to the town is important to improve the economic

activities of the town by enhanced cross-border business. Road

plays an important role because it connect one place to another

place. Besides that, the other example of transportation is the train

services.

SCOPE OF STUDY

The study on the transportation facilities in Kuala Kubu Bharu is

based on several scopes which include:

The types, size and the location of transportation facilities

in study area.

The accessibility to the bus station/ taxi station or railway

station provided in study area.

The existing condition of the bus station/ taxi station or

railway station provided in study area.

The issues and problems regarding the provision of

transportation facilities in study area.

DATA COLLECTION

Process of data collection had been made during field study in

Kuala Kubu Bharu and the data that need to be collected are

divided into two which are primary data and secondary data. The

primary data that had been collected are the types, location,

accessibility, and issues and problems of the provision of

transportation facilities in study area. The acreage of transportation

facilities can be measured by referring the map provided and in can

be categorized as secondary data.

There are two types of transportation facilities that had been

found in Kuala Kubu Bharu, which are the bus station and railway

station. The bus station located in the Kuala Kubu Bharu town

centre and the railway station located outside from the boundary of

the study area but this railway station is the one of the access to

Kuala Kubu Bharu. The bus station located in front of Department

of Education of Hulu Selangor district or at Jalan Rasathurai. It is

also located nearby the commercial area in Kuala Kubu Bharu town

centre.

The existing condition of bus station and railway station in a

good condition since there is no issues regarding the provision of

these two stations that were provided in study area.

Picture below show some of the existing condition of bus station

and railway station provided to the resident of Kuala Kubu Bharu.


Since there was more than one type of transportation facilities that

were provided in study area, there are no problems regarding the

access to this town centre. The provision of bus station and railway

station serve the residents in Kuala Kubu Bharu and make their

daily routine easier as the residents can move from one place to

another. So those, the provision of these transportation facilities are

fulfilling the needs of resident in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

3.5.11 WELFARE FACILITIES

Kuala Kubu Bharu also has an old folk‟s house that accommodates

the old people that comes from many districts.


There is an old folk‟s house in Kuala Kubu Bharu that located next

nearby the golf course as shown in the map below.

The total acreages of the old folk‟s house are 31.89 acres and it was

located at Jalan Padang Golf. This old folk‟s house can easily

access since the location itself that located at the end road of Jalan

Padang Golf. The existing condition of this old folk‟s house was in

a good condition. There are also sufficient facilities provided in this

old folk‟s house such as toilets, facilities for disables and others. In

addition, there are no issues and problems regarding the provision

of this old folk‟s house.

The existing condition of bus station that located in Kuala Kubu Bharu town

centre

The existing condition of railway station that located nearby Kuala

Kubu Bharu

The location of old folk's house

112

PHOTOMAP OF SAFETY FACILITIES AND HEALTH

FACILITIES IN KUALA KUBU BHARU

113

PHOTOMAP OF CEMETERIES, TRANSPORTATION AND WELFARE FACILITIES IN KUALA KUBU BHARU

114

FACILITIES OUTSIDE BOUNDARY OF KUALA KUBU BHARU

Kuala Kubu Bharu Fire Station

Sekolah Menengah Ampang Pecah

Darul Quran Peretak National Service Training Camp Peretak National Youth Skill Institute

MARA Junior Science College

115

3.5.12 PROJECTION

ASPECTS

TYPES OF FACILITIES

NUMBER OF FACILITIES

PROVIDED

(SUFFICIENT/INSUFFICIENT)

EXISTING

CONDITION

LOCATION AND

ACCESIBILITY

POPULATION

IN 2011

POPULATION

IN 2020 PROJECTION

EDUCATIONAL

INSTITUTIONS

-9 schools had been provided in

the study area which is 6 primary

schools and 3 secondary schools.

- The schools provided sufficient

to cater current population.

-There is also some school that had

been provided outside the

boundary of the study area such as

Mara Junior Science College and

Sekolah Menengah Ampang

Pechah (Bestari).

-Kuala Kubu Bharu also consists

of 3 training institutions which are

Police Academy, Army Camp and

Fire-brigade Academy.

-Only one tertiary educational

institution had been provided

outside the boundary which is

Darul Quran that located at

Ampang Pechah.

-The existing condition of

all educational institutions

can be categorized as in a

good condition. This is

because most of the

building still new and

some of them still

undergoes the renovation

process.

-The facilities provided

such as toilets and parking

lots sufficient for the staffs

and students.

-The acreages of all types

of educational institutions

also following the

requirement in planning

standards.

-Most of the educational

institutions are located at

suitable places which are in

front of the main road and

easy access by the

residents and students.

14 897 15 866 -Educational institutions provided in study area are

sufficient to cater the current populations and future

populations.

-The enhancement process need to be done from

time to time in order to maintain the appearance of

the town as the educational institutions located in

the town centre.

-As the population increase, some schools need to

locate more building due to the increasing number

of students.

-The landscape of some schools need to enhanced in

order to give the sense of study to the students.

116

ADMINISTRATIVE

INSTITUTIONS

-Kuala Kubu Bharu acts as an

administrative centre of Hulu

Selangor District, so that there are

a lot of governmental offices in

this area.

-Almost 20 departments had been

found during field study in Kuala

Kubu Bharu for example Hulu

Selangor district Council and Land

Office.

The existing conditions of

all administrative

buildings in Kuala Kubu

Bharu were considered to

be in a good condition and

only some of them need

improvement in term of

maintenance of the

building.

-Facilities provided such

as toilets, parking lots for

disables, fire extinguisher

and others are sufficient

for the staff usage.

-The acreages of each

administrative building

were following the

requirements that had been

stated in planning

standard.

The administrative

buildings in Kuala Kubu

Bharu were located at very

suitable places and most of

them located next to each

other.

There is no problem

regarding the access to the

offices since they were

located at the main road of

Kuala Kubu Bharu such as

Jalan Pahang and those

offices can be clearly seen

from the road.

14 897 15 866 -Some improvements of the administrative building

need to be done such as paint the building with an

attractive colour so the building will never get a bad

view.

-Some department in study area need to locate new

building in order to improve the efficiency of the

services.

-Providing facilities for disable peoples in the

building itself.

-Increase the parking lots to ensure the staffs enable

to park their vehicles.

-The administrative buildings need to be locating at

one specific place which consists of all departments

within the area.

RELIGIOUS -Six religious places had been

found during field study which is

one Masjid, one Indian temple,

two churches, and two Chinese

temples not including musolla in

the residential area.

-All the religious places provided

can cater the population in the

study area.

-The provision of musolla seems

not adequate since it is provided in

some residential area.

- The existing conditions

of all worship places in

Kuala Kubu Bharu were

considered to be in a good

condition and only some

of them need improvement

in term of maintenance of

the building.

-Facilities provided such

as toilets, parking lots, fire

extinguisher and others are

sufficient for the residents.

-The acreages of each

worship places provided in

the study area were

following the requirements

that had been stated in

planning standard.

Worship places in Kuala

Kubu Bharu were located

near the main road which

is Jalan Pahang and it can

be easily access by the

resident and visitors.

14 897 15 866 -Provide musolla near the residential area to ensure

the Muslim residents feel easy to perform their

prayer together.

-Increase the size of the building such as Masjid due

to the increasing population in the study area.

-Supervise the maintenance of the building to ensure

the safety of the people inside and to ensure the

people feel comfort when they enter the building.

-Provide sufficient facilities for disable in all

worship place

117

RECREATIONAL -There were a lot of recreational

facilities that had been provided in

the study area such as, mini

stadium, courts, sport complex and

playgrounds.

-There is also a huge golf course

that was provided within the

boundary of Kuala Kubu Bharu.

-The provision of sport complex,

mini stadium and other

recreational facilities were

sufficient for the residents.

- The existing conditions

of recreational facilities in

study area considered to

be in a good condition.

-Some playgrounds which

are located near the

residential area need to

enhance in order to give a

good view to the town.

The recreational facilities

were located near the main

road and can be easily

access by the residents.

14 897 15 866 -Enhance the appearance of recreational area that

located in the town centre and near the residential

area to attract people to come to the recreational

facilities provided by the local authority.

- Supervise the maintenance of the building of

recreational facilities such as sport complex and

stadium to ensure the safety of the residents when

they are doing their activities in the recreational

facilities provided.

SAFETY -The safety facilities that had been

identified during field study are a

police station which located of the

town centre near the commercial

area of Kuala Kubu Bharu.

-The provision of this police

station can cater the current

population in study area.

-The existing condition of

police station in study area

is not in a good condition

because the appearance of

the building was too old

and must have some

enhancement process to

beautify the building.

The police station provided

was located near the

administrative building and

near the access road of

Kuala Kubu Bharu.

-It can easily access by the

residents.

14 897 15 866 -The old building need to be enhanced at the same

time preserve the historical value of that building.

-Locate small community police station to supervise

the crime in the study area and it must be located

near the residential area and also commercial area.

TRANPORTATION The provision of bus station in

study are can facilitate the resident

staying in Kuala Kubu Bharu, but

the location of this bus station was

not suitably located because it was

near the wet market that make the

area congested due to many

vehicles using that road.

The bus terminal which

located in the town centre

needs some improvement

in order to increase the

efficiency of the service.

The location of bus station

is not very suitable because

that particular area might

be congested when more

vehicles using that road

especially during peak

hours.

14 897 15 866 -Proposed a new bus station with the efficient

services.

118

ISSUES

ELEMENTS OF

PUBLIC FACILITIES ISSUES AND PROBLEMS VERIFICATION PRELIMINARY RECOMMENDATION

Religious The number of musolla provided in study area didn‟t

sufficient and there is no musolla provided in some

residential area.

The distances from some residential area such as Taman

Selesa and Taman Juta are far from the Masjid Ar-Rahimah

that located in the town centre.

Provide a least one musolla in the residential area because it

can make the residents feel easy to perform prayer together

due to the distances to the mosolla is near to their house.

Recreational The recreational facilities provided in Kuala Kubu Bharu are

not fully utilized by the residents although during weekend.

There no people in the recreational park in the town centre

although during weekend. Besides, the sport complex

provided in the town centre seems not fully utilized by the

residents staying in Kuala Kubu Bharu. The playground

provided near the residential area also not utilized by the

residents as the result the lot of shrubs and rubbish in the

playground provided.

Provide more parking spaces so that the residents feel easier

to get the parking nearby the recreational area especially

during weekend.

Enhanced the playground that located nearby residential area

so that, the residents tend to go to the playground as it has

sufficient facilities.

Safety The building structure of police station in Kuala Kubu Bharu

was an old building and need to enhanced in improve the

physical appearance of the police station in the town centre.

The condition of police station‟s building need to be

enhanced at the same time it can beautify the Kuala Kubu

Bharu town centre. It can also strengthen the function of

Kuala Kubu Bharu as an administrative centre if there are a

lot of beautiful buildings at the same time highlighting the

element of historical value in this town centre.

The appearances of the old building can be improved by

applying a new paint to the wall of the building in order to

beautify the building at the same time it can enhance the

view of Kuala Kubu Bharu as an administrative centre.

Transportation The bus station not suitably located in the town centre. This

bus station located next to the market can make this area

congested.

This area has the tendency to get congested due to many cars

using the road especially during peak hours.

The bus station must be located near at a place which do not

create traffic congestion and smooth the traffic flow in the

study area.

119

S.W.O.T ANALYSIS

STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES OPPOPTUNITIES THREATS

Kuala Kubu Bharu has a lot of administrative

buildings that can strengthen the function of its town

centre as an administrative centre of Hulu Selangor

district. The existence of railway station and bus

station can be the indicator for people who are

staying outside study area to come in to Kuala Kubu

Bharu as they all know this area has a good access

and good transportation. Kuala Kubu Bharu has a

beautiful landscape and a lot of recreational

facilities such as golf course, mini stadium and

comfortable sport complex can enhanced the view

of the area. Besides that, this area can be the tourist

destination since there were a lot of historical

buildings that still preserved and this area also has a

beautiful landscape and sufficient facilities that can

be the indicator for this area to be tourism

destination.

Some of administrative buildings in Kuala Kubu

Bharu need some improvements due to the bad

maintenance as a result, it can down grade the image

of this little town. Some of recreational area such as

playground, mini stadium and other recreational

facilities in study area not fully utilized by the

residents and the playground that located near the

residential area full of shrubs. As the result, it can

give the bad view and at the same time it can also

make the residents feel don‟t want to use the

recreational area that had been provided. Besides

that, there were lack of activities that can

highlighted Kuala Kubu Bharu can be tourism

destination such as souvenir of Kuala Kubu Bharu

and this area also did not have sufficient hotels or

chalets for the visitors to stay.

People will come to Kuala Kubu Bharu since there

were lots of government building and at the same

time it can generate the economic activity in study

area. The good road network within study area and

from study area to the other town can fasten the

traffic flow in Kuala Kubu Bharu and it can reduce

traffic congestion to happen.The existence of huge

and beautiful golf course and other recreational

facilities can attract people from outside to come in

to Kuala Kubu Bharu that can make this area more

liveable.

The numbers of cars keep increasing as the

population also keep increasing in study area. So

that, the location of bus station must be suitably

located in order to avoid traffic jam in future. The

recreational areas that had been provided were not

fully utilized by the residents and make the area

become dull since there are no activities such as

playing and jogging. As the result, it can give the

bad impression from visitors when they see a lot of

recreational facilities did not used by the residents in

Kuala Kubu Bharu. To overcome these problems,

local authority must enhance the facilities provided

and they can also organise campaign to encourage

the residents to exercise.

120

INTRODUCTION

nfrastructure and utilities serve as a backbone of the society. It

is the elements that form basic system for efficient

functioning and performance of the system. Infrastructure and

utilities also play a vital role in shaping the future development of

an area, enhancing the image of the city and improving the quality

of life in the society.

The integrated water supply and electrical supply system can

provide a systematic distribution system within an area which also

can benefit the local residents. This well-planned distribution

system should be accompanied by an integrated drainage and

irrigation planning in order to ensure the stability of the ecosystem

and also to avoid the issues and problems regarding to the

environment in the area.

In term of solid waste management, the implementation of

recycling programme among the local resident and the systematic

solid waste collection, it may help in providing the convenient

condition in the area. An effective solid waste management within

the society or town is very important in order to ensure a quality of

life for the local resident and also to provide good image of the

town.

Besides that, an effective and systematic sewerage system is

important to provide good, healthy and convenient environment of

the town toward the better quality of life.

In the study area, the total acreage for infrastructure and utilities

inside the boundary is 1.93 acres. The area is quite small because

most of infrastructure and utilities for the study area located

outside the boundary.

OBJECTIVES

The objectives that we have to achieve for a better development of

Kuala Kubu Bharu are:

1. To analyze whether the existing infrastructure ad utilities

provided in the study area are in line with the planning

standard and guidelines.

2. To ensure adequate provision of infrastructure and utilities

so that all residence can benefit the infrastructure and

utilities provided without left behind.

3. To analyze issues and problems pertaining the elements of

infrastructure and utilities.

SCOPE OF STUDY

The scopes of study are divided based on six elements of

infrastructure and utilities.

Electrical Supply

1. To identify the types of electrical services provided in the

study area based on land use category.

2. To identify the location and distribution of the electrical

main station and substation in the study area.

3. To study the coverage and catchment area of the electrical

station based on types of land use in order to understand the

level of services provided.

4. To identify the demand and supply within the area whether

it is enough or not.

5. To identify the issues and problems relating to the electrical

supply services in the study area.

Telecommunication

1. To identify the types of cable used for the

telecommunication system in the study area as it might

affect the capacity of the network itself.

2. To identify the location of the transmitter exchanger and the

distribution point of telecommunication system in order to

locate the catchment area for the service provided.

3. To determine the demand and supply of telecommunication

system based on the population and land use categories.

4. To identify the issues and problems pertaining to the

telecommunication services.

Drainage System

1. To identify the drainage system used in study area whether

it is major drainage or minor drainage.

2. To identify the type of drainage system that had been used

in the study area based on land use categories, either it is u-

shape drainage or v-shape drainage.

3. To identify the flood prone area in Kuala Kubu Bharu

based on the area and the rainfall data.

4. To identify the issues and problems relating to the drainage

system on the study area.

Water Supply

1. To identify the location and current capacity of water

treatment plant that supply water into study area.

2. To determine the adequate provision of water supply based

on the demand and supply base on land use category.

3. To identify issues and problems relating water supply

towards study area.

I

3.6 INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES

121

Solid Waste Management

1. To identify the location of existing sanitary landfill that can

manage solid disposal in the study area and its vicinity.

2. To investigate the capacity and lifespan of the sanitary

landfill in order to project future demand.

3. To study the solid waste generation rate based on land use

categories.

4. To identify issues and problems relating to solid waste

management in the study area.

Sewerage System

1. To identify the location and distribution of the sewerage

treatment plant on the study area.

2. To investigate the catchment area based on the population

for the area.

3. To identify issues and problems relating to sewerage

management is taken into consideration in order to project

future demand.

3.5.1 ELECTRICAL SUPPLY

INTRODUCTION

Electricity is a fundamental form of energy observable in

positive and negative forms that may occur naturally or is in

produced by the generator. Electrical services can be divided into

two conditions which are for the new development and for the

upgrading services for the development such as the accessibility

within road and type of settlement. Electrical services provided are

mainly based on the types of land use and its activities including

residential, mixed development (residential and commercial),

industrial and others.

In Kuala Kubu Bharu, the electrical services provided are

mostly covered by both conditions, which are for new development

and upgrading development. Tenaga Nasional Berhad is

responsible in providing electrical services within the area.


Types of Electrical Services

Mainly, there are four types of electrical services provided

within the study area. These include power generation plant,

transmission or grid line, the distribution of electrical current

through the transformer and lastly the consumer receiving ends

which include consumer substation.

Transmission Main Intake

Generally, the electrical supply for Kuala Kubu Bharu is

obtained from Rasa Transmission Main Intak (PMU) which was

located at Rasa. The electrical is then being distributed to the other

two areas which are Rasa and Batang Kali. The capacity of the

transmission is 2x30 MVA with 132/11kV voltage provided to the

grid line, before it will be transmitted to the electrical substation in

the area. The demand for the current electrical services in Kuala

Kubu Bharu, Rasa and Batang Kali are 15.3MW.

Figure 3.5.1 Single chamber electrical transformer in the study

area

Figure 3.5.2 Double chamber electrical transformer in the study

area

Table 3.5.1 The consumption of transmission main intake in

Rasa

TRANSMISSION

MAIN INTAKE

VOLTAGE CAPACITY CONSUMPTION

(2011)

Rasa

132/11 kV

132/33 kV

2x30 MVA

2X90 MVA

15.3 MW

(Source: Hulu Selangor Local Plan, Hulu Selangor District

Council)

Transformer Substation

Mainly there are two types of transformer substation which

present in the study area currently which are single chamber

substation and double chamber substation. Single chamber

substation usually used 35m2 areas with load of 200kVA, whilst

double chamber substation covered 48m2

areas with load of

2000kVA.

122

Figure 3.5.3 Single chamber electrical transformer in the study

area

Figure 3.5.4 Double chamber electrical transformer in the study

area

Location of Electrical Substation

Electrical substation in the study area manly located at the

residential area, commercial and public facilities such as school,

hospital and offices. Types of electrical substations provided are

differing based on the amount of unit in the particular area. The

electrical services in the particular area are mainly distributed from

electrical substation and transformer in the area.

Demand and Supply

Rasa Transmission Main Intake had consumed 15.3 MW

electrical current to its catchment area. Kuala Kubu Bharu had

been supplied by 4973.69 kW.

Table 3.5.2 The current demand for the study area in Kuala

Kubu Bharu based on land use categories.

LAND USE DEMAND (kW) PERCENTAGE

(%)

Residential 3460.00 69.50

Commercial 581.43 11.70

Public facilities 932.26 18.80

TOTAL 4973.69 100.0

(Source: Tenaga Nasional Berhad, Rawang)

Figure 3.5.5 The percentage on demand of electrical services

based on land use categories.

Future Projection on Electrical Services

For the future demand, it had been stated that the

consumption on 2020 are 21.3, which showed an increased in

electrical services demand within the study area. As the

subsequent, the capacity for the electrical transmission main intake

in Rasa will be increase. The future capacity for the transmission is

2 x 90MVA, which will supply more services towards its

catchment area due to development on 2020.

Table 3.5.3 The demand for the study area in Kuala Kubu Bharu

on 2020 based on land use categories.

LAND USE DEMAND

(kW)

PERCENTAGE

(%)

DEMAND

INCREASE

(%)

Residential 4152.00 72.30 20.00

Commercial 604.70 10.50 4.00

Facilities 988.20 17.20 6.00

TOTAL 5744.90 100.0 30.00

Figure 3.5.6 The percentage on demand of electrical services in

2020 based on land use categories.

69.50%

11.70%

18.80%

Demand on electrical supply in 2011

Residential

Commercial

Facilities

72.30%

10.50%

17.20%

Demand on electrical supply in 2020

Residential

Commercial

Public facilities

123

MAP ON ELECTRICAL SUPPLY AND CATCHMENT AREA

124

3.5.2 TELECOMMUNICATION

INTRODUCTION

Telecommunication system is the science and technology

of communication at a distance by electronic transmission of

impulses. There are two types of telecommunication system in the

study area which are telephone line network and internet network.

These systems are being managed by Telekom Malaysia Berhad.

Besides, there are also telecommunication network provided by the

private company for the cellular phone such as Maxis, Celcom and

others. These cellular lines are then being connected to the

transceiver tower by wave. Telecommunication system seems to

give impact towards the development of the community because its

ability to enable communication with different people in a different

places.


Types of Cable

The types of cable used for the telecommunication services

including internet and telephone line are mainly fiber optic.

However, copper cable are still be used to distribute the services

from the telecommunication exchanger to the distribution point in

the residential, commercial and public facilities. Fiber optic cable

acts as a backup cable in case of the shortage of supply. It has the

ability to transmit signals over much longer distances and

capability to carry information at greater speeds.

It can be stated that both type of cable are being used as

telecommunication services. Copper cable had been used for a long

time before fiber optic cable being created. Although new

inventions of cable that can transmit signals at greater speed are

used, copper cables are still being a good choice for the

telecommunications services.

Figure 3.5.7 Kuala Kubu Bharu Telekom Malaysia Point

Capacity of Telecommunication Line

The transmitter exchanger in Kuala Kubu Bharu can accommodate

20 000 user lines at the same time. However, the demand and

supply for the telephone and internet connectivity is only 2951 user

lines that covered the whole area of Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Table 3.5.4 The capacity and current supply on

telecommunication services kin the study area

TRANSMITTER

EXCHANGER/

TRANSCEIVER

STATION

CAPACITY CURRENT

DEMAND SUPPLY

20 000 user lines

2951 user lines

(Source: Telekom Malaysia Berhad, Rawang)

Note that Telekom Malaysia Berhad had supplied two lines for

each unit of houses, shop lots, shop houses and facilities provided.

The demand and supply for every types of land use are differing.

Table 3.5.5 The demand and supply on telecommunication

services based on type of land use

TYPE OF LAND USE DEMAND AND SUPPLY

Residential 2007 user lines

Commercial 312 user lines

Public facilities 632 user lines

(Source: Telekom Malaysia Berhad, Rawang)

As for the main terminal voice data, it is provided in the

residential and administration centre. Normally, it can

accommodate 420 user lines. This cabinet are only serving for the

area which basically distributes the services to the distribution

point before it was sent to the house.

Figure 3.5.8 Main terminal voice data located in Jalan Pahang

125

Location of Telecommunication Transmitter

The location of transmitter exchanger is in Jalan

Rasathurai, near the town centre. It is also known as transceiver

station whereby the antenna is mounted at the highest point of the

tower in order to get a wider coverage. The coverage area for the

telecommunication services provided is in 10km radius from the

exchanger tower. In Hulu Selangor District, every district had been

provided a tower that can cover 10km radius from its exchanger

tower. For example, there are a few transceiver stations that are

provided in Rawang, Serendah, Hulu Yam, Rasa, Kuala Kubu

Bharu, Kerling, Kalumpang and others. These services covered

10km radius for each stations. The services distributed from the

area to another area by using wave as its medium. There are two

types of telecommunication line provided through this station

which are the fixed line and cellular line.

The telecommunication services provided then distributed

the network through the main terminal voice data. It is functioned

as the cable continuation from the transmitter exchanger before it is

distributed to the distribution point. Mainly, the cabinet can

accommodate 420 user lines, either in residential, commercial or

public facilities. As for the distribution point, each point can supply

telecommunication services to four houses which generally project

as each house will have two telecommunications services which

include telephone and internet.

Demand and supply

Houses normally used telephone as their main

telecommunication system as it is user friendly. It can be said that

all houses should at least have one telephone to use for. However,

this situation differs when it goes to the rural area whereby they are

avoiding using the fixed line to avoid paying bills to Telekom

Malaysia Berhad. They normally used cellular phone instead of

fixed line provided.

The internet networking system as in ten units of houses,

there are only seven to eight internet connections that may have in

the area. It can be concluded that people in the study area are

mostly used telecommunication system in an optimum level. Due

to this condition, Telekom Malaysia Berhad even had provided

additional distribution points that are currently being reserved for

the maintenance.

It had been stated before that the capacity of the transmitter

exchanger tower only been used for 14.75%. It indicates that the

supply of the telecommunication and internet connectivity are

more than the demand of the population. As a result, the system of

the transceiver tower is less and abandoned because of the over

surplus. However, the over surplus are projected for the future

generation which the telecommunication demand will increase in

the future due to the latest technology and invention.

Table 3.5.6 The number of customer and demand projection

based on the year

The projections are done by the estimation of 5% increase per year.

It had been stated that for the study area, there will be 4576

customer in 2020. This showed that there will be an increased in

demand for the future. It may due to the growth and development

of technology that are modern and advance which may attract

people to use more telecommunication network and services.

The transmitter exchanger or transceiver tower can

accommodate 20 000 user number in the study area. However,

there are only 2951 user number currently, which covered 14.75%

only. There are nearly 85% vacant numbers in the exchanger. The

remainder can be used for the future projection of user number in

the study area, which can be remaining until 20 to 30 years.

YEAR NUMBER OF

CUSTOMER

PERCENTAGES

INCREASES (%)

2008 2549 5

2011 2951 5

2013 3252 5

2015 3586 5

2017 3953 5

2020 4576 5

126

MAP ON telecommunication AND CATCHMENT AREA

127

3.5.3 DRAINAGE SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION

Drainage system can be defined as a system that carrying

excess water through watercourses or drains. Drainage system can

be divided into two types which are natural drainage and man-

made drainage. It is important to study the drainage system in the

study area in order to enhance and protect the physical appearance

of the area itself. Better drainage system may avoid bad incident

such as flood from occur.

Major drainage system can be defined as the route followed

by the water runoff when the capacity of the minor drainage system

is exceeded. It mainly conveys runoff water from the infrequent

storms such as natural streams and man-made drains. Minor

drainage system is the drainage system that provided to

accommodate water that can cause flood. It conveys runoff water

from the frequent storms and reduces the frequency of

inconveniences by storm water ponding. Street gutters and storm

sewers are the example of minor drainage.


Drainage System in Study Area

Basically, there are two types of drainage system that had been

used in the study area which are major drainage and minor

drainage. Major drainage can be referred as any natural drainage

existed in the area, whilst minor drainage is mainly referred as

man-made drainage.

Major Drainage

Major drainage in the study area referred to the water bodies in the

study area. There are three major drainages in the study areas

which are Kelempung River, Kumbang River and Kubu River.

These three rivers are tributaries of Selangor River that flow from

the eastern part of Kuala Kubu Bharu to the Malacca straits facing

the western part of Selangor, with the length of 77km.

Table 3.5.7 The length of the river in Kuala Kubu Bharu

(Source: Department of Drainage and Irrigation)

Minor Drainage

Minor drainage can be divided into two types which are u-shape

drainage and v-shape drainage. U-shape drainage is mostly used in

residential and commercial area. V-shape drainage usually located

near the main road which maintained by Jabatan Kerja Raya.

Table…Type and size of drainage based on the location

(Source: Department of Infrastructure and Engineering, Hulu

Selangor District Council)

There are certain area in Kuala Kubu Bharu used drain cover as

part of the safety and good appearance. This can be seen at the

commercial area, especially in the farm‟s market.

Figure 3.5.9 Drain cover in commercial area

RIVER

LENGTH (km)

Kelempung river

4

Kumbang River

2

Kubu river

11

TYPE OF

DRAINAGE

SIZE

(inches)

DEPTH/

HEIGHT

(inches)

LOCATION

U-shape 12 17.3 All residential area

U-shape 12 17.3 All commercial area

V-shape 18 24.0 Main road

128

Figure 3.5.10 Natural drainage in study area

(Source: Related sector, Environment sector)

129

Water Runoff

Water runoff usually occurs when there is excess water from rain

or river flows to the land. Generally, it happened when the soil is

infiltrated to full capacity, and it is called as surface runoff.

During rain, the water will flow from the higher level of

land to either major drainage or minor drainage. Based on the

rainfall data provided by the related sector, Kuala Kubu Bharu had

been received a lot of rainfall ranging from 6.5 ml to 335 ml in

year 2010. The amount of rainfall starts at 71.5 ml in January and

decreases drastically in February with an increment of 6.5 ml. The

pattern repeated until December with different changes of rainfall

amount.

Table 3.5.8 The rainfall data in 2010

(Sources: Related sector, Environment sectore, from the

Metereology Department)

Figure 3.5.11 Natural drainage and water inflow in the study area


0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JULY AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

Axi

s Ti

tle

Rainfall mm

Water inflow

130

Flood Prone Area

There is no flood prone area in the study area as it has many water

basins surround the study area. However, there are certain areas

outside the boundary that are prone to flood, such as Batang Kali.

Sungai Selangor River Basin is located outside of the study

area. It is the tributaries of the three rivers that can be found in

Kuala Kubu Bharu which are Kelempong River, Kumbang River

and Kubu River. As Kuala Kubu Bharu is located 80 metres above

sea level, which is lower than its vicinity area, by following the

laws of gravity, water will decends from the mountain peaks to the

lowest elevation of sea level, which is Kuala Kubu Bharu.

As it is located at the lower level, based on the rainfall data

provided, it can be stated that due to the monsoon season occur

mainly in November and December, Kuala Kubu Bharu are prone

to flood in future. Due to the size and length of the current river

and the condition of the man-mad drainage system, flooding may

occur in future.

Figure 3.5.12 Three-dimensional topography map that shows the location of Kuala Kubu Bharu


131

Map on draiange

132

3.5.4 WATER SUPPLY

INTRODUCTION

Water supply is an element of infrastructure that needs to

be managed in efficiently and properly. A well managed water

supply system will be a catalyst of economic growth which is can

provide convenient water supply services and good water quality

for local resident in Kuala Kubu Bharu town. A water supply

service in Kuala Kubu Bharu town is provided by Syarikat Bekalan

Air Selangor (SYABAS) Sdn. Bhd.


Existing Water Supply System

During the site visit, several existing water supply

infrastructure had been found and its location had been identified

in the study area. The total acreage for water supply infrastructure

inside the boundary is 0.43 acre. The treated water is come from

Kuala Kubu Bharu Water Treatment Plant and stored in Kuala

Kubu Bharu Water Tank before it had being distributed to the

consumers. These two water supply infrastructure are located

outside the study area boundary. There are several water supply

infrastructures inside the study area boundary such:

Table 3.5.9 Water supply infrastructure inside the study area

Name Location

SYABAS Water Pump House

Padang Golf

Jalan Padang Golf near to

Rumah Ehsan Staff Quarters

SYABAS Water Tank Taman Arif At Taman Arif near to musolla.

SYABAS Water Tank Committed

Dev. Padang Golf

Jalan Tun Abdul Razak near to

Kampong Tun Abdul Razak

During the site visit, some questionnaire had been

distributed among 150 respondents in the study area. From the

questionnaire, 87.3% (131 respondents) said that water supply in

the study area is very good and good condition while 12.7% (19

respondents) said that water supply in the study area is in poor and

very poor condition.

Figure 3.5.13 Water Tank at Taman Arif

The result of questionnaire shows that most of the local

residents are satisfied with water supply system in Kuala Kubu

Bharu. During the interview with local residents, there is no issue

and problem issuance by the local residents.

From the observation during the site visit, most of physical

conditions of water supply infrastructures are in fair condition

which it should be improved and enhanced in order to give good

image to the Kuala Kubu Bharu town. SYABAS and Hulu

Selangor District Council should have an appropriate management

plan to solve the issue and problem.

Water Treatment Plant

Water treated for the whole Kuala Kubu Bharu is supplied

by Kuala Kubu Bharu Water Treatment Plant. The water treatment

plant has a capacity to provide 6.7 million litres treated water per

day (MLD). Table show details of Kuala Kubu Bharu Water

Treatment Plant:

Table 3.5.10 Kuala Kubu Bharu Water Treatment Plant

Kuala Kubu Bharu Water Treatment Plant located 1km to

the north-east of Kuala Kubu Bharu town centre. The water

treatment plant scheme is managed by a concessionaire namely

Puncak Niaga while the distribution is managed by Syarikat

Bekalan Air Selangor Sdn. Bhd. (SYABAS).

Kuala Kubu Bharu Water Treatment Plant is design to

supply 6.7 million litres treated water per day. There is also a water

tank named Kuala Kubu Bharu Water Tank built closely to the

water treatment plant with the storage capacity of 2.727 million

litres in one time.

The raw water for Kuala Kubu Bharu water treatment plant

is taken from Sungai Kubu and Sungai Gerachi which are main

tributaries of Sungai Selangor basin.

Name of Water

Treatment

Plant

Location Year of

Built

Capacity

(MLD)

Kuala Kubu

Bharu Water

Treatment

Plant

1km to the

north-east of

Kuala Kubu

Bharu town

centre

2001

6.7

133

Figure 3.5.14 Kuala Kubu Bharu Water Treatment Plant

Figure 3.5.15Kuala Kubu Bharu Water Tank

Water Treatment Plant Process

The treatment process of Kuala Kubu Bharu Water

Treatment Plant consists of seven processes to turn raw water to

treated water for the use of consumers.

Firstly, raw water from river is pumped from Sungai

Gerinchi and Sungai Kubu to the water intake tank. Then the raw

water is channeled to the floating boom and a coarse screen which

traps floating debris. The water then flows through a rotating band

screen which traps smaller debris and sediment settle into sand

hoppers built into the floor of the intake channel. Then raw water

then pumped to treatment plant via a raw water pipe.

At the treatment plant, the raw water enters the aerator

which is designed to create sufficient turbulence to achieve a

dissolved oxygen content of 80% saturation at ambient

temperature. Here, pre-lime and a primary coagulant which is poly

aluminum chloride are added. Then, the raw water flows to a flash

mixing chamber where a flocculants aid (polyelectrolyte) is added

for easier removal in the clarification process.

In the clarification, clarifiers perform the function of flock

concentration, collection and discharge. Then, clarified water is

filtered through a sand filter media to trap unsettled particles which

are not settled in the clarification process. During fluoridation

process, the filtered water is collected at the filtered water channel

where sodium silicofluoride is added.

In the clear water tank, chlorine is added for disinfection

and tests to ensure it free from pathogenic organisms. Hydrated

lime also added for pH correction. The clear water tank also

provides sufficient contact time for the disinfection and

conditioning chemicals to work on the water.

From the clear water tank, treated water is pumped to the

balancing tank (a huge water reservoir). In the balancing reservoir,

the treated water is stored before distributed to smaller service

reservoirs through gravitational method which to cater the needs of

the consumers.

134

Figure 3.5.16 The overall image of water treatment process of Kuala Kubu Bharu Treatment Plant

(Source: Syarikat Bekalan Air Selangor (SYABAS) Sdn. Bhd.)

135

Non Revenue Water

Non revenue water (NRW) is the water which has been

produced by water treatment plant and is lost before it reaches the

customer. The losses can be in term of real losses or apparent

losses. Real losses are because of leaks of the water supply pipe or

sometime also referred as physical losses. Apparent losses are

referred to the action of stealing water supply like theft or the

metering inaccuracies.

In the study area, the current non revenue water is about

18.3% (data source from SYABAS) of the treated water produced

by the Kuala Kubu Bharu Water Treatment Plant in a year. The

major cause that had been identified is the leaks of the older

galvanised iron pipe with almost 20 years old ages.

Based on the data collected, non revenue water in the study

area is quite high for a suburban area like Kuala Kubu Bharu. In

order to solve this problem, Syarikat Bekalan Air Selangor Sdn.

Bhd. (SYABAS) have replaced the older galvanised iron pipes

which easily can break if there is extra water pressure with

hydensity polyethylene pipe (HDPE) which is much stronger to

support high water pressure. The replacement will take in several

phases starting from 2005 and expected to finish in 2012. Through

the replacement, SYABAS hope that the non revenue water in the

study area would drope down to only about 10% to 12% per

annum.

Non revenue water in the study area is almost 18.3%. It is

about 367.6 million litres treated water per annum which the 1

millon litres per day loss as non revenue water. The situation

should be handling in the best method and more effective

programme in order to overcome this issue.

Water Supply Projection

The water supply projection of the year 2020 will include

consideration of total population and the rate of water demand

from different land use in the study area. Presently, the current

demand of treated water for the study area is about 5,503,296 litres

per day while the population of the study area is 14,897 people.

Table show the data collected from SYABAS:

Table 1.5.11 Current Water Consumption based on type of land

use in the study area

Based on the data collected, the analysis can be done by

calculating the rate of water demand. Therefore, the rate of water

demand can be calculated in term of litre per person per day or litre

per area per day.

Rate of Water Demand = Quantity of Water Consumption

Population

i) Residential

Number of housing units = 3647 units

(Estimated 100 units are vacant) = 3647 – 100 = 3547 units

Average number of household for each house = 4.2

The current number of people in residential area = 3,547 x 4.2

= 14,897 people

Quantity of water consumption of residential area in the study area

is 2,170,129 litres per day. Therefore,

Litre per capita per day = 2,170,129 litres per day

(LPCD) 14,897 people

= 146 litres per capita per day

The projection of population in residential area in the year of 2020

is 15,866 people. The calculation of demand of the treated water

for residential area in the year 2020 as below:

Quantity of water = Rate of Water x Projection of Population

consumption Demand in the year 2020

= 146 x 17,304

= 2,526,384 litres per day.

ii) Commercial

For the commercial area, the rate of water demand used is in term

of litre per area per day. Thus, the total acreage of commercial area

in the study area is 143.97 acres. The calculation as below:

Quantity of water consumption of commercial area in the study

area is 775,167 litres per day. Therefore,

Litre per capita per day = 775,167 litres per day

(LPCD) 143.97 acres

= 5,385 litres per acre per day

Type of Land Use Total Water Consumption

(2011)

(litre/day)

Residential

2,170,129

Commercial

775,167

Institution

2,558,000

TOTAL 5,503,296

136

The rate of water demand of the commercial area in the year of

2020 is about 5,384 litres per area. The calculation of treated water

consumption of the commercial area in the year 2020 as below:

Quantity of water = Rate of Water x Projection of Total

consumption Demand Acreage of Commercial

= 5,384 x 143.97

= 775,279 litres per day.

The demand of the treated water of the commercial area in the year

of 2020 is remain unchanged because there is no committed

development on the commercial.

iii) Institutional

The institution is comprises public facilities and government

account. The rate of water demand of institution area is in term of

litre per area per day. The total acreage of institution area in the

study area is 446.54 acres. The calculation as below:

Quantity of water consumption of commercial area in the study

area is 2,558,000 litres per day. Therefore,

Litre per capita per day = 2,558,000 litres per day

(LPCD) 446.54 acres

= 5,729 litres per acre per day

The projection of treated water consumption of the commercial

area in the year of 2020 is about 5,726 litres per area. The

calculation of demand of the treated water of the commercial area

in the year 2020 as below:

Quantity of water = Rate of Water x Projection of Total

consumption Demand Acreage of Institution

= 5,729 x 446.54

= 2,558,228 litres per day.

Based on the calculation that had been made, the projection

is done for the year of 2020 because of the implementation of the

special area plan for Kuala Kubu Bharu is targeted until the year of

2020. Table show the projection of treated water in the study area.

Table 3.5.12 Projection of Water Demand Based on Type of Land Use

From the calculation and analysis that had been made, the

total quantity of water demand of the study area in the year of 2020

is 5,859,891 litres per day. The residential area record big increases

of water demand from the year of 2011 (current) to the year of

2020 which is about 356,255 litres per day. The commercial area

and institution area record small increases. The data collected from

other related sector such sector commercial and sector public

facilities shows there is no committed development or any

development proposal for both types of land use in the study area.

Comparing to the current water demand in the study area

(in the year of 2011), there is increasing in the quantity of water

demand which is about 356,595 litres per day.

Average non revenue water for the study area is 0.9

millions litres per day. Thus, total water supply for the study area is

about 5.8 million litres per day. So, the current water treatment

plant provide sufficient water supply to the study area.

For the projection in 2020, the estimated that 5.86 million

litres per day is required and the water treatment plant only can

provide 5.8 million litres per day. But due to the replacement

programme, SYABAS will ensure that the non revenue water in

2015 and 2020 is around 10% to 12% only and the treated water

that can be supplied to the customers in Kuala Kubu Bharu would

increase up to 6.1 million litres per day.

In conclusion, the increases of water demand in 2020 could

not create shortage situation in the study area because the water

demand is still below and not exceeding the capacity of water

supply provided by Kuala Kubu Bharu water treatment plant. But,

the most challenging for SYABAS is to ensure that their target to

achieve only 10% non revenue water by the the year 2015 could be

realize. If not, it would create shortage to the study area due to

increases of water demand and high non revenue water.

Land Use Projection of Water Demand

(Litre Per Day)

2011

(Current)

2020

Residential

2,170,129

2,526,384

Commercial

775,167

775,279

Institutions

2,558,000

2,558,228

TOTAL

5,503,296

5,859,891

137

Map on water

138

3.5.5 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

INTRODUCTION

As an administrative centre of Hulu Selangor district, Kuala

Kubu Bharu town should enhance and take care of it town image.

The cleanliness and beauty of the town is the aspects that should be

focused. Thus, a systematic solid waste management play a vital

role to ensure the cleanliness of the Kuala Kubu Bharu town is

always in the good condition. Solid waste management in the study

area is conducted by contractor that is appointed by Hulu Selangor

District Council (MDHS)

Existing Solid Waste Management Facilities

Existing solid waste management facilities in the study area

are focuses on the garbage collection house, individual dustbin and

recycle dustbin. There are 5 garbage collection houses, 22

dumpster, 5 container bin, 11 recycle dustbin and individual

dustbin located in front of each dwelling unit and premise in the

study area.

Schedule of Garbage Collection

Basically, the schedule of garbage collection in the study

area is similar to other local authority in the district level.

Table 3.5.13 Garbage collection schedule in Kuala Kubu Bharu

Type of

Land Use

Frequency of

Garbage

Collection

Disposal Area

(Landfill)

Distance of

Landfill from

the Kuala

Kubu Bharu

Town Centre

Residential 3 times a week Sungai Sabai 14 km

Institution 3 times a week Sungai Sabai 14 km

Commercial Twice a day Sungai Sabai 14 km

Based to the Table above, the schedule of garbage

collection is similar to some local authority. The frequency of

garbage collection for each type of land use is relevant and in good

schedule but the local authority should identify some places that

need more frequent garbage collection. This is to ensure the

garbage in this collection point is well managed before it is

transferred to the landfill.

Landfill

The landfill for Kuala Kubu Bharu town is located in

Sungai Sabai, Kalumpang. It is located about 14 km from Kuala

Kubu Bharu town centre or 15 to 20 minutes travel journey by

vehicle.

Table 3.5.13 Details of the landfill

Landfill Acreage

(acre)

Design Capacity

(kg/day)

Lifespan

(years)

Sungai

Sabai

20 50,000 20

Figure 3.5.17 Sungai Sabai Landfill

Figure 3.5.18 Solis Waste Disposed at Sungai Sabai Landfill

Recycling Programme

Recycling programme in the study area is conducted by

Department of Environment under Majlis Daerah Hulu Selangor.

There are 11 places in the study area that locate recycle dustbin

such in the educational institution, commercial area at the town

centre, Masjid Ar-Rahmah, sport complex, training academy and

Dataran Kuala Kubu Bharu. These places are strategic to locate the

recycle dustbin because it has become focal point to the local

resident to do their daily activities.

139

Figure 3.5.19 Recycle dustbin located at town centre

Through the observation and interview that had been made

during the site visit, recycling programme in the study area is not

successful due to several factors. The factors that had been

identified are lack of awareness within the society in the study area

and also lack of awareness campaign in the study area.

Solid Waste Generation

The solid waste generation normally depends on the size of

the area, the total number of residents in the area and the variation

of activities within the area. From the secondary data collected

from Town Service Department of Hulu Selangor District Council,

the current average solid waste production in the study area is

between 30 to 40 tones (30,000- 40,000 kilogram) per day and it is

estimated that current solid waste production for a week is about

210 to 280 tones (210,000 to 280,000 kilogram).

Table 2 Solid waste generation rate based on each land use

Type of Land Use Solid Waste Generation Rate

Residential

0.9 kg per capita per day

Commercial

80.97 kg per acre per day

Institution

80.97 kg per acre per day

Solid waste generation rate for residential area is collected

from Town Service Department of Hulu Selangor District Council

while solid waste generation rate for commercial and institution

area is referred to Technical Report of Special Area Plan for

Dengkil Town Centre.

From the solid waste generation rate, the estimation of solid

waste production can be made. Therefore, solid waste generation

rate is calculated as below:

Quantity of Solid Waste = Solid Waste x Population

Production Generation Rate

OR

Quantity of Solid Waste = Solid Waste x Total Acreage

Production Generation Rate

i) Residential

Number of housing units = 3647 units

(Estimated 100 units are vacant) = 3647 – 100 = 3547 units

Average number of household for each house = 4.2

The current number of people in residential area = 3,547 x 4.2

= 14,897 people

Thus, the quantity of solid waste production for residential area on

daily basis is calculated as below:

Solid Waste Production = 0.9kg/capita/day x 14,897

= 13,407 kg per day

The projection of population in residential area in the year of 2020

is 15,866 people. The calculation of quantity of solid waste

production for the residential area in the year 2020 is:

Solid Waste Production = 0.9kg/capita/day x 17,304

= 15,574 kg per day

ii) Commercial

The solid waste generation rate for commercial area is 80.97 kg per

acre per day. Thus, the total acreage of commercial area in the

study area is 143.97 acres. The calculation as below:

Solid Waste Production = 80.97kg/acre/day x 143.97

= 11,657 kg per day

The projection of solid waste production for commercial area in the

year of 2020 as below:


= 11,657 kg per day

Basically, the current total solid waste production is same to the

total solid waste production projected in the year of 2020. It is

because there is no committed development and any future

development proposal regarding to the commercial area. It is

estimated that solid waste production for commercial area in the

year of 2020 is about 12,000 kg per day.

140

iii) Institutional

The institutional area is comprises public facilities and government

account. The total acreage of institutional area in the study area is

297.76 acres (not included recreational area). The calculation as

below:


= 24,110 kg per day

The projection of solid waste production for institutional area in

the year of 2020 as below:


= 24,110 kg per day

Basically, the current total solid waste production is same

to the total solid waste production projected in the year of 2020. It

is because there is no committed development and any future

development proposal regarding to the institutional area. It is

estimated that solid waste production for institution area in the year

of 2020 is about 24,500 kg per day due to increases number of

trainee at Fire Department Training Academy and Police

Department Training Academy.

Based from this solid waste generation rate, the estimation

of current solid waste produced in the study area is 49,174 kg per

day. This estimation is made based on the waste generation rate

and the total population in the study area. Total solid waste

production projected in the year of 2020 is about 52,074 kg per

day. Sungai Sabai Landfill still can support the total solid waste

production of the study area in the year 2020 due to its capacity to

disposed solid waste.

Quantity of solid waste production is keep increasing year

by year due to changes of population. Hulu Selangor District

Council (MDHS) through Town Service Department should have

integrated and well plan strategy to reduce the production of solid

waste. MDHS also need to create strong collaboration with Rukun

Tetangga Committee member that represent local residents in the

study area to ensure that all programme and campaign done will

give benefit to all parties.

141

Map on solid waste

142

3.5.6 SEWERAGE SYSTEM

INTRODUCTION

Sewerage system is a system of pipes used to collect and

carry rain, waste water and trade waste away for treatment and

disposal is called the sewerage or the waste water system. It is

important to have well planning on sewerage system. Improper

planning of the sewerage system can cause environmental pollution

especially to the water bodies. This also can contribute to health

problem in the society. Sewerage system in the study area is

conducted by Indah Water Konsortium (IWK) Sdn. Bhd. Indah

Water also has responsibility in cleaning, checking, monitoring and

maintaining the sewerage system.


Existing Sewerage System

Basically, there are types of sewerage system used in the

study area which is public sewerage system, individual septic tank

system, traditional sewerage system and private sewerage system.

The total acreage for sewerage infrastructure inside the boundary is

1.39 acres which comprises sewage treatment plant at Taman Arif

and Taman Seri Teratai. The rest sewerage infrastructure is located

inside the institution area.

For the public sewage treatment plant, there are three types

which are oxidation pond (OP) at Taman Arif, Imhoff Tank with

Pump System (ITPS) at Taman Seri Teratai and Communal Septic

Tank (CST) at Rumah Murah Padang Golf and Rumah Murah

Padang Tembak.

Figure 3.5.20 Sewage treatment plant at Taman Arif

In the study area, individual septic tank system is commonly

can be found in the public institution area. The location of the

individual septic tank in the study area as below:

1) Government Quarters

2) Jabatan Kerja Raya Quarters

3) Telekom Malaysia Berhad

4) Kuala Kubu Bharu Traffic Office

5) Hulu Selangor Police Headquarters

6) Mahkamah Seksyen Kuala Kubu Bharu

7) Hulu Selangor Land Office

8) Syed Manshor Library

9) Kuala Kubu Bharu Mini Stadium

10) Buddhist Temple

11) Hindus Temple

Traditional sewerage system in the study area normally can be

found in the residential area such Kampong Tun Abdul Razak,

Kampong Assam Kumbang, Kampong Dagang Setia and housing

area at Jalan Merak.

For private sewerage system in the study area, it can be found

at Hospital Kuala Kubu Bharu, Hulu Selangor District Council,

primary school, secondary school, Fire Department Training

Academy and Police Training Academy.

Figure 3.5.21 Pie chart of local resident opinion on sewerage system in

Kuala Kubu Bharu town

Total respondent take place in this questionnaire survey is

150 people. The pie chart show that almost 3/4 of the respondents

does not have any problem regarding to sewerage system in their

life and community. Besides that, some respondents also issuance

some of their unsatisfied issue such unpleasant smell from

traditional sewerage system. Therefore, Indah Water Konsortium

(IWK) and the owner of the sewerage system also need to solve

unsatisfied issues among the society.

The secondary data is collected from Treatment

Management Unit and Central Planning Unit of Indah Water

Konsortium (IWK) Sdn. Bhd. Basically, the sewage production is

closely related to the water supply. The sewage production can be

calculated from the data of water supply. Normally, 80-85% of

water demand will discharge as sewage. From this theory, the

calculation of sewage production can be made.

PERCENTAGE OF LOCAL RESIDENTS OPINION ON THE SEWERAGE SYSTEM IN KUALA

KUBU BHARU

Very Good

Good

Fair

Poor & Very Poor

143

Projection of Sewage Generation

The calculation will be done based on types of land use in the

study area. Since Kuala Kubu Bharu town is a suburban area, it is

estimated that 80% of water demand in the study area will be

converted into the form of sewage. The calculation of sewage

production as below:

Projection of water demand of residential area in the year of 2020

is 2,526,384 litres per day. Thus, the sewage generation for

residential area in the year 2020 is calculated as below:

80 x 2,526,384 = 2,021,107litres per day

100

Projection of water demand of commercial area in the year of 2020

is 775,279 litres per day. Thus, the sewage generation for

commercial area in the year 2020 is calculated as below:

80 x 775,279 = 620,223 litres per day

100

Projection of water demand of institutional area in the year of 2020

is 2,558,228 litres per day. Thus, the sewage generation for

institutional area in the year 2020 is calculated as below:

80 x 2,558,228 = 2,046,582 litres per day

100

Total sewage production that had been projected in the year 2020 is

4,129,712 litres per day.

Based on the calculation that had been made, total sewage

production projection in the year of 2020 is 4,129,712 litres per

day. The current sewerage system utilities is enough and

functioning in effectively and efficiently. Moreover, the current

sewerage system is limited and cannot be shared with other new

development. For new development, it should have its own

sewerage system in order to avoid over load or over burden

exceeding its own capacity.

144

Map on STP

145

S.W.O.T. ANALYSIS

ASPECT

STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES OPPORTUNITIES THREATS

a) Electrical Supply

1) The demand and supply of electrical

services are always adequate due to

high voltage transmission of

electricity towards study area.

1) Due to the maintenance and cable

lifespan, there are always shortages

of electrical supply in the study area.

1) The upgrading of the main intake

transmission will provide more

services and increase the

electrical supply towards study

area.

1) The maintenance of the substation

should be taken into consideration

as there should be no abandoned

substation in the area.

b) Telecommunication 1) Kuala Kubu Bharu has its own

transceiver station which supplied the

telecommunication services to the

whole area.

1) There are still using copper cable

instead of fibre optic cable.

1) There are more spaces that can be

utilized in the station as the

current user only 14.75%. The

remaining spaces can be used in

the future as the planner can

planned a good development on

technology such as wireless

technology in the study area.

2) Developing underground cabling

network in order to save the land

and avoiding stealing cables from

occur.

1) Overhead cable that had been

supplied currently had been

stealed by irresponsible people.

2) High cost of maintenance.

c) Drainage system 1) Better drainage system in study area

had managed to prevent flooding from

occur.

1) Less maintenance by the authorities

had caused the drain filled with

trash. At the same time, the

residence did not care as they leave

this matter to the authorities.

1) The upgrading of drainage system

in the particular area such as

residential will ensure the image

of the city is in good condition.

2) By locating the drain cover in the

particular area, it definitely can

enhance the cleanliness and safety

of the city.

1) The maintenance of the drain

should be responsible by all

people.

d) Water Supply

1) Water treatment plant located near to

the study area.

2) Rich in source of raw water due to

location of the study area as located at

Sungai Selangor basin.

1) High Non Revenue Water

2) High maintenance cost of water

supply infrastructure due to it hilly

topography.

3) Poor physical condition of existing

water supply infrastructure.

1) Gravitational system can be used

for distribution of treated water

from the water treatment plant

and water tank to the consumer.

1) Leakages of water supply pipes.

2) Short lifespan of water supply

infrastructures.

e) Solid Waste Management 1) Some garbage collection house

located at strategic place in the study

area which focal point for local

resident do their daily activities.

1) Disposal landfill located quite far

from the study area.

2) Lack of awareness to recycle

garbage among the local residents.

1) Garbage buyers or collectors take

this advantage to do their

business in the study area.

1) High cost of transporting the

solid waste from study area to the

landfill.

f) Sewerage System 1) Sewage treatment plant is managed

and maintained in properly manner

and efficiently.

1) Traditional sewerage system may

overload if there is no monitoring by

the owner.

1) Local residents nearby the sewage

treatment plant can live there

without any negative health

impact.

1) Decreases of land value located

nearby the sewage treatment

plant.

146

ISSUES AND PROBLEMS

Table below show that several issues related to the sector of infrastructure and utilities:

ISSUES RELATED TO THE SECTOR OF INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES

Elements of

Infrastructure

Issues and problems Verification Actions

Electrical supply

Electrical shortages in certain area. There are a few cases of shortages in certain area based on

survey and questionnaire that had been distributed to people.

Mostly complaint on the shortages that affect their daily lives.

The electrical shortages are caused by the abandoned cable in

the main transmission intake in Rasa.

The authorities should carry out inspections and

need to check the systems regularly relating

electrical services and supply so that the

shortages of electrical supply that happen

regularly can be avoided.

Abandoned electrical substation and

transformer.

There are a few electrical substations in the study area that

had been abandoned. There are irresponsible people who did

vandalism on the substation. These resulted on the bad

appearance and image of the community. Abandoned

substation may cause damage to the transformer.

Figure 3.5.22 Abandoned TNB substation in Taman Juta

The authorities should do regular maintenance on

the abandoned substation. The communities are

also responsible to take care of the surrounding

area of the electrical substation.

Solid Waste Management Some garbage collection house in the study area

is planned and provided in inefficient location

and difficult to maintain.

Inefficient and unsuitable location that locate garbage

collection house in the study area causes unpleasant smell and

bad view to the people surrounding it. It is because most of

the garbage is spilling out and scattered in the surrounding

garbage collation house. It gives negative perception of tourist

and outsider that come to the study area. It will give bad

image to the study area.

Identify another suitable location to transfer the

garbage collection house.

Establish a monitoring unit to monitor and

maintain the garbage collection house, so, it can

be always in clean and good condition.

Increase the frequency of garbage collection for

the garbage collection house that always

overloaded.

147

ISSUES RELATED TO THE SECTOR OF INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES

Elements of

Infrastructure

Issues and problems Verification Actions

Telecommunication system

Cables had been stolen by irresponsible people and

result in a loss of money for the authorities.

There are a few cable stealing cases in the study area

especially in Kampung Tun Razak. As there are

oversupplying of telecommunication services in the

area, the authorities had supplied distribution point

and copper cable in the area. The people are not

using telecommunication services provided and the

distribution point and the cables are left abandoned

and unchecked. Some people had taken this chance

to steal the cable and sold it to get money.

Telecommunication services should be provided if

there is demand on the area. If there is no demand,

there is no need to provide the services as it may

cause oversupply and causing loss of money.

Drainage system Abandoned drainage system in the residential area

because of the unclean garbage in the drain.

The authority did not clean up the drain regularly as

the garbage fill the drain. This should not be happen

as it may cause flood to the area. The water cannot

flow freely as there are many obstacles and this may

cause the water to stagnant on the road. The residents

also did not want to clean up the drain as they think

it is the authority duty to clean it up.

Figure 3.5.23 Garbage in the drain in residential area

(Taman Seruling)

The authorities should do maintenance and clean the

drain regularly. Instead of expecting the authorities

to clean the garbage, the residence also should know

their responsibilities as it is part of their house. The

image of the area are depends on the appearance of

the surrounding.

148

INTRODUCTION

he purpose of traffic and transportation system is to

coordinate the movement of people, goods and vehicles in

order to utilize routes most efficiently. When

implemented, traffic and transportation systems seek to reduce

transport costs and improve delivery times through effective

timetabling and route management. This scope of study is also to

identify the problems related to transportation in study site. In case,

it actually functional to reveal the difficulties that faced people on

study site. Hence, it is basically one of important data that needed

for future reference.

In Kuala Kubu Bharu, traffic and transportation is one of

the major elements on this very technical report. By knowing the

flow of traffic and the transportation of the site, it will come out

with the movement of the community whether it is become good or

getting worse. To be highlighted here, one of the major roads

inside Kuala Kubu Bharu is heading to Fraser Hill called Route 55

or Jalan Pahang. Along the Kuala Kubu Bharu also have

expressway which is PLUS Highway, arterial and local road. Kuala

Kubu Bharu also connected with the Commuter Service provided

by KTMB and already located one of the station at Kuala Kubu

Bharu.

OBJECTIVES

The objectives that are search at Kuala Kubu Bharu are;

To estimate the traffic volume as well as road capacity in

Kuala Kubu Bharu

To evaluate traffic management at the site and its efficiency

To identify parking characteristic and its impact on users

To recognize the impact of road network and road

geometric along with road intersection classification

To evaluate the usage of pedestrian and analyze the

condition of pedestrian linkages

To evaluate the existing public transportation and its

efficiency of service.

To identify the current issues and problems regarding

traffic and transportation and its impact on Kuala Kubu

Bharu.

SCOPE OF STUDY

The scope of study for sector traffic and transportation are;

Road Circulation

Road Geometric & Road Capacity

Road Intersection

Traffic volume

Traffic management

Parking

Public Transport

Pedestrian

Accident

T

3.7 TRAFFIC &TRANSPORTATION

149

3.7.1 ROAD CIRCULATION

oad circulation is about traffic routes and the measures

for traffic regulation. It also indicates the roads for use

of certain classes of traffic. The roads also connected

with one of the land to another land uses. This is the crucial matter

in the planning method that indicated the connectedness between

one parts to another. The better road network system can be carried

out with the better movement of people in terms of sending goods,

money and activities.

At Kuala Kubu Bharu, the town is surrounding with the proper

road network to get to the town itself which is connected with the

high end highway road system. Also, one of the major road in

Kuala Kubu Bharu also is one of the road that heading to Fraser

Hill and the road is commonly used by people to getting there. In

studying the road circulation in Kuala Kubu Bharu, some data

might be required that are;

types of existing road network system

accessibility

time period

DATA COLLECTION

On this data collection of road circulation, the observation

has been done through the site visit field work at Kuala Kubu

Bharu. Kuala Kubu Bharu has connected with surrounding well

road network systems. The federal road is maintained by

Department of Public Works (JKR) while Hulu Selangor District

Council (MDHS) maintained the road inside Kuala Kubu Bharu.

The existing roads networks that surroundings the Kuala

Kubu Bharu are PLUS Highway which is connected east to the

south of Malaysia and Kuala Kubu Bharu located at the middle of

the location of the road. Also, Route 1 that is from Kuala Lumpur

and Route 55 that heading to Fraser Hill. These are the federal

roads that maintained by the Department of Public Work.

While the roads inside Kuala Kubu Bharu such as Jalang

Pahang, Jalan Merdeka, Jalan Dato Balai, Jalan Rasathurai, Jalan

Kubu is maintained by the local authority which is Hulu Selangor

District Council (MDHS) itself.

Figure 3.7.1 Department of Public Works logo

Figure 3.7.2 Hulu Selangor District Council (MDHS) logo

R

150

Figure 3.7.1.1.1; road network surrounding the Kuala Kubu Bharu

151

Figure 3.7.1.1.2; road network inside Kuala Kubu Bharu

152

ANALYSIS & FINDINGS

On this Kuala Kubu Bharu road circulation, it connected

with the major and minor road which is arterial road, sub arterial

road, collector road and lastly local road. For the arterial road, the

Route 1 and Route 55 are considered as the arterial road because it

connected with different land uses. While the jalan Pahang are

considered as Sub arterial road.

Collector road take place on Jalan Merdeka, Jalan Kubu and

also Jalan Bukit Kerajaan which is connected from the sub arterial

road to local road. Then, local road take places on other roads that

mention above. Example for the local road is Jalan Rasathurai,

Jalan Dato Balai and so on inside the town center.

ACCESIBILITY TO KUALA KUBU BHARU

Kuala Kubu Bharu is connected within any location which is

north for people are from Penang or Kedah, south for people from

Kuala Lumpur or Johor Bharu and north east from people from

Fraser Hill.

For people from north which is come from Penang or Kedah, they

may use the PLUS Highway to get to Kuala Kubu Bharu. Then,

along the highway, they should take the Tanjung Malim / Rawang

exit to reach Kuala Kubu Bharu which is passed through Tanjung

Malim.

For people from south which is come from Johor Bharu, Kuala

Lumpur or Melaka, they also should take the easiest way to get to

Kuala Kubu Bharu via PLUS Highway also. It also called Route 1

because before they reach the PLUS highway to get to Kuala Kubu

Bharu, first they have to travel through different federal roads that

are connected along the way to kuala Kubu Bharu then connect

with PLUS Highway. Then, they should take the same exit which

is Tanjung Malim / Rawang exit to reach Kuala Kubu Bharu.

For people from north-east which is from Fraser Hill, they may use

the only road heading to Kuala Kubu Bharu called Route 55.

People from south and north also use this road to get to Fraser Hill

as alternative way.

ACCESSIBILITY TO THE TOWN CENTER

There are several roads that connected to Kuala Kubu Bharu along

South, West and East of the town which is;

Jalan Merdeka

Jalan Kubu

Jalan Abdul Hamid

Jalan Rasathurai

Jalan Merdeka and Jalan Kubu are connected with Jalan Pahang

which also called Route 55 at the south of the town. While Jalan

Abdul hamid is connectd with jalan Syed Masyor at the West of the

town and Jalan Rasathurai connected with Jalan padang tembak at

the east.

153

3.7.2 ROAD GEOMETRIC AND ROAD CAPACITY

INTRODUCTION TO ROAD GEOMETRIC

Road geometrics are basically about road design, shape, curve that

must be interconnect for accessibility and immobility.Roads are

divided into two groups by area, i.e. rural and urban. Roads in rural

areas are further classified into five categories by function namely

Expressway, Highway, Primary Road, Secondary Road and Minor

Road and into four categories in urban area, namely, Expressway,

Arterial, Collector and Local Street. The general application of

road in urban area is as follow:

i. Expressway

An Expressway is a divided highway for through traffic

with full control of access and always with grade

separations at all intersections.

ii. Arterials

An arterial is a continuous road with partial access control

for through traffic within urban areas. Basically, it conveys

traffic from residential areas to the vicinity of the central

business district or from one part of a city to another which

does not intend to penetrate the city centre. Arterials do not

penetrate identifiable neighbourhoods. Smooth traffic flow

is essential since it carries large traffic volume.

iii. Collectors

A collector road is a road with partial access control

designed to serve on a collector or distributor of traffic

between the arterial and the local road systems. Collectors

are the major roads which penetrate and serve identifiable

neighbourhoods, commercial areas and industrial areas.

iv. Local Streets

The local street system is the basic road network within a

neighbourhood and serves primarily to offer direct access to

abutting land. They are links to the

collector road and thus serve short trip lengths. Through

traffic should be discouraged.

For the purposes of road administration, roads are classified as

Federal, State, Local Authority (City Hall, Municipal or Local

Council) or Kampong (District Office) Roads depending upon their

jurisdiction.

i. Federal Road

Federal Roads are roads that are gazetted under the

Federal Road ordinance and are usually roads linking

the State Capitals, Airports, Railway Stations and Ports.

Roads within the FELDA Land Schemes and those in

other Regional Land Schemes constructed with Federal

Funds also fall under this category. The maintenance of

these roads are the responsibility of the Federal

Government and is done through the State JKR with

funds from the Federal Government.

ii. State Road

State Roads are all the other roads within the State

outside the jurisdiction of the Local Authority or

District Office, built to JKR standards. The maintenance

of these roads are the responsibility of the State

Government and is done through the State JKR.

iii. Local Road

Local Authority Roads are all those roads within the

limits of the Local Authority and are normally

maintained by the responsible local authority.

iv. „Kampong‟ Road

„Kampong‟ (District Office) Roads are all those roads

directly under the jurisdiction of the District Office.

They are usually earth roads with no right of way. The

maintenance of these roads are the responsibility of the

District Office.

INTRODUCTION TO ROAD CAPACITY

The Road capacity means the ability of a roadway to

accommodate traffic and is defined as the maximum number of

vehicles that can pass over a given time period under prevailing

roadway and traffic conditions. Capacity is also usually stated in

terms of passenger car units (p.c.u).

The importance of road capacity is to plan and design

highway facilities. Road capacity will indicate the highway type,

number of lane, lane width and road intersection. Moreover, road

capacity also important in order to improve and for any future

changes on the road geometrics features, intersection features and

traffic management measures. There are many factors affecting

road capacity which consists of:

i. Number and width of the lane where more numbers of

lane and wider the width of the lane can accommodate

more traffic.

ii. Width of the shoulder which means more wider the

shoulder gives more functions in term of safety such

functioning as emergency lane for not moving vehicles.

154

iii. Commercial vehicles which can increase the road

capacity if there is any commercial activities at that

area.

DATA COLLECTION

Road Geometrics

Existing road network system creates road hierarchy within

Kuala Kubu Bharu town center to serve different volume capacity

from one location to another. Referring to the JKR information,

Kuala Kubu Bharu consists of 3 hierarchies of roads which are:

Federal road

State road

Local road

Table 3.7.1 Road dimension at the selected road by field work

survey.

Type/Name of

road

Width (m ) Number of

lane

Right of way

(m)

Federal Road

(FT 55 ) – Jalan

Pahang

8.8 2 19.4

Federal Road

(FT 55 ) – Road

towards Fraser

Hill

5.4 2 14.4

State Road –

Jalan Merdeka

8.6 2 20.2

Local Road –

Jalan Kolam Air

5.8 2 10.4

Local Road–

Jalan Pesara

4.2 1 6.2

Local Road–

Jalan Seruling

6.3 2 17.7

Road Capacity

The term road capacity pertains to the ability of a roadway

to accommodate traffic and is defined as the maximum number of

vehicles that can pass over a given section of a lane or a roadway

during a given time period under prevailing roadway and traffic

conditions.

Capacity is also usually stated in terms of passenger car

units (p.c.u). Table 3.7.2 gives the conversion factors to be used in

converting the various classes of vehicles to passenger car units.

Type of

Vehicle

Equivalent Value in passenger car unit‟s (PCU)

Rural Standard Urban Standard

Cars 1.0 1.0

Motorcycle 1.0 0.75

Lorries 3.0 3.0

Buses 3.0 3.0

Table 3.7.2 shows the conversion of various classes of vehicles to

p.c.u’s.

Source: A Guide on Geometric Design of Roads, Public Works

Department, Malaysia

Level of Service

The service volume is the maximum volume of traffic that a

designed road would be able to serve without the degree of

congestion falling below a preselected level as defined by the level

of service which is the operating conditions at the time the traffic is

at the design hour volume. Table 3.7.2.3 gives an indication of the

Levels of service (LOS).

Level of Service Remarks

A Free Flow with low volumes, densities and

high speeds. Drivers can maintain their speeds

with little or no delay.

B Stable Flow. Operating speeds beginning to be

restricted somewhat by traffic conditions.

Some slight delay.

C Stable Flow. Speeds and manoeuvrability are

more closely controlled by higher volumes.

Acceptable delay.

D Approaching Unstable Flow. Tolerable

operating speeds which are considerably

affected by operating conditions. Tolerable

delay.

E Unstable Flow. Yet lower operating speeds and

perhaps stoppages of momentary duration.

Volumes are at or near capacity congestion and

intolerable delay.

F Forced Flow. Speeds and volume can drop to

zero. Stop pages can occur for long periods.

Queues of vehicles backing up from, a

restriction downstream.

Table 3.7.3 shows the indicators of Level of Service.

Source: A Guide on Geometric Design of Roads, Public Works

Department, Malaysia

156

Road Geometrics

Type/Name

of Road

Road Dimension (m)

Cross-section/

Picture No. of

Traffic

Lane

Width of

each

Traffic

Lane

Carriage

Way

Width

Shoulder

Width

Landscape

Width

Pedestrian

Width

Drainage

Width

Right of

Way

Width

Federal Road

(FT 55 )

Jalan Pahang

2

4.4m

8.8m

5.6m

(both of si

de)

2m

(both of side)

-

3m

(both of side)

19.4m

157

Type/Name of

Road

Road Dimension (m)

Cross-section/

Picture No. of

Traffic

Lane

Width of

each

Traffic

Lane

Carriage

Way

Width

Shoulder

Width

Landscape

Width

Pedestrian

Width

Drainage

Width

Right of

Way

Width

Federal Road

(FT 55 )

Road

Towards

Fraser Hill

2

2.7m

5.4m

-

6m

(both of side)

-

3m

(both of side)

14.4m

158

Type/Name of

Road

Road Dimension (m)

Cross-section/

Picture No. of

Traffic

Lane

Width of

each

Traffic

Lane

Carriage

Way

Width

Shoulder

Width

Landscape

Width

Pedestrian

Width

Drainage

Width

Right of

Way

Width

State Road

Jalan

Merdeka

2

4.3m

8.6m

-

7.6m

(both of side)

-

4m

(both of side)

20.2m

159

Type/Name of

Road

Road Dimension (m)

Cross-section/

Picture Width of

each

Traffic

Lane

Carriage

Way

Width

Shoulder

Width

Landscape

Width

Pedestrian

Width

Drainage

Width

Right of

Way Width

No. of

Traffic

Lane

Local Road

Jalan Kolam

Air

2

2.9m

5.8m

-

-

1.6m

3m

(both of side)

10.4m

160

Type/Name of

Road

Road Dimension (m)

Cross-section/

Picture Width of

each

Traffic

Lane

Carriage

Way

Width

Shoulder

Width

Landscape

Width

Pedestrian

Width

Drainage

Width

Right of

Way Width

No. of

Traffic

Lane

Local Road

Jalan Pesara

1

4.2m

4.2m

-

-

-

2m

(both of side)

6.2m

161

Type/Name of

Road

Road Dimension (m)

Cross-section/

Picture Carriage

Way

Width

Shoulder

Width

Landscape

Width

Pedestrian

Width

Drainage

Width

Right of

Way Width

No. of

Traffic Lane

Width of

each

Traffic

Lane

Local Road

Jalan

Seruling

2

3.15m

6.3m

-

8.4m

(both of side)

-

3m

(both of side)

17.7m

Table 3.7.4 shows road dimension at selected location at Kuala Kubu Bharu.

162

Road Capacity

Roads in Kuala Kubu Bharu town centre is categorized as the urban standards road.

Table 3.7.5 and 3.7.6 shows the calculations and the results of road capacity

of Kuala Kubu Bharu town centre according to the equivalent value in p.c.u for

urban standards road.

.

Table 3.7.5 shows the calculation of road capacity for weekends at Kuala Kubu Bharu

Table 3.7.6 shows the calculation of road capacity for weekdays at Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Source: Capacity, A Guide on Geometric Design of Roads, Public Works Department, Malaysia

Name of road

Day of the week

Total Hour

Total Count

(PCU/hour)

Max. count

(PCU/hour)

Min. count

(PCU/hour

)

Average

count

(PCU/hour)

Road

Capacity

(PCU/hour)

Volume/

Capacity

Ratio

Level of Service

(LOS)

Jalan Pahang Saturday 6 Hour 3430

707.5

403.25

571.67 2000 707.5

2000

=0.46

A

Jalan

Merdeka

Saturday 6 Hour 3520.75 649.75

504.75

586.79 2000 649.75

2000

=0.48

A

Route 55 Saturday 6 Hour 1149.75

229.5

148.75

191.63 2000 229.5

2000

=0.20

A

Name of road

Day of the week

Total Hour

Total Count

(PCU/hour)

Max. count

(PCU/hour)

Min. count

(PCU/hour)

Average

count

(PCU/hour)

Road

Capacity

(PCU/hour)

Volume/

Capacity

Ratio

Level of Service

(LOS)

Jalan Pahang Monday 2 Hour 1680.75

874.75 806

840.38 2000 874.75

2000

=0.57

A

Jalan

Merdeka

Monday 2 Hour 1500.25

751.5

748.75

750.13 2000 751.5

2000

=0.56

A

Route 55 Monday 2 Hour 238

139.5

98.5 119 2000 139.5

2000

=0.12

A

163

Findings

From the field survey it shows inconsistent road

dimension along Jalan Kolam Air especially near school area.

The difference road dimension along the road in front of

Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Kuala Kubu Bharu which

cause to traffic congestion especially before and after school

hours.

This because Jalan Kolam Air functioning as the access

road for fire fighter vehicles, army vehicles and also access for

parents and school bus to send students to school.

Referring to the existing road dimension of Jalan Kolam

Air, there is lack of allocation or reserve for pedestrian

walkway especially within school area and along the road

towards school. Due to this, it may create hazard to the

pedestrian especially to students.

164

3.7.3 ROAD INTERSECTION

INTRODUCTION

oad intersection is road intersection is a road junction

where two or more roads either meet or cross at grade

(they are at the same level). There are several types of

intersection that can be identified. Below are the types of

intersection:-

3-way intersection - A junction between three road

segments (arms) is a T junction (two arms form one

road) or a Y-junction.

4-way intersections are the most common, because

they usually involve a crossing over of two streets or

roads. In areas where there are blocks and in some

other cases, the crossing streets or roads are

perpendicular to each other. However, two roads

may cross at a different angle.

5-way intersections are less common but still exist,

especially in urban areas with non-rectangular

blocks.

DATA COLLECTION

In Kuala Kubu Bharu, study has been done about this

sector. In there, type of intersection mostly is actually type „T‟

junction and those types of intersection are not operated by

traffic light. There are only 2 intersections are 4-way type. The

location is in front of Majlis Daerah Hulu Selangor (MDHS)

and another one located at near to Bus Terminal. These

intersections are operated by traffic light.

There are 3 major intersection in Kuala Kubu Baru

where it basically used by people to access to the town center.

Traffic count has been carried out to determine traffic volume

on these intersections. The data basically count the number of

vehicles that through in to the intersection on respective time

especially during peak hour (weekday & weekend)

There are several photographs that have been taken to show the

intersections image and also it location.

R

167

Data that have been collected was by counting using traffic counter

method at 3 different intersections in Kuala Kubu Bharu, the data

are also taken at same time.

The tables below show the data that has been taken.

Intersection 1

Intersection 1- This is the intersection between Jalan Syed Mansor

and Jalan Pahang. The intersection is in front of Masjid jamek.

Intersection 2

Intersection 2 - This is the intersection between Jalan Merdeka

and Jalan Pahang.

Intersection 3

Intersection 3 - This is the intersection between Jalan Kubu and

Jalan Pahang.

168


Intersection 1

Analysis

Figure 3.7.3 shows the total in & out of vehicles to the

intersection 1 based on data collection in previous page. The data

taken according to specific time which is show in the table –

intersection 1

Findings

The type of this intersection is „T‟ junction. This

intersection also is not being operated by traffic light. Main Issue at

this intersection is about traffic flow at this intersection is giving

problems to people especially to the outsider. Basically, It is not

follow the Selangor guidelines. In that case, probability to occur

accidents is high.

Intersection 1 main point is people to get access to KKB hospital,

but actually, people also can access to the town center.

Figure beside is about the traffic volume analysis of

intersection 1. From the analysis, 202 of 737 vehicles are turn-left

from Dataran KKB road, and 92 of 428 vehicles is turn-right from

Bukit Fraser road. Which mean, the traffic volume this intersection

is actually moderate. On this intersection, more vehicles are goes

straight.

To Dataran KKB

To Fraser hill

To KKB hospital

169

Intersection 2

Analysis

Figure 3.7.4 shows the total in & out of vehicles to the

intersection 2 based on data collection in previous page. The data

taken according to specific time which is show in the table –

intersection 2

Findings

Types of intersection is „T‟ and intersection is follows the

Selangor Guidelines. This intersection also is not being operated by

traffic light. This intersection is major intersection in KKB because

the major use by people to access to the town center.

Beside is the figure of traffic volume analysis for

intersection 2. The level of traffic volume is high, which is over

500 vehicles used the intersection in one hour.

.

To KKB town centerl

To Fraser hill

To Dataran KKB

170

Intersection 3

Analysis

Figure 3.7.5 show the total in & out of vehicles to the intersection

3 based on data collection in previous page. The data taken

according to specific time which is show in the table –

intersection 3

Findings

The Types of intersection is „T‟. This intersection also is

not operated by traffic light and second major for people to access

the Kuala Kubu Bharu town center especially from Fraser Hill

road.

From the analysis, the traffic volume on this intersection is

also moderate. As shown by analysis figure beside, there are total

of 292 vehicles using this intersection to going in to town center

per one hour. There also 309 vehicles going out from town center

in one hour. Basically, this intersection is used by people to exit

from town center because to avoid some traffic congestion in the

middle of town center especially during peak hour.

To Fraser hill

To Dataran KKB

To KKBtown centerl

171

3.7.4 TRAFFIC VOLUME

INTRODUCTION

raffic volume can be identified from the traffic counting

during fieldwork. The purpose of traffic volume data is to

estimate future traffic volume in order to identify any

future expansion is needed. Traffic volume studies also are taken to

determine the number of movements and classifications of vehicles

in a specific location. This information can help classify significant

flow time periods and determine the influence of large vehicles and

small vehicle. The time period in which these traffic volumes are

calculated will vary depending on what data that is being collected

and what its purpose is.

- type of vehicle

- number of vehicle

- location(stations)

- time period (peak & off peak hours)

- traffic volume count

- passenger car unit

DATA COLLECTION

The methodology of traffic volume study;

On this data collection, it has been divided by two different

groups which are weekend and the weekday. For the both groups,

the data that have been collected located at three major roads in

Kuala Kubu Bharu which is at Jalan Pahang, Jalan Merdeka and

Route 55 which is heading to Fraser Hill. For weekend, traffic

volume counts are collected every 15 minutes for 6 hours period.

While for the weekday, the traffic volume counts are collected

every 15 minutes for 2 hours period only.

a) Weekend

i) Jalan Pahang

TIME TOTAL VEHICLES

( BOTH DIRECTION )

7.30 – 7.45 82

7.45 – 8.00 99

8.00 – 8.15 112

8.15 – 8.30 132

8.30 – 8.45 109

8.45 – 9.00 113

9.00 – 9.15 128

9.15 – 9.30 129

12.00 – 12.15 147

12.15 – 12.30 153

12.30 – 12.45 153

12.45 – 1.00 164

1.00 – 1.15 176

1.15 – 1.30 184

1.30 – 1.45 176

1.45 – 2.00 166

5.00 – 5.15 132

5.15 – 5.30 151

5.30 – 5.45 157

5.45 – 6.00 145

6.00 – 6.15 126

6.15 – 6.30 201

6.30 – 6.45 179

6.45 – 7.00 127

TOTAL 3441

Table 3.7.5 shows traffic volume at Jalan Pahang during

weekend

PREPARE

• Communicate with other staff department

• Review historical data trends

SELECT LOCATION

• Select proper location

• Plan the data collection preparations

COMPLETE STUDY

• Collect data

• Evaluate data

• calculate the traffic volume trends also PCU

DOCUMENT

• Finalize the report

• Analyze & Findings the data

T

172

ii) Jalan Merdeka

TIME TOTAL VEHICLES

( BOTH DIRECTIONS )

7.30 – 7.45 106

7.45 – 8.00 122

8.00 – 8.15 127

8.15 – 8.30 125

8.30 – 8.45 139

8.45 – 9.00 153

9.00 – 9.15 129

9.15 – 9.30 144

12.00 – 12.15 150

12.15 – 12.30 128

12.30 – 12.45 145

12.45 – 1.00 143

1.00 – 1.15 144

1.15 – 1.30 146

1.30 – 1.45 141

1.45 – 2.00 150

5.00 – 5.15 150

5.15 – 5.30 150

5.30 – 5.45 155

5.45 – 6.00 106

6.00 – 6.15 150

6.15 – 6.30 179

6.30 – 6.45 170

6.45 – 7.00 175

TOTAL 3427

Table 3.7.6 shows traffic volume at Jalan Pahang during

weekend

iii) Route 55

TIME TOTAL VEHICLES

( BOTH DIRECTIONS

7.30 – 7.45 28

7.45 – 8.00 30

8.00 – 8.15 33

8.15 – 8.30 37

8.30 – 8.45 38

8.45 – 9.00 36

9.00 – 9.15 42

9.15 – 9.30 36

12.00 – 12.15 39

12.15 – 12.30 52

12.30 – 12.45 59

12.45 – 1.00 43

1.00 – 1.15 53

1.15 – 1.30 47

1.30 – 1.45 47

1.45 – 2.00 61

5.00 – 5.15 42

5.15 – 5.30 41

5.30 – 5.45 59

5.45 – 6.00 50

6.00 – 6.15 61

6.15 – 6.30 49

6.30 – 6.45 42

6.45 – 7.00 55

TOTAL 1080

Table 3.7.7 shows traffic volume at Route 55 during weekend

b) Weekday

i) Jalan Pahang

TIME TOTAL VEHICLES

( BOTH DIRECTIONS )

7.45 – 8.00 275

8.00 – 8.15 222

8.15 – 8.30 175

8.30 – 8.45 185

8.45 – 9.00 196

9.00 – 9.15 199

9.15 – 9.30 188

9.30 – 9.45 196

TOTAL 1636

Table 3.7.8 shows traffic volume (Jalan Pahang) during weekday

ii) Jalan Merdeka

TIME TOTAL VEHICLES

( BOTH DIRECTIONS )

7.45 – 8.00 184

8.00 – 8.15 199

8.15 – 8.30 192

8.30 – 8.45 177

8.45 – 9.00 200

9.00 – 9.15 183

9.15 – 9.30 182

9.30 – 9.45 192

TOTAL 1509

Table 3.7.9 shows traffic volume (Jalan Merdeka) during weekday

iii) Route 55

TIME TOTAL VEHICLES

( BOTH DIRECTIONS )

7.45 – 8.00 23

8.00 – 8.15 19

8.15 – 8.30 21

8.30 – 8.45 33

8.45 – 9.00 39

9.00 – 9.15 25

9.15 – 9.30 32

9.30 – 9.45 33

TOTAL 225

Table 3.7.10 shows traffic volume (Route 55)during weekday

173

Map 3.7.1; the traffic volume location taken

1s

ac

sa

cd

ee

c1

1

2 3

1

2

3

174

ANALYSIS

a) Weekend

i) Jalan Pahang

NAME OF

ROAD

DAY OF

THE WEEK

TOTAL

COUNT

TIME

TAKEN

MAX COUNT

( 15 MINUTE )

MIN COUNT

(15 MINUTE )

AVERAGE COUNT

(15 MINUTE )

JALAN PAHANG

Saturday

3441

6 HOURS

201

82

573.5

Table 3.7.11 shows analysis of traffic volume at Jalan Pahang during weekend

Figure 3.7.6 shows chart analysis of the traffic volume at Jalan Pahang during weekend

Name of road Day of the week Total Count

(PCU/hour)

Time

Max. count

(PCU/hour)

Min. count

(PCU/hour)

Average count

(PCU/hour)

Jalan Pahang Saturday 3430

6 hours

707.5

403.25

571.67

Table 3.7.12 shows analysis of Passenger Car Unit (PCU) at Jalan Pahang during weekend

7.30 –

7.45

7.45 –

8.00

8.00 –

8.15

8.15 –

8.30

8.30 –

8.45

8.45 –

9.00

9.00 –

9.15

9.15 –

9.30

12.00 –

12.15

12.15 –

12.30

12.30 –

12.45

12.45 –

1.00

1.00 –

1.15

1.15 –

1.30

1.30 –

1.45

1.45 –

2.00

5.00 –

5.15

5.15 –

5.30

5.30 –

5.45

5.45 –

6.00

6.00 –

6.15

6.15 –

6.30

6.30 –

6.45

6.45-

7.00

BUS 1 2 0 2 1 0 1 3 2 0 2 4 2 4 1 3 3 3 2 0 1 1 3 1

LORRY 3 1 1 3 3 3 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 4 3 3 2 2 2 1 2 1 2 4 1

MOTOR 14 13 18 26 19 24 33 29 30 38 47 39 42 47 38 27 22 19 25 24 23 21 33 21

CAR 64 53 93 101 86 86 93 96 114 113 102 119 128 130 134 134 105 127 129 119 101 177 139 104

TOTAL VEHICLES ( BOTH DIRECTION ) 82 99 112 132 109 113 128 129 147 153 153 164 176 184 176 166 132 151 157 145 126 201 179 127

0

50

100

150

200

250

Nu

mb

er

Of

Co

un

t

TRAFFIC VOLUME ( JALAN PAHANG ) - WEEKEND

175

ii) Jalan Merdeka

NAME OF

ROAD

DAY OF

THE WEEK

TOTAL

COUNT

TIME

TAKEN

MAX COUNT

(15 MINUTE )

MIN COUNT

(15 MINUTE )

AVERAGE COUNT

(15 MINUTE )

JALAN MERDEKA Saturday 3427 6 HOURS 179 106 571.2

Table 3.7.13 shows analysis of traffic volume at Jalan Merdeka ( weekend )

Figure 3.7.7 shows chart analysis of the traffic volume at Jalan Merdeka ( weekend )


(PCU/hour)

Time

Max. count

(PCU/hour)

Min. count

(PCU/hour)

Average count

(PCU/hour)

Jalan Merdeka Saturday 3520.75 6 hours

649.75

504.75

586.79

Table 3.7.14 show analysis of Passenger Car Unit ( PCU ) for Jalan Merdeka - Weekend

7.30 –

7.45

7.45 –

8.00

8.00 –

8.15

8.15 –

8.30

8.30 –

8.45

8.45 –

9.00

9.00 –

9.15

9.15 –

9.30

12.00 –

12.15

12.15 –

12.30

12.30 –

12.45

12.45 –

1.00

1.00 –

1.15

1.15 –

1.30

1.30 –

1.45

1.45 –

2.00

5.00 –

5.15

5.15 –

5.30

5.30 –

5.45

5.45 –

6.00

6.00 –

6.15

6.15 –

6.30

6.30 –

6.45

6.45 –

7.00

BUS 1 2 3 1 0 1 2 3 2 1 3 1 3 1 0 3 0 3 1 3 1 2 3 1

LORRY 3 1 3 6 5 4 4 4 6 3 8 5 6 6 6 9 2 0 2 3 2 1 0 4

MOTOR 20 28 24 25 33 41 36 46 46 31 40 35 36 52 41 41 46 41 41 52 47 62 51 52

CAR 82 91 97 93 101 107 87 91 96 93 94 102 99 87 94 97 102 106 111 102 100 114 116 118

TOTAL VEHICLES ( BOTH DIRECTION ) 106 122 127 125 139 153 129 144 150 128 145 143 144 146 141 150 150 150 155 160 150 179 170 175

020406080

100120140160180200

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176

iii) Route 55

NAME OF

ROAD

DAY OF

THE WEEK

TOTAL

COUNT

TIME

TAKEN

MAX COUNT

(15 MINUTE )

MIN COUNT

(15 MINUTE )

AVERAGE COUNT

(15 MINUTE )

ROUTE 55

Saturday

1080

6 HOURS

61

30

180

Table 3.7.15 shows analysis of traffic volume at Route 55 ( weekend )

Figure 3.7.8 shows chart analysis of the traffic volume at Route 55 (weekend)


(PCU/hour)

Time

Max. count

(PCU/hour)

Min. count

(PCU/hour)

Average count

(PCU/hour)

Route 55

Saturday

1149.75

6 hours

229.5

148.75

191.63

Table 3.7.16 shows analysis of Passenger Car Unit ( PCU ) for Route 55 - Weekend

7.30 –

7.45

7.45 –

8.00

8.00 –

8.15

8.15 –

8.30

8.30 –

8.45

8.45 –

9.00

9.00 –

9.15

9.15 –

9.30

12.00 –

12.15

12.15 –

12.30

12.30 –

12.45

12.45 –

1.00

1.00 –

1.15

1.15 –

1.30

1.30 –

1.45

1.45 –

2.00

5.00 –

5.15

5.15 –

5.30

5.30 –

5.45

5.45 –

6.00

6.00 –

6.15

6.15 –

6.30

6.30 –

6.45

6.45 –

7.00

BUS 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 2 1 1 0 2 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0

LORRY 2 0 2 0 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 0 2 1 1 1 2 1 0 0 0 9 0

MOTOR 6 6 16 21 18 22 22 20 8 10 10 10 14 9 10 17 11 8 17 11 14 9 11 17

CAR 20 23 23 25 28 27 28 26 29 39 45 31 58 36 34 43 30 30 40 39 46 40 28 38

TOTAL VEHICLES ( BOTH DIRECTIONS ) 28 30 33 37 38 36 42 36 39 52 59 43 73 47 47 61 42 41 59 50 61 49 42 55

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

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TRAFFIC VOLUME ( ROUTE 55 ) - WEEKEND

177

Figure 3.7.4.2.1.4; traffic volume map for weekend

178

b) Weekday

i) Jalan Pahang

NAME OF

ROAD

DAY OF

THE WEEK

TOTAL

COUNT

TIME

TAKEN

MAX COUNT

( 15 MINUTES )

MIN COUNT

( 15 MINUTES )

JALAN PAHANG

Monday

857

7.45 - 8.45

275

185

Table 3.7.17 shows analysis of traffic volume at Jalan Pahang (weekend)

Figure 3.7.9 shows chart analysis of the traffic volume at Jalan Pahang (weekday)


(PCU/hour)

Time

Max. count

(PCU/hour)

Min. count

(PCU/hour)

Average count

(PCU/hour)

Jalan Pahang Monday 1680.75

2 hours

874.75 806

840.38

Table 3.7.18 analysis of Passenger Car Unit ( PCU ) for Jalan Pahang - Weekend

7.45 – 8.00 8.00 – 8.15 8.15 – 8.30 8.30 – 8.45 8.45 – 9.00 9.00 – 9.15 9.15 – 9.30 9.30 – 9.45

BUS 5 3 2 3 4 4 3 3

LORRY 4 5 10 2 8 5 7 5

MOTOR 69 53 29 50 41 47 48 56

CAR 197 161 134 130 143 143 130 132

TOTAL VEHICLES ( BOTH DIRECTIONS ) 275 222 175 185 196 199 188 196

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

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TRAFFIC VOLUME ( JALAN PAHANG ) - WEEKDAY

179

ii) Jalan Merdeka

NAME OF

ROAD

DAY OF

THE WEEK

TOTAL

COUNT

TIME

TAKEN

MAX COUNT

( 15 MINUTES )

MIN COUNT

( 15 MINUTES )

JALAN MERDEKA

Monday

752

7.45 - 8.45

199

177

Table 3.7.1 shows analysis of traffic volume at Jalan Merdeka (weekend)

Figure 3.7.10 shows chart analysis of the traffic volume at Jalan Merdeka (weekday)


(PCU/hour)

Time

Max. count

(PCU/hour)

Min. count

(PCU/hour)

Average count

(PCU/hour)

Jalan Merdeka Monday 1500.25

2 hours

751.5

748.75

750.13

Diagram 3.7.20 shows analysis of Passenger Car Unit ( PCU ) for Jalan Merdeka - Weekend

7.45 – 8.00 8.00 – 8.15 8.15 – 8.30 8.30 – 8.45 8.45 – 9.00 9.00 – 9.15 9.15 – 9.30 9.30 – 9.45

BUS 1 5 1 2 3 1 4 4

LORRY 5 3 7 4 7 3 5 5

MOTOR 62 64 45 66 71 61 59 63

CAR 116 127 139 105 119 118 114 120


0

50

100

150

200

250

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TRAFFIC VOLUME ( JALAN MERDEKA ) - WEEKDAY

180

iii) Route 55

NAME OF

ROAD

DAY OF

THE WEEK

TOTAL

COUNT

TIME

TAKEN

MAX COUNT

( 15 MINUTES )

MIN COUNT

( 15 MINUTES )

ROUTE 55

Monday

96

7.45 - 8.45

33

19

Table 3.7.21 shows analysis of traffic volume at Route 55 (weekend)

Figure 3.7.11shows chart analysis of the traffic volume at Route 55 (weekday)


(PCU/hour)

Time

Max. count

(PCU/hour)

Min. count

(PCU/hour)

Average count

(PCU/hour)

Route 55 Monday 238

2 hours 139.5

98.5 119

Table 3.7.22 shows analysis of Passenger Car Unit ( PCU ) for Route 55 - Weekend

7.45 – 8.00 8.00 – 8.15 8.15 – 8.30 8.30 – 8.45 8.45 – 9.00 9.00 – 9.15 9.15 – 9.30 9.30 – 9.45

BUS 0 0 3 0 1 1 1 2

LORRY 3 1 0 0 3 0 2 1

MOTOR 12 12 10 12 12 9 11 14

CAR 8 6 8 21 23 15 18 16


05

1015202530354045

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TRAFFIC VOLUME ( ROUTE 55 ) - WEEKDAY

181

Figure 3.7.4.2.2.4; traffic volume map for weekdays

182

FINDINGS

Traffic condition at Kuala Kubu Bharu mostly in smooth

traffic flowed without having bad congestion. Even though during

the peak hour, traffic at Kuala Kubu Bharu has never congestion at

all. This can be referred to analysis of the traffic volume during

weekend also weekday count (3.7.4.2). Furthermore, most of the

road users at the Kuala Kubu Bharu are the local people of Kuala

Kubu Bharu itself and also the people are heading to Fraser Hill.

183

3.7.5 TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT

INTRODUCTION

raffic management is the planning, monitoring and

control of traffic. The aim of traffic management is to

maximize the effectiveness of the use of existing

infrastructure and to utilize the existing road network to increase

the efficiency of traffic movement by applying traffic rules such as

one-way system, right turn prohibition, and traffic control device to

make a good use of road system in order to benefit all of the road

user.

Traffic Management Measures consist of:

restriction of turning movements

one-way streets

priority for high-occupancy vehicles

Restriction of turning movements is to control a vehicle in a

traffic movement from turning to different direction in order to

avoid traffic congestion and accidents. The restriction of turning

movements consists of right-turn prohibition, left-turn prohibition

and U-turn prohibition.

One-way streets are traffic movement which permitted in only

one direction along the road. The function of one way streets is to

increase the road capacity, reduce conflict point, to improve

pedestrian movement and to provide more parking facilities.

Priority for high-occupancy vehicles is increasing person-

movement efficiency to reduce delays to vehicles such as buses in

order to increasing reliability. Example of priority for high-

occupancy vehicles is bus-only street.

DATA COLLECTION

In Kuala Kubu Bharu, traffic management systems are

being applied only in commercial area. This is due to traffic

congestion that constantly occurs in that particular township area.

Therefore, local authorities introduce some traffic rules such as

one-way street system and turnings prohibition.

From observation, one-way street system gives best traffic

flow at the commercial area which offers the road users to pass

through all of the commercial activities.

Moreover, there are also interlock pavement in commercial

area which creates traffic calm when road users enter this area.

Therefore, it will cause road users to reduce speed of their vehicles.

Figure below shows interlock pavement that been applied in

commercial area.

Figure 3.7.12 shows pavement that have been used at commercial

area

ANALYSIS

Generally the roads within the town centre are two way

road directions. There are only two roads of one way direction

which are at Jalan Mat Kilau and Jalan Dato Muda Jaafar. The

right and left turning restriction is at Jalan Kamaruddin. Road users

can easily access to the one way roads by using the connected

alterative road at the other side and at middle of the shop buildings

as the layout of the commercial building applies the Grid Iron

layout.

The following map shows the traffic management measures

within the town centre. It indicates the one-way direction roads and

the two way direction roads. It exposes the intersection which have

right and left turning. From the map, we can see the alternative

roads to access the commercial area which only allow one way

traffic flow. The reason it is applied is to increase the capacity of

road in that direction, to avoid accident (head-on-collusion), to

increase the vehicles speed and as well as provide more parking

facilities.

T

184

JALAN DATO MUDA JAAFAR

JALAN DATO BALAI

JALAN MAT KILAU

JALAN DATO TABAL

JA

LA

N

R

A

S

A

T

H

U

R

AI

JA

LA

N

A

B

D

U

L

H

A

M

ID

IPD

Figure shows left-turn prohibited

signage

Figure shows right-turn

prohibited signage

Figure shows two way street

at Jalan Abdul Hamid

Figure shows one way street

at Jalan Mat Kilau

185

FINDINGS

There are no issues and problems regarding traffic

management at Kuala Kubu Bharu, particularly at town centre or

commercial area. Road users can easily access to commercial area

without facing any traffic congestion. This is because one way

street system is being applied at this area.

One way street gives advantages for both road users and shop

owners in term of commercial activities. This is due to most of the

road users will pass through all the shops if they enter that area By

chance, it may contribute to commercial growth at this particular

area.

Moreover, interlock pavement also gives advantages to this

area by forming traffic calm other than gives good view to

commercial area. Road users also will automatically slow down

their vehicle when pass these roads.

186

3.7.6 PARKING STUDIES

INTRODUCTION

arking space generally designated for people topark their

vehicles. This can be parking garage or parking lots. The

types of parking available are perpendicular, angled

parking, and parallel parking.

.

This can be in a parking garage or in a parking lot or on a city

street. There are 2 types of parking which are on street parking

and off street parking. On street parking is parking which located

at the side of the road or along the road whether it is

perpendicular, parallel or angled parking.

Off street parking is parking which is located at the outside of road

which means it is specific land or building for parking purposes.

There several types of off street parking such as basement parking,

rooftop parking and multi-storey parking.

DATA COLLECTION

Study has been done about the parking in Kuala Kubu Baru

especially in town center area. From the observation and data

collection from the inventory, we found out that all of the parking

space provided are in Kuala Kubu Baru commercial area all are on-

street parking. The types of parking are perpendicular (90°),

Angled (30°, 45° & 60°) parking and parallel parking. All parking

also are not being operated by using road parking meter ( free of

charge parking ).

The total of the parking spaces that had been provided are

estimated to be 440 spaces. The Angled parking dominates most of

the area with the total of 234 spaces (includes 3 spaces disable

parking) (53.18%), the perpendicular parking with the total of 121

spaces (27.5%) and parallel parking with the total of 85 spaces

(19.3%) only. The percentage is not included parking space for

motorcycle which is estimated 95 spaces for whole KKB

commercial area. The table below shows the type, numbers and

images of parking in Kuala Kuu Baru.

P

187

Table 3.7.23 shows type of parking in the study area

189

FINDINGS

From the observation and data collection from the

inventory, we found out that all of the parking space provided are

in Kuala Kubu Baru commercial area all are on-street parking. The

types of parking are perpendicular (90°), Angled (30°, 45° & 60°)

parking and parallel parking. All parking also are not being

operated by using road parking meter ( free of charge parking ).

The total of the parking spaces that had been provided are

estimated to be 440 spaces. The Angled parking dominates most of

the area with the total of 234 spaces (includes 3 spaces disable

parking) (53.18%), the perpendicular parking with the total of 121

spaces (27.5%) and parallel parking with the total of 85 spaces

(19.3%) only. The percentage is not included parking space for

motorcycle which is estimated 95 spaces for whole KKB

commercial area.

From the observation, the demand of parking during peak

hour is high especially at Jalan Dato‟ Muda Jaafar (7 a.m – 8 a.m).

. This is because there are well-known for its commercial activities

at in front of Kuala Kubu Baru Market building. There are several

photographs that people commit illegal parking in front of KKB

market building because of existing parking spaces are cannot

accommodate more vehicles during peak hour.

The parking area at the along the streets mostly at the

commercial area, and along rows of shophouses is fully occupied

during the weekdays that is during peak hours mostly.Based on the

inventory, even though there are double parking in the study area,

but the traffic congestion created is only minor. Describing about

traffic studies on the whole Kuala Kubu Baru commercial area, the

traffic movement is very much manageable and controllable.

Figure 3.7.12 shows illegal parking near to Pasar Awam

Kuala Kubu Bharu

Figure 3.7.13 shows illegal parking at Kuala Kubu Bharu

town centre

Figure 3.7.14 shows illegal parking at Kuala Kubu Bharu

town centre

190

3.7.7 PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION

INTRODUCTION

ublic transportation services are vital for civic life. Public

transport cover all transport of general public which

usually charging fares to public. Public transport usually

regulated as a common carrier organized to provide scheduled

service on fixed routes. It can offer important advantages in an area

with higher population densities if it is efficiently operated.

The public transportation system especially in Malaysia comprises

of bus, railway and taxi services.

For bus, they are certain type of bus service in Malaysia such as:

Local bus

Intercity bus

Express bus

Railway transportation also facilitates many type of service in

Malaysia from north to south and also at Klang Valley. Rail

transport in Kuala Lumpur encompasses:

light rail

rapid transit

monorail

commuter rail

Kuala Lumpur is served by four separate rail systems which meet

in the city and extended out of the Klang Valley such as:

RapidKL Light Rail Transit

KL Monorail

KTM Komuter

KTM Intercity

For taxi service in Malaysia, the services are limited. The types of

taxi service are:

Town taxi

Interstate taxi

Limousine

DATA COLLECTION

Kuala Kubu Bharu is an accessible town, where it has two types of

public transportation that serves the community at the town centre

and the surrounding area. The public transportation existed in

Kuala Kubu Bharu are, bus and train services.

The bus service, which is operated by Metro Bus Nationwide Sdn.

Bhd. and Maraliner Sdn. Bhd. are the two bus operators for Kuala

Kubu Bharu. The bus terminal which is located at Jalan Rasathurai

provides the transportation facility for the whole community as it

serves for local and intercity transportation at the same time. There

are two types of bus services provided in Kuala Kubu Bharu which

are:

i. Local bus

ii. Express bus

For local bus, Metro Bus no.36 is the only bus operating within

Kuala Kubu Bharu area which starts its journey at Rawang and

terminates at Tanjung Malim. Along the way from Rawang to

Tanjung Malim, passenger can alight at Kuala Kubu Bharu when

the Metro bus no. 36 passes by the Kuala Kubu Bharu bus station.

For express bus, Maraliner bus will starts from Kuala Lumpur and

terminate at Tanjung Malim. Passengers need to use train service to

arrive at Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Figure below shows the two type of bus that operating in Kuala

Kubu Bharu.

Figure 3.7.15 shows bus express services in the study area

P

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light_rail

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rapid_transit

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monorail

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commuter_rail

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RapidKL_Light_Rail_Transit

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KL_Monorail

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KTM_Komuter

191

Train is another dominant public transportation provided in

Kuala Kubu Bharu. The service is under management of Keretapi

Tanah Melayu Berhad (KTMB) creates the accessibility either for

the residents of Kuala Kubu Bharu to travel out or for the outsider

to reach Kuala Kubu Bharu. This service added varieties of public

transportation to the users.

The service is under management of Keretapi Tanah

Melayu Berhad (KTMB) is located at Kampung Paya, Kuala Kubu

Bharu. Two different routes or lines are provided to enter Kuala

Kubu Bharu which is Rawang-Seremban line and KTM North-

South Expressway.

Passengers that using Rawang-Seremban line needs to

make an interchange to Rawang-Tanjung Malim shuttle route

service to enter Kuala Kubu Bharu. This is different from KTM

North-South Expressway where the passengers can directly alight

at Kuala Kubu Bharu Station.

Figure 3.7.16 shows the Kuala Kubu Bharu Railways Station.

Figure 3.7.16 shows Kuala Kubu Bharu KTMB railway station

192

3.7.4.2 ANALYSIS

193

Bus Services

Operation of buses at Kuala Kubu Bharu

Type/Name of

bus

Route Frequency Number of

Bus

Interval

Time

Operation

Time

Local bus/

Metro Bus No.36

Rawang-

Tanjung Malim

10 Trip

3

1-1 ¼ hour

6.30am –7 pm

Express bus/

Maraliner

Puduraya-

Tanjung Malim

8 Trip

2

1-1½ hour

8.00am –

6.00pm

Table 3.7.24 shows operation of bus services in Kuala Kubu Bharu Source: Maraliner SDN.BHD.

Type/Name of bus Route Location of Bus Stop

Local bus/

Metro Bus No.36

Rawang- Tanjung Malim

i. Batang Kali

ii. Rasa

iii. Kuala Kubu Bharu

iv. Tanjung Malim

Express bus/

Maraliner

Puduraya-Tanjung Malim

i. Puduraya

ii. Kuala Kubu Bharu

iii. Tanjung Malim

Table 3.7.25 shows location of bus stops in Kuala Kubu Bharu Source: Maraliner SDN.BHD.

Table 3.7.24 shows the number of route, frequency, quantity of bus, interval time and operation

time of the local and express buses. While the Table 3.7.25 stated the places where the respective route

of buses stop before enter Kuala Kubu Bharu. This service caters for the most part of the places and

surrounding area of Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Approximately, there are thousands of passengers using the service every day for different

purposes and this amount of number will significantly increase during the school holiday and festive

season. While for the express bus, Kuala Kubu Bharu acts as an interchange point for the buses from

Puduraya, Kuala Lumpur to go to Tanjung Malim which is served by the operator.

Train Service

Operation KTMB Trains at Kuala Kubu Bharu

Type/ Name of

Train

Route Frequency Operation Time

Shuttle Train/

KTM

Commuter

Rawang –

Tanjung Malim

18 Trips

05:59 am –

10:34pm

Express Train/

KTM Intercity

North – South

line

6 Trips

05.29 am –

10:33pm

Table 3.7.26 shows operation of train service at Kuala Kubu Bharu

Table 3.7.26 shows that, the operation of train services at Kuala Kubu Bharu is at an adequate rate where

it has 18 trips for Rawang – Tanjung Malim route which is the main station and also 6 trips for North –

South line to cater the need of community in Kuala Kubu Bharu and surrounding area.

194

FINDINGS

Issues and Problem

The frequency of the bus is not sufficient especially during weekdays where most of people of Kuala

Kubu Bharu frequently go to the town centre. Also, the interval time is not reasonable as most of the

passengers are among the school student and workers which they need more frequent trips.

The major problem for the train services is the location of the station which far from town centre.

This problem become more complicated when there is no bus services towards KTM station and there is

no taxi service in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Most of the people of Kuala Kubu Bharu and outsiders need to use

private cars which the local people call as “prebet” to go to KTM station.

Other than that, the location of bus station which located in commercial area is not suitable. This is

because the location is at town centre which are focal point for community and it‟s become more

complicated at morning because there are commercial activities such as market besides the bus station.

The bus station should be relocated to avoid traffic congestion and illegal parking around that area.

Therefore, it will increase the usage of public transportation.

Lastly, residences at north part of Kuala Kubu Bharu also facing problem in term of using public

transport since the bus service was not provide services at north part of Kuala Kubu Bharu such as

Taman Seruling, Taman Pesara and Taman Juta.

195

3.7.8 PEDESTRIAN

INTRODUCTION

edestrian is a walkway to community reduce dependence

on vehicular transportation. Purpose of pedestrian is to

contribute more intense level of recreational activity

towards the community to make more healthy living style. With a

proper pedestrian pathway, community will be eager to use the

pedestrian way as the alternative choices rather than to use the

vehicular transportation to walk along the walking radius.

In the pedestrian element, some data collection can be carried out

which is;

connection nodes

circulation system

pedestrian usage

DATA COLLECTION

Primary Data

Based on our observation at the Kuala Kubu bharu, there

are some places that pedestrian pathway take places. Most of the

pedestrian pathway located at the town center of Kuala Kubu bharu

itself. Then it spread out at nearby parks with surrounding it at

Jalan Merdeka also along the road heading to the town center at

Jalan Kubu and some pedestrian pathway at the government offices

located at Jalan Bukit Kerajaan. These pedestrian pathways are

along the main road at the Kuala Kubu Bharu, and most of it

heading towards to the center of the town itself.

Secondary Data

The secondary data for the pedestrian is sought out from the

Hulu Selangor District Council (MDHS). Most of the data

collected are from the MDHS itself who in charge for maintaining

and make the pedestrian walkway.

Figure 3.7.17 shows the circulation pedestrian map at Kuala

Kubu Bahru

P

196

Map 3.7.8.1; image of the pedestrian circulation at Kuala Kubu Bharu Town Centre

197

ANALYSIS

Pedestrian walkway at Kuala Kubu Bharu has been given

name „Jalan Bandar Selamat‟ by the local authority of Kuala

Kubu bahru which is Hulu Selangor District Council. This is to

encourage people at Kuala Kubu Bharu to use the pedestrian

facility that has been provided which is safe to use even though

while taking a walk. This is because the pedestrian walkway at

Kuala Kubu Bharu has been guarded by steel railing between the

road and the pedestrian walkway itself. (As shown on figure

3.7.18)

Figure 3.7.18 shows the steel railing guard for pedestrian

walkway

On top of it, based on our correspondent through the people

at Kuala Kubu Bahru, they are happy with the development of

pedestrian with the railing guard it because that‟s a way to make

the people who used the pedestrian walkway feel safe n always

have safety on their own.

Figure 3.7.19 shows the percentage of pedestrian usage by age

Based on the chart above, most of the pedestrian usage used

by the age 12 – 20. This is because most of them are student who

used the pedestrian walkway to take walk to go to school. For the

age 21 and older, they used to use the pedestrian walkway to walk

around the town for the work purpose. Beside, some of them used

the pedestrian walkway to have walk during the morning and

evening just to have an exercise.

For the pedestrian walkway geometry, most of the width of

pedestrian walkway is 1.5 meters. This width of the walkway can

accommodate 2 people at the same time while having the same

direction. So, it is wide enough for the pedestrian walkway around

Kuala Kubu Bharu.

FINDINGS

The main issue of the pedestrian walkway at Kuala Kubu

Bharu is about the walkway itself. Many of the pedestrian walkway

at town center has been modified to accommodate the parking

space. The walkway itself becomes unlikely to seen and make poor

image of that town (Figure 3.7.8.3.1).

Figure 3.7.20 shows the modified walkway at Kuala Kubu

Bharu town centre

Also, the connectedness of the pedestrian walkway is not in

proper way. For example, the pedestrian walkway in Jalan Dato

Balai is not connected with Jalan Raja Muda Jaafar and also with

Jalan Mat Kilau. Then, the pedestrian at in front of MDHS office is

also not connected with the other pedestrian walkway. This make

the user of pedestrian walkway become unsatisfied also confuse

with the walkway itself.

45%

33%

13% 9%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

Age 12 - 20 Age 21 - 35 Age 36 - 50 Age 51 -Older

Percentage Of Pedestrian usage

Percentage

198

S.W.O.T ANALYSIS

Below is the table of S.W.O.T Analysis of Traffic and Transportation

STRENGTH WEAKNESS OPPORTUNITIES THREAT

Kuala Kubu Baru

Commercial area

had enough

parking spaces for

accommodate cars.

Traffic volume

level in Kuala

Kubu Baru is low.

Double lane

parking along the

road of

commercial area

gave disturbance

to traffic flow.

Several

intersections got

weird shape and it

traffic flow

confuse some

people especially

outsiders.

People didn‟t need go far

away from their destination

just only looking for parking.

the traffic congestion created

is only minor

It is hard to

encourage

people to use

pedestrian.

slow

economic

growth

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INTRODUCTION

The study of urban design and landscape play a vital role in order to produce a beautiful and

attractive image of the city because these sectors covered certain aspects such as aesthetical value,

physical structure and visual quality that can reflect people opinions towards the city.

For Kuala Kubu Bharu, the urban design element in the given site is not in a favourable

condition. The environment in the town itself is not vibrant enough, especially starting from the evening

until night. However, due to the not vibrant of the town, it creates a calm and peaceful surrounding to

the community. In addition, the existing concept of the township, which is the garden city concept,

makes it to have a nice view of greeneries within the town.

For the visual quality of the township, most building façade in the town are in a moderate

condition. A part of it still remaining the original architectural design of the shop lots during the British

era, where the rest had renovate it. This cause different form of skyline in the commercial area and gives

an uneven visual impact to the outsiders.

In order to refurnish this township, the urban design sector should play a vital role in enhancing

the urban design element in this township.

The main thing is to conserve the history of Kuala Kubu Bharu by maintaining the design

concept of the city which is “Garden City”, the design concept of the commercial area which “Grid

Iron” concept has been applied and also the design of the building. Thus, the history of Kuala Kubu

Bharu will still alive and known by other people especially the foreign people.

OBJECTIVE

1) To identify the basic elements of townscape in order to get a rough view of the site.

2) To study on the urban form of Kuala Kubu Bharu in order to know the morphology of it and

how the site was formed.

3) To recognise the visual appearance of the site in order to upgrade it into a higher level.

4) To recognize and analyse the historical building or historical area in a way to ensure a special

protection and control for zoning of conservation purposes.

SCOPE OF STUDY

For urban design, there are a few elements that had been taken into consideration, which include the

aspect of townscape element, visual quality, and urban form.

1. Townscape element

The element of townscape that had been included in the study are path, nodes, landmarks, edges,

and district. These elements are important in order to identify the action to be done to enhance

the basic element of town in the study area.

2. Visual quality

For this element, there are few subtopics had been included under it. These are skyline and

building façade, view and scenery, gateway, and vibrancy. These are important in order to

identify the location that need to be enhance in order to provide a stimulating view of township

to the community and visitors.

3. Urban form

This element is vital in order to identify the origin and the historical aspect of the site. It also

important to identify the cultural, physical, and natural effects that leads to the urban form of the

site.

4. Conservation

The observation on the condition of the area such as field or any particular part of the town after

obtaining the secondary data information regarding to the historical timeline of Kuala Kubu

Bharu.

3.8 URBAN DESIGN AND CONSERVATION

200

The Early Stage of Kuala Kubu, 1800‟s

The name of Kuala Kubu origin from the shop lots that built at the town center of the old town of Kuala

Kubu where it functions as fortress. The early stages of Kuala Kubu started with the tin mining

activities where many people especially Chinese migrate because of the natural resources. During 1833,

it was the golden age of Kuala Kubu because there are many activities in that town, and Kuala Kubu

itself provides many facilities such as government office, shops, entertainment which is the cinema,

schools and also the sports activities for the community.

Generally, Kuala Kubu situated along Sungai Selangor River. Sungai Selangor is actually the most

important river in Selangor where people use to travel from one place to another. River functions as the

main road for people to travel from Sungai Selangor to Sungai Kuala Selangor where during that time

Kuala Selangor is the administrative center for the state of Selangor.

Kuala Kubu rich in natural resources such as tins where it is the most valuables natural resources so

there are many Chinese from Kuala Lumpur, migrates to Kuala Kubu and also few other places such as

Rasa, Kalumpang, and Rawang for the tin mining purposes.

On 1868, there are civil wars that happen between Tengku Kudin and Raja Mahdi which is the main

cause is the exploitation of the natural resources. Other factors that lead to civil war are because of the

domination of the area, where Raja Mahdi claimed that Tengku Kudin should not get any power in

dominating the Kuala Kubu Bharu because he is the descendant of Sultan Kedah but he married with

the granddaughter of Sultan Selangor. Due to the continuation of the civil war between Tengku Kudin

and Raja Mahadi, British get involve and take the opportunity to start exploitation of the natural

resources.

Kuala Kubu which does now no longer exist was well known to European travellers who across the

Kuala Kubu town before they climb the Bukit Kudu or it also known as Teacher‟s Hill. It can be proved

that the hill was occupied by the British and European traveller because of the existence of few

buildings at the top of the hill. The building design was influenced by the British colonial, as in figure

1.2 below shows the remaining building for the British officers to place their bicycles.

Then, in 1883, Kuala Kubu had been destroyed by the massive flood due to the broken dam in Sungai

Selangor. The dam of Kuala Kubu broke because Cecil Ranking blew up the dam with a bomb or

dynamite. Local people believed, there is a white crocodile that exist in the dam where Cecil Ranking

tries to kill it but accidentally he broke the dam. Many people died due to the massive flood that

destroyed the whole Kuala Kubu town.

Figure 1.1 Area of the old town of Kuala Kubu and the new town of Kuala Kubu Bharu, where it is

about 6 km distance.

Figure 1.2: Building that exists on the top of the hill of Bukit Kutu around 1988

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Before 1926

Then on 1920, The British government in Malaya requested the government Town Planner, Charles

Compton Reade from the South Australian Government come to Malaya and this is the starting point

where the first garden city in Malaya had been planned.

Figure 1.3: The new site for Kuala Kubu Bharu Township before 1926.

Before 1926, there is no existing development on the new site of Kuala Kubu Bharu. As shown in figure

1.3 above, there are only roads that exist on site which is the federal route 55 .Basically during that

time; the road to Fraser hill is also the main road to Pahang. The existing road connects Tanjung Malim,

Batang Kali, and also Pahang to Kuala Lumpur.

Starting point of the Garden City Township, Kuala Kubu Bharu, 1926-1940

Figure 1.4: The Garden City draft layout plan for the new township by Charles Compton Reade, 1924

Acquisition of land for the new township of Kuala Kubu Bharu started on October 1926 where the

earliest building that had been built in Kuala Kubu Bharu is the shop houses which situated at the

highest level of topography. The figure 1.4 above shows the garden city concept that was planned by

Charles Compton Reade on year 1924 and being implemented on Kuala Kubu Bharu on 1927. It was the

first garden city concept that was planned in Malaya and it being the starting point of town and country

planning department in Malaysia. Thus, Kuala Kubu Bharu actually gives a big impact in the national

level of planning department in Malaysia.

202

Figure 1.5: Commercial area is the earliest buildings that was built by British

The early stage of layout preparation of Kuala Kubu Bharu emphasized on the commercial area which

are located at the town centre. This is because the British council wanted to attract people to move from

the old town of Kuala Kubu to Kuala Kubu Bharu which is situated at higher place or higher topography

to avoid massive flood as before. Other than that, British Council also try to attract people from the old

town by giving award of the shop lots to certain residents which selected based on the exchange of

materials and exchange of land title or bungalow lot from the old town of Kuala Kubu. The design of

the shop houses was influenced by British Colonial design which can be found that it is quite similar to

other colonized state in Malaya such as Malacca town.

Figure 1.7: the shop houses during era 1930’s and the current view.

Figure 1.6: shows the governmental building that was built after the commercial area.

Generally, during that time British still wanted to develop the new Kuala Kubu because of their own

benefits to exploit the natural resources in Kuala Kubu which is tin mining activities. Then on October

1927, the sanitary Board office of Ulu Selangor start to build the governmental office and the type of

design for the government building must be the same with the previous shop lots‟ design. It is the desire

of the Sanitary Board to set as high standard as possible in Kuala Kubu Bharu. The government building

also located at the highest point of the town which is at the same topography level of the shop houses.

Figure 1.8: the government office on 1930.

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Figure 1.9: The completion of development of the garden city concept on 1938

Around 1930, there are also several buildings that included in the draft plan of the garden city township.

There are; quarters, school, and the rest house. As shown in the layout plan, the clerk quarters was built

along the park belt because they want to separate between the commercial and residential. While the

school also had been plan near to the residential area, so to ease the residents at that area. Based on the

layout plan, the commercial area and the governmental offices are separated with the residential area by

the park belt or green area. This is due to the function of the land use it self where the commercial area

and government building have more activities rather than the residential or the quarters area and it might

cause disturbance due to the privacy of the residential area.

Next, also in 1932 is the erection of the railway station, based on the document of Provision of the

Railway Station to serve Kuala Kubu Bharu from National Archive of Malaysia stated that, the old

railway station is nearer to the town. It has been proposed by the District Engineer of Kuala Kubu

Bharu. This is due to many reasons, since Kuala Kubu Bharu is a new township therefore many building

is undergo the construction so, the district officer of Kuala Kubu Bharu wanted to prevent double

handling of transferring the material of the building for construction where it could be brought by rail

instead of by lorry as it present.

Then after all the building in the garden city layout plan had been constructed, on 1938 the memorial

clock tower had been erected at Kuala Kubu Bharu near to the government office. The site location and

the design of the clock tower were considered by the Ulu Selangor Coronation Celebration Committee.

The clock tower was built due to the funds of celebration exceeded the estimated cost. Figure 1.12

shows the current view of the clock tower at Kuala Kubu Bharu. The clock tower had been built at

higher place to avoid any damage from children that playing around.

Figure 1.10: shows the British quarters that built to serve the government clerks and officers.

Figure 1.11: the current view of Hospital Kuala Kubu Bharu.

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Japanese Occupation,1943

During the Japanese occupation, Kuala Kubu Bharu also was affected and defeated by Japanese army

where few buildings in the town were used as administrative center for them. One of the building that

been used by them is the British building which is now function as school names Sekolah Kebangsaan

Kuala Kubu Bharu. Generally, when the Japanese army defeated Tanah Melayu, they did not build

anything on the land, and many people were killed by them during that time. For urban growth of Kuala

Kubu Bharu, in the era of the Japanese occupation, there are no much changes, as mentioned before, the

Japanese army did not built anything, they only re-using all the building that exist in the town in order

to control and conquer the land.

Figure1.13: The current view of Sekolah Kebangsaan Kuala Kubu Bharu that had been used by the

Japanese army in 1943.

Figure 1.12: the memorial Clock tower that been built near to the

district office at Bukit Kerajaan.

Figure 1.12: the current view of the memorial

clock tower that located at Bukit kerajaan.

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Post-independence and Modernisation of Kuala Kubu Bharu

Figure 1.14: the development that rises before independence, Royal Malaysia Police College.

Before Malaysia achieves the independence, Kuala Kubu Bharu also had been defeated by the

communist and there are few areas near to the town that had been marked as the black area of the

communist. Therefore, on 1952 British decided to build a place to train their British officers in Kuala

Kubu Bharu to threaten those communist that active in spreading their ideology and killed a lot of

people at that time which is The Royal Malaysia Police College.There are also Kampng Asam

Kumbang which started around 1950‟s and most of the residents at that area are chinese. As can be seen

in figure below, the current view of the Royal Malaysia Police College building that situated at the West

from the town center. It can be analysed that when there is a building that built at certain area, the area

surround it also will grow or develop slowly, for example, when the police college was developed, the

quarters also will be developed to accommodate all the staff and officers.

Figure1.15: One of the earliest building of Royal Malaysian Police College, Kuala Kubu Bharu before

independence on 1953.

Figure 1.16: Bungalow that provided for the British higher officer.

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Post-independence and Modernisation of Kuala Kubu Bharu

Figure 1.17: Development after independence and its modernisation.

After Malaya achieved the independence on 1957, Kuala Kubu Bharu is growing larger around the town

center. Based on the data obtained from the National Archive of Malaysia, after the independence, there

are many developments rise around the town center such as the residential area, Taman Seruling, Taman

Pesara, Taman and many others. There are also institutions that been built in Kuala Kubu Bharu such

as the boarding school Mara Junior Science College, Darul Quran, Akademi Bomba, Kem Tentera, Kem

Belia, and also the Program latihan Khidmat Negara camp. In the simplest form, it can be analysed that

most of the governmental buildings and institution has been built here in KKB, so, in order to

accommodate all the governmental staffs, they have to provide adequate quarters for them. So in

conclusion, in this era until now, Kuala Kubu Bharu has been a place to educate people because there

are many institutions exist, where it started with the college of Royal Malaysian Police which is before

Malaya achieves its independence. As been shown in figures below, these are the new development that

rises around the town center after the independence of Malaya and the modernisation of Kuala Kubu

Bharu.

Few pictures below shows the new buildings and development that rise within the town of Kuala Kubu

Bharu after the independence on 1957 and also the modernisation of development in Kuala Kubu Bharu

town and its surrounding area.

Figure 1.18: Dataran Kuala Kubu Bharu that is located at the main entrance from Federal Route 1.

Figure 1.19: The current bus station for local people in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Figure 1.20: Educational office of Hulu Langat district.

207

Figure 1.21: The new high rise building of quarters that provided for the police officers.

Figure 1.22: Wet market provided to serve people in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Figure 1.23: Another government office, Jabatan Kerja Raya that been developed at Bukit Kerajaan

near to the district office

SUMMARY AND THE TIMELINE OF KUALA KUBU BHARU

1801- The earliest town service in federation of Malay states. The committee of assessors in Penang was

established as the first town planning agencies.

1833- The golden age of Kuala Kubu – many activities and the town provides so many facilities for example

people come to Kuala Kubu for the government matter, shopping,

entertainment (Cinema), school, and also for the sports activities (

community activities).

1868- Civil war between Tengku kudin and Raja Mahadi because of the exploitation of natural resources which

is tin mining.

1873- Due to the continuation of the civil war, British starts to exploit the natural resources in Kuala Kubu.

1883- Kuala Kubu Town was destroyed by massive flood in Sungai Selangor.

Starting Point

1920- The British government in Malaya requested the government Town Planner , Charles Compton Reade

from the South Australian Government come to Malaya.

1926 -Another flood occur on this year until Kuala Kubu Town was submerged by sand and mud about 30 meter

above the ground level.

-A layout Plan of the first new township in Kuala Kubu Bharu (to replace the flood-prone area of Ampang

Pecah) was prepared.

World War 2

1941- The department was force to cease operations because of World War 2 and it was re-open under Japanese

administration.

1943- The Department was re-established as part of the Public Works Department until T.H.H Hancock, an

architect and town planner, joined the Department in September 1946.

Pre independence

Few areas near to the town of KKB had been marked as the black area of the communist. So, the Royal Malaysia

Police College had been built to threaten the communist and one of the Chinese settlement started which is Kg.

Asam Kumbang.

Post-independence and modernisation of KKB

After independence, many buildings rise around the town centre and most of them are the quarters to

accommodate the governmental staff due to many institutions been built in Kuala Kubu Bharu. In

conclusion, based on the growth of the town, it can be analyse that Kuala Kubu Bharu is growing in a

radial form.

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URBAN DESIGN

Data collection

3.8.1 TOWNSCAPE ELEMENT

For the data collection on the five townscape elements that had been mentioned by Kevin Lynch, most of it had been obtained through

primary data, in which using the method observation and identification on those element in the given site. Figure 2.1 below shows the

mind map of existing townscape element that can be found on site.

Figure 2.1: Mind mapping of townscape element.

Through this mind mapping, it can be seen that some of the five element of townscape had been draw in the mind map. However, these

element need to be further observed in order to know the existing condition and situation that take place on the entire five townscape element

that present on the site.

i) Path

Based on figure above, it shows that the major path

which is bold in map functions as the arterial road to

the town, while the minor path shows by the thinner

lines which connect people from different places to

another. However, there are still other types of path

in this area, which include cycle lane and pedestrian

walkway. But they do not function as much as the

major path, which is the vehicle lane. Table 0.1.1

below shows the overall information related to the

different types of path that present in the site. Plan

2.1 shows the exact path which had been use as the

major and minor path in the KKB town, while Plan

2.2 shows the area coverage by each types of path in

this township.

Element Types Hierarchy Existing condition

Coverage

Path Vehicle lane -arterial road: Jalan Pahang

Good Whole site, for access to different

land use

-collector road

Good

-local road Moderate

Cycle lane - Good -Jalan Padang Golf, -Jalan Syed Mashor, -Jalan Hospital

Pedestrian walkway

- Moderate -Jalan Syed Mashor (from SKKKB2 until military camp) -commercial area (Jalan Rasathurai, Jalan Dato’ Balai, Jalan Dato’ Muda Jaafar, Jalan Mat Kilau -Jalan Merdeka -Jalan Pahang (from Masjid Ar-Rahimah

Table 2.1: Overall information related to the different types of path in

KKB town

209

Figure 2.2: Pedestrian walkway in Jalan Merdeka.

Figure 2.3: Cycle lane along Jalan Syed Mashor.

ii) Nodes & landmark

By referring to the figure above, it can be seen that

some of the buildings or area that had been drawn in

the mind map area nodes and landmark, where the

rest are to function as symbol of the area. Most of

the nodes and landmark here are building of public

facilities. This is due to its function which is serve

the community, and thus makes them usually well

known by the local community and frequently

taking them as the nodes and land mark for the site.

In addition, the junction itself, especially the one

that connected to the major path also function as

nodes, as it is one of the point that usually known by

community. Table 0.1.2 below shows among the

information related to the nodes and landmarks in

KKB town, while the Plan 2.3 shows the location of

the nodes and landmarks on the site.

Nodes/ Landmark Types of activity Building/area condition

Masjid Ar-Rahimah Religious activity Good

Dewan Merdeka KKB

Community activity Moderate

Dataran KKB Food court Good

Old KKB fire station Vacant Poor

Market Trading Good

KKB Bas station Service Moderate

Mahkamah Syariah KKB

Service Good

Junction Jalan Pahang-Jalan

Hamzah

Service

Good

Hindu temple Religious activity Good Table 2.2: Information related to the nodes and landmarks in KKB

Figure 2.4: Nodes within Kuala Kubu Bharu town.

iii) District

There are a few districts that can be identified in the

site. Table below (Table 0.1.5) show among the

districts that present in the township and Plan 2.4

shows the area coverage for each district.

District no.

Land use/activity

Landscape Urban furniture

1 Residential No specific types of landscape

-Signage

2 Recreational Shrubs -

3 Institution No specific types of landscape

-

4 Recreational Trees : - Polyalthia longifolia -Pterocarpus indicus - Swietenia mahogani

-Lamp post -Bench

5 Commercial Trees: - Ficus benjamina (mostly) - Swietenia mahogani - Casuarina nobilis - Mussaenda erythrophylla

-Lamp post

6 Administration Trees: - Swietenia mahogani - Ficus benjamina - Melia Indica

-Lamp post

7 Residential No specific types of landscape

-Signage

8 Commercial and residential

No specific types of landscape

-

Table 2.3: Districts that present in KKB township.

iv) Edges

The edges of this township are in various forms.

These include Federal route 1, Dataran KKB, forest,

golf course, quarters, and shop lots. Plan 2.5 shows

the edges for this township.

Figure 2.5: Building that function as the edge to KKB Township.

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3.8.2 VISUAL QUALITY

In this aspect, there are a few elements that have been taken into consideration to be included in

it. Among the aspect are the skyline and the building façade, especially the one in the town

centre, the view and vista of the site, the gateway to the town, and the vibrancy of the town.

i) Skyline and building façade

For this element, the area that had been highly taken into consideration is the area of town

centre, which include the commercial area and some of the government institution area.

a) Commercial area

In this classification, there area a few elements that being taken into consideration.

Among the elements are the locations of the shop lots, skylines of each shop lots,

façade condition, and number of storey. Table below (Table 0.1.6) shows the

information related to the one stated above, while Plan 2.6 shows the numbering of

each row of shop lots and the skyline of each row of shop lots.

Visual illustration Location Condition

Figure 2.6: Commercial lot area no. 1


Jalan Dato’ Tabal (area no. 1 & 2)

No. 1: -Uniform skyline, 2 storey -most of the shop lots have moderate & good façade condition No. 2: -4 storey building -good façade condition



Jalan Mat Kilau (area no. 3, 4, 5 &

6)

no. 3 & 5: -uniform skyline, 2 storey -good façade condition No. 4 & 6: -not uniform building skyline with infill land, 2, 3, & 5 storey -some with good, moderate, and poor façade and building condition






Jalan Dato’ Muda Jaafar (area no. 7,

8, 9, & 10)

No. 7 & 9: - uniform skyline, 2 storey -good façade condition No. 8 & 10: -not uniform building skyline with infill land, 2 & 3 storey -some with good, moderate, and poor façade and building condition


Jalan Dato’ Balai (area no. 11 & 12)

No. 11: -not uniform building skyline, 2 storey -some with good, moderate, and poor façade and building condition No. 12: -no building -consist of car park -view of the back of market


Jalan Abd Hamid (area no. 13, 14,

15, & 16)

No. 13: -uniform building skyline, 2 storey -good and moderate façade and building condition No. 14: -2 storey building -good façade and building condition No. 15: -uniform building skyline, 2 storey -good and moderate façade and building condition

216


No. 16: -not uniform building skyline with infill land, 2 storey -good, moderate and poor façade and




Jalan Kamarudin (area no. 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, & 22)

No. 17, 18, & 19: -uniform building skyline with an infill land in area 19, 2 storey -good and moderate façade and building condition No. 20, 21, & 22: - not uniform building skyline with infill lands in area 20 & 21, 2 and 3 storey -good, moderate, and poor façade and building condition



Jalan Rasathurai (area no. 23, 24,

25, & 26)

No. 23 & 24: -not uniform building skyline with infill lands,1, 2 and 3 storey -good, moderate, and poor façade and building condition No. 25 & 26: - not uniform building skyline, 2, 3, 4, & 5 storey -good and moderate façade and building condition

Table 2.4: information related to building façade and skyline in the commercial area.

b) Other building and government institution around town centre

The other buildings that present within town centre are the government offices and

institutions. These should also be taken into consideration as it gives a huge visual

impact to the visitors that mostly come to the town centre. Among the elements being

included in the data collection are the identification of building, its location, and the

building façade. Table below (Table 0.1.7) shows the data related to the one

mentioned above, while Plan 2.7 shows the location of each building that had been

listed in the table.

Building Location Façade

Majlis Daerah Hulu Selangor Jalan Bukit Kerajaan Good

Hulu Selangor Land Office Jalan Bukit Kerajaan Good

Civil court Hulu Selangor Jalan Kubu Good

Jabatab Kerja Raya (JKR) Jalan Kubu Moderate

Traffic Police Station Jalan Bukit Kerajaan Good

Police Station Jalan Kubu Good

Pejabat Pendidikan Daerah (PPD)

Jalan Rasathurai Good

Catholic Church St. Paul KKB Jalan Rasathurai Good

Persatuan Fei Chiu Ulu Selangor

Jalan Rasathurai Moderate

Pejabat Kebajikan Masyarakat Daerah Hulu Selangor

Jalan Rasathurai Moderate

Telekom Malaysia Jalan Dato’ Balai Good

KKB Multipurpose Hall Jalan Merdeka Good

Masjid Ar-Rahimah Jalan Syed Mashor Good Table 2.5: Building around town centre and its location.

Figure 2.23: Among the buildings that located in KKB town centre.

ii) View

For this aspect, there are two elements that being taken into consideration. These

include the good view and bad view that can be seen within the town. View can give a

big visual impact to the visitors that come to the site. The identification of the good

view and bad view within the site is crucial in order to gives a good impression to the

passerby. Plan 2.8 shows the views that had been identified within the site and the

location of each view that had been taken.

217

iii) Gateway

In this aspect, the entrances and the route to the

town centre of KKB town is being observed as it

would give visitor the first impression on the town.

The three entrances to the site is being observed and

Plan 2.9 shows the photos of the existing condition

of these gateway that lead to KKB town centre and

table below (Table 0.1.8) shows briefly about the

condition of the three entrances.

Entrance Urban furniture/building

Visual appearance

Sense of welcoming

Route 1 & Jalan Pahang

(from Tanjung Malim & Rawang)

- Dataran KKB -Lamp post -Landscape

Good Moderate

Jalan Pahang (from Bukit

Fraser)

-signage Moderate Poor

Jalan Hamzah (from Ampang

Pecah)

-Landscape Good Moderate

Table 2.6: The condition of gateways to KKB town centre

Figure 2.24: Pictures of gateway to KKB town centre.

ANALYSIS AND FINDING

Analysis of urban design being done in a few forms, these include urban form analysis, perceptual structure, permeability structure,

visual analysis, and conservation analysis. For all of these different analyses, SWOT analysis is being used as the summary.

For urban form analysis, it considers three aspect of influence, which includes natural, physical, and social influences. These aspects

can be classified into several component of town development. Table 0.2.1 below shows the urban form analysis of the site.

ASPECT

COMPONENT OF

TOWN

DEVELOPMENT

ELEMENT

DETAIL/EXPLANATION

Social Function/focal

point of activity

-administrative centre

of Hulu Selangor

district

-the town formerly for the administration of tin mining activities around

Selangor area.

-the migration of the former administrative centre from Ampang Pecah to Kuala

Kubu Bharu, due to heavy flood

-town of heritage - the town is first implemented garden city concept in Malaya

-it is the starting point of town and country planning in Malaysia

Pattern of

population

-exponential graph

(form of population

growth), slow growth

of population

-the area in the township are gazette in local plan as suburb area, urban area,

town center, and special area, most of it covered by suburbs area, thus low

concentration of people being located in the area . Plan 2.10 shows the transect

on the different classification of area zoning within the KKB town.

Natural Geography -topography, site

located at highland

area. Figure 2.25

show roughly the 3D

structure of landform

in KKB town.

-heavy flood occur at the former town due to its location at a lower land area;

cause it to be chosen as the site for the replacement of the old township,

Ampang Pecah.

Physical Developing

pattern

-radial form of

development

-the implementation of garden city concept to the site causing it to have a radial

growth of development due to the concept itself. Figure 0.2.2 show roughly the

structure of garden city concept that had been that had been constructed by

Ebenezer Howard.

Movement pattern -Jalan Pahang -it formerly function as the main and only connector route to Pahang, thus

easier for people to travel to Pahang

Table 2.7: The urban form analysis of KKB township

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Figure 2.25: 3D structure of landform in KKB town Figure 2.26: Structure of garden city concept by Ebenezer Howard

(Source by MDHS) (Source by MDHS)

For the townscape elements and the views, it can be analysed through

perceptual structure, permeability structure, and visual analysis. For the

perceptual structure, it can be explained through emotional aspect and

physical aspect, where from both of these, the perception can be listed

into a few categories. For each perception that had been given by the

town, the detail explanations are being listed down and the potentials and

constraints are being identified. Table 0.2.2 shows the detail explanation

on the perceptual structure of the town.

ASPECT PERCEPTION DETAIL/EXPLAINATION CONSTRAINT POTENTIAL

Psychology /

emotion

-attractive -present of greeneries beautify the town (Jalan Merdeka Recreational Park)

-interlocking paving of certain parts in the commercial area (Jalan Mat Kilau & Jalan Dato‟ Muda Jaafar)

Plan 2.11 shows the area coverage that provides the sense of attractiveness to the town.

-lack in maintenance might

lead to bad visual impact to

community and visitors

-as a part of the interesting or

attractive element to the

township.

-confusing -road circulation in the intersection which is different from the usual intersection system (Jalan Pahang-

Jalan Syed Mashor)

-scattered distribution of different land use in the township

Plan 2.12 shows the area coverage that provides the sense of confusing to the town.

-might lead to road accident,

especially to the visitors

-might easily stranded when

searching for the destination

-unique intersection system

which rarely found in other

places

-improvement in signage

system makes both of these

element as one of the

uniqueness of the township

Figure 2.27: Greeneries in the area of

Jalan Merdeka Recreational park.

Figure 2.28: Interlocking paving of certain

area in commercial area.

Figure 2.29: Intersection of Jalan Pahang-

Jalan Syed Mashor

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-creepy/horror -left over old government quarters (Jalan Syed Mashor, Jalan Rasathurai, Jalan Dato‟ Tabal, Jalan

Hospital)

-less provision of light at certain area of the town (Jalan Bukit Kerajaan, Jalan Padang Golf, Jalan

Merdeka)

Plan 2.13 shows the area coverage that provides the sense of horror to the town.

-give a bad perception or

visual impact to the visitors

-cause certain area in the town

to be less vibrant or less

movement of people

-might increase crime rate

-refurnish of the old quarters

would become one of the

historical evidence to the

township

-attract people to visit the town

and increase its vibrancy

-calmness - present of greeneries beautify the town (Jalan Merdeka Recreational Park)

-less traffic volume / no traffic congestion

Plan 2.14 shows the area coverage that provides the sense of calmness to the town.

-lack of maintenance might

gives bad visual impact to

community and visitors

-increase in the numbers of

visitors/ traffic user might

reduce the sense of calmness

to the town

-park as one of the attractive

element in the town due to the

original concept of the town and

its historical element

-planting of trees and road

widening might able to reduce

the traffic congestion and

remain the sense of calmness

Physical -high/ grand -the physical form of the route to the town from Ampang Pecah (Jalan Hamzah)

-location of government offices, which are located at a higher land area (Bukit Kerajaan)

-psychological perception by

the visitor that the township is

quite isolated from other

township due to its physical

form

-giving the feeling of grand and

surprising due to its location at

a higher area of land

-enhancement on the urban

design element would give the

township sense of attractiveness

Figure 2.30: the left over government

quarters in Jalan Rasathurai

Figure 2.31: no provision of light in

certain area of town.

Figure 2.32: Less traffic volume in Jalan

Pahang, the arterial road of KKB town.

Figure 2.33: Land office of KKB in Bukit Kerajaan.

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-old/vintage -old design of the shop lots units in the commercial area (Jalan Dato‟ Balai, Jalan Dato‟ Muda Jaafar,

Jalan Mat Kilau, Jalan Dato‟ Tabal, Jalan Rasathurai, Jalan Kamarudin, Jalan Abdul Hamid)

-old government quarters (Jalan Syed Mashor, Jalan Rasathurai, Jalan Dato‟ Tabal, Jalan Hospital)

Plan 2.15 shows the area coverage that provides the sense of vintage to the town.

-lack of restriction in the

renovation of shop lots cause

the old architectural design

and historical element to be

fade as time goes by

-cause the unevenness in

skyline and building design

and façade which might lead

to bad visual impact

-rejuvenation of these area

enhance the historical evidence

of the town

-might become one of the

attractive element to the

township and this making the

history of this town well known

by others

-far/huge -condition of gateway to town centre (Jalan Pahang: from Bukit Frazer and Federal route 1)

-scattered of different land uses

Plan 2.16 shows the area coverage that provides the huge or far perception to the town.

-visitors get boring with the

monotonous environment of

the gateway

-easily stranded due to weak

signage system

-enhancement in the road side

landscape and urban design

element would reduce the

monotonous of the gateway

-improvement in the signage

efficiency would help in

reducing the psychological

influence of the surrounding

condition of the gateway

-beautiful/neat - present of greeneries beautify the town (Jalan Merdeka Recreational Park)

-interlocking paving of certain parts in the commercial area (Jalan Mat Kilau & Jalan Dato‟ Muda Jaafar)

-lack of maintenance might

gives bad visual impact to the

visitor

-might be one of the attractive

element to the town

-quite -low level of vibrancy of the township

-less provision of light at certain area of the town (Jalan Bukit Kerajaan, Jalan Padang Golf, Jalan

Merdeka)

-might increase crime rate

-less number of people

entering the area which lead

to the less movement of

people in the area.

-bring peacefulness to

community due to the quietness

of the area.

Table 2.8: The perceptual structure analysis of urban design element in KKB Township

Figure 2.34: Old government quarters in

Jalan Syed Mashor

Figure 2.35: Old design of shop lots units

in Jalan Dato’ Tabal.

Figure 2.36: Condition of gateway to KKB

from Bukit Frazer.

Figure 2.37 Less vibrancy of town.

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For the permeability structure analysis, the aspect of analysis can be divided into two, which include privacy and the connectivity aspects. And for each aspect, a few points or elements had been identified which related to the site had

been listed down and the potential and constraint of each element had been listed. Table 0.2.3 below shows the permeability structure of KKB township and the elements for each aspects of the permeability structure.

ASPECT POINT DETAIL CONSTRIANT POTENTIAL

Privacy -less connectedness of road structure, especially for the

collector road. The road structure of KKB township is

among the element that being shown in Plan 2.17.

-mostly the roads that connected to residential area -difficult in accessing other area -highlight the sense of safety, where

only related person entering the area

-greeneries as separator to different area. The existing

location of the greeneries that separates different areas

is among the element that being shown in Plan 2.17

-parks and green area within the township

-might easily lead to misuse of the

area

-community felt that they are prevented

from the bustle of the town centre

-the left over government quarters in certain area of

township which is in an unmanageable condition. The

location of the old government quarters is among the

element that being shown in Plan 2.17.

-sense of horror on the unwell managed old quarters

-reduce numbers of visitor accessing

the road due to psychological effect

-only people with related matters

would entre the area

-might able to maintain the area to be

in a calm condition

-unrelated people in the area easily

identified to reduce crime rate

-the existing condition of the gateways to KKB town

centre, which is in an unmanageable condition. These

can be referred back to Plan 2.9 which shows the

existing condition of the gateways to KKB town centre.

-less element of welcoming being inserted along the

gateway

-passerby not attracted to come to

the town

-the historical element of the town

not being appreciated

-maintaining the original or natural

features of the area surrounding the

township

Figure 2.38: The greeneries that separate the

government offices with other building

Figure 2.39: the condition of gateway to KKB town

centre from Bukit Frazer

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-scattered of different land use within the town. -institution and government offices not concentrated

in an area

-easily stranded in searching for the

right destination

-the bustle of town not heavily

concentrated in the centre of the town

-the location of the government offices and institution,

which situated in a highland area. The location of the

government offices and institutions is among the

element that being shown in Plan 2.17

-Bukit Kerajaan, hospital, and police training collage

-providing workers more privacy and

not stuck in the middle of the bustle of

business activities

-less traffic volume within the town which bring more

calmness to the area surrounding.

-less in the numbers of traffic volume in the town

-smooth traffic flow, no congestion

-less number of people know the

historical element of the township

-no urban pressure to community and

calmness being maintain

-less activity/ movement of people especially during

night

-low level of vibrancy in the township

-less in provision of street lights

-might lead to increase of crime rate -less number of people might entre the

area, especially during night

connectivity

-road within town centre/ commercial area have a good

element of connectivity.

-connected to various area through collector road

-become the exit from certain residential in the

deeper part

-busy traffic flow in the commercial

area

-can easily access to other area as it

connect to the whole area of town

-weak public transportation system in the town reduce

the connectivity of the town to the area outside

-rare provision of busses

-less connectivity to outside of the

town

-less traffic movement in the town

Figure 2.40: the JKR office on Bukit Kerajaan in

town centre of KKB

Figure 2.41: the traffic condition in the entrance to

Jalan Pahang from Federal Route 1.

Figure 2.42: the bas station for KKB township.

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-weak signage system within the town makes the

movement of certain people facing obstacles.

-less provision of signage in the town -hard to access within the township

especially by visitors

-

-different types of road circulation within the township

give different approach to the user. The road circulation

system is among the element that being shown in Plan

2.12

-grid iron system in commercial area -monotonous architectural effect -easily access to other part of the area

-radial street system -accessibility only efficient at the

town centre

-giving sense of privacy to the area

outside the centre.

-the connectivity of different land uses are in a

moderate condition.

-connected through collector road

-rarely connected to each other, accept for the area of

town centre

-hardly understood/ recognized by

visitor

-easily stranded for the visitor that

come to the town for the first time

-people access the particular land use

only with purpose

Table 2.9: The permeability structure analysis of urban design element in KKB Township

For the visual analysis, the aspect of analysis can be divided into four, which include the skyline and building façade, gateway, views, and vibrancy aspects. And for each aspect, the detail explanation of the existing condition is being listed

down and the potential and constraint of each element had been identified. Table 0.2.4 below shows the visual analysis of KKB township and the detail explanation for each of it, while Plan 2.17 shows the photos of the related area on the

visual analysis.

ASPECT DETAIL/CONDITION POTENTIAL CONSTRAINT

Skyline and building

façade condition

-unevenness of shop lots skyline gives a bad visual impact to the visitors

-lack of restriction on renovation or reconstruction of the shop lots area causing it to have less

historical value.

-the conservation of the original façade of certain historical building causing to give a different

visual impact to the people

Refer to Plan 2.6 and Plan 2.7

-variety of building form in the shop lots area,

which prevent the monotonous architectural element

-the conservation of certain old building in the town

acts as the historical evidence of the area and

enhances the function of the town as the town of

heritage.

-in addition, it will act as the tourist attraction area

due to the historical element.

-as the original shop lots pattern is being renovated,

the historical architectural building and design of the

shop lots area will be faded.

-the historical evidences and elements of the town not

being fully appreciated by the people of current

generation

-the old buildings that being conserved gives an out

dated look to the town as the town itself function as

the administrative centre to Hulu Selangor district.

Gateway -all of the gateways to the KKB town centre are lack of urban furniture causing it to provide less

sense of welcoming to the passerby

-due to the current condition of the gateways, people

will be less attracted to the town, thus only related

people will entre, which in the other words would

ensure the town to be in a calm condition.

- People will be less attracted to the town due to lack

in sense of welcoming and the bad view along the

gateway.

-in relation to the above, less people will have the

knowledge on the historical significant of the town to

Figure 2.43: the view of unevenness of

skyline and the renovation of certain

shop lots area.

Figure 2.44: among the building that had been

conserved on its original facade.

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Table 2.10: The visual analysis of views in KKB Township

-the lack of regulation on the gateways causing some of the area serving bad views to the visitors.

Refer to Plan 2.9.

the development of town planning in Malaysia.

View -the present of infill land in the commercial area gives a bad visual impact to the visitor of the town,

even to the community itself

-the greeneries which located at the area of road to town centre (Jalan Merdeka) bring a sense of

freshness and give a good visual impact to the people.

-the refurnish of the greeneries allows people to

appreciate the history of the formation of the

greeneries in Jalan Merdeka

-the existing condition of the infill land gives a bad

visual impact to the visitors as the area are full of wild

grass and unregulated.

-in addition, the existing condition act as a barrier for

people to appreciate the historical element of the

commercial area to the formation of KKB township.

Vibrancy -the low level of vibrancy in the town, either during day or night led to the less movement of people

in certain area in the town.

-the lack in the provision of street light somehow affects the vibrancy of the town.

- -the existing condition of the vibrancy of the town

may cause people to be less attracted to visit the town

either during day or night time.

-it might have a high probability in the increasing of

crime rate, if the existing vibrancy condition of the

town is being take for granted.

Figure 2.45: among the existing condition on

the gateway to the KKB town.

Figure 2.46: among the existing

condition on the infill land in the

commercial area.

Figure 2.47: the view that being

provided along the area of Jalan

Merdeka

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3.8.3 CONSERVATION BUILDINGS AND AREA IN KUALA KUBU BHARU

Formation of Kuala Kubu Bharu also becomes an important history when the town of Kuala Kubu

Bharu (old) had been redeveloped around 1924. Charles Compton Reade was the individual who

is responsible for bringing change to the city. He has applied the concept of „Garden City‟ for the

first in Malaysia.

As Kuala Kubu Bharu is the first town that had been planned as the first garden city in Malaya,

there are many buildings and areas should be conserved and preserved due to the historical value

for the future generation. To retain its cultural significance, there are many method in conserving

the buildings and area. It can be done by restoration, reconstruction, adaptive re-use,

rehabilitation, and also any combination of the methods above.

Basically, conservation in Malaysia is still a new practice and new phenomenon. One of the acts

that related to conservation is the National Heritage Act 2005 or known as act 645. The definition

below based on the act 645;

• “tangible cultural heritage” includes area, monument and building;

• “Intangible cultural heritage” includes any form of expressions, community; musically

produced tunes…etc.

• “Natural heritage” includes natural features of any area in Malaysia which may consist of

earthly physical or biological formations or group of such formations, geological or

physiographical features.

As in Kuala Kubu Bharu, it is only the tangible cultural heritage because there are no culture or

others intangible heritage that can be specified as something that can be conserved. There are

several buildings and places that has been discovered have its own uniqueness and need to be

conserve such as the garden city plan itself, the shop houses, the old fire station at Jalan Dato

Tabal, , government quarters, Royal Malaysia Police College, the memorial clock tower, the

memorial monument of King George V.

1) The Garden City Concept

The historical and significance of the garden city concept.

Figure 3.1: Garden City layout plan and the current land use map that shows the difference

and the changes of land use activities.

The draft of layout plan for Garden city concept in Kuala Kubu Bharu had been done by

Charles Compton Reade on 1924.It is the first garden city and the starting point of town and

country planning in Malaysia. So, the garden city design and concept in Kuala Kubu Bharu

must be conserved. The garden city was distinctive for its use of zoning where a park belt

encircling the central shop houses. The town was separated into commercial, administrative,

residential and recreational sectors; the District Offices were located at administrative hub

on a hill overlooking the town centre. As mentioned, the commercial area formed the central

core for Kuala Kubu Bharu.

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Figure 3.2: the changes of land use at the park belt area.

As shown in figure 3.2 above, the park belt is the main component in this garden city

design concept. It separating between commercial and residential area was to be used for

public recreation such as field, cricket, and golf course. The residential sectors which

provided accommodation for the government employees were located beside the park belt

and a hospital and school was sited near to the residential area. Now the land use at the park

belt area as shown in figure is changing due to the modernization of Kuala Kubu Bharu and

it can be consider as they preserving the park belt area because they built the public usage

buildings. At the park belt area they built, stadium, sports complex, school, library and the

council also enhance the place with a park which is Taman Merdeka. Based on the landscape

elements, the district council also preserved all the old trees located at the green area along

the main road to the town centre.

This town centre of Kuala Kubu Bharu and other development that included in the garden

city planning seems to hold a very significant value of the past. The designs of the shops-

houses in the town seem to have similarity with other colonial building in Malaysia. So, it is

evidence in proving the British colonization in Malaysia. The grid iron design of the

commercial area also one of the earliest design by Charles Reade in the draft layout plan, so

it shows that, the whole area that included in the garden city plan and concept must be

conserved. The area can be conserved by the enforcement of law such as not allowing any

development that can affects the garden city planning concept.

Figure 3.3: Landscape that enhance the tree preserving at the town center.

Figure 3.4: Mini stadium that been developed at the park belt area.

Figure 3.5: The recreational park that located along Jalan Syed Mashor that was abandoned.

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3)The memorial monument of King George V and memorial clock tower

The historical and significance of memorial monument of King George V and memorial

clock tower.

Figure 3.6: the memorial monument of King George V.

The monument of King George V located in front of Masjid Al-Rahimah. This memorial was

built to commemorate the death of Cecil Ranking as the person who killed the white alligator

at the old town of Kuala Kubu. It is believed that the white alligator was killed at the Kuala

Kubu dam, thus it accidentally destroying it and there was a massive flood hit the Kuala

Kubu town due to the broken dam.

The memorial clock tower had been erected on 1938 at Kuala Kubu Bharu near to the government

office. The site location and the design of the clock tower were considered by the Ulu Selangor

Coronation Celebration Committee. The clock tower was built due to the funds of celebration

exceeded the estimated cost. Figure below, it shows the current view of the clock tower at Kuala

Kubu Bharu. The clock tower had been built at higher place to avoid any damage from children

that playing around.

Both of these monuments have to be conserve because it has historical value related to the

development of Kuala Kubu. However, for the memorial monument of King George V, the

current location for example in figure 3.6, is strategic but it is not outstanding based on it

colour itself. While, for the clock tower, the location is on the top of the hill of Bukit

Kerajaan, but it was blocked by tall trees around it. So, to conserve the monuments, it has to

be enhanced with landscape and signage, so it can be seen clearly by the tourist and people

who pass by those monuments.

Figure 3.7 : the monument of memorial clock

tower

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4) The old Shop Houses and the Grid Iron design of the town.

The History and the architectural significance of the old shop houses and grid iron design of

Kuala Kubu Bharu town centre.

Figure 3.8: the grid iron concept that can be seen clearly from the first layout plan.

Basically, the shop houses in Kuala Kubu Bharu are the earliest building that being planned in the

garden city township. The area of the shop houses at the town itself shows the grid-iron concept and

it can be seen clearly in the first layout plan of Kuala Kubu Bharu by Charles Reade on 1927 that

been shown in figure 3.8 above.

These old shop houses are integral to the evolution of the city‟s streetscapes and show very

clearly the urban conditions which started in Kuala Kubu Bharu when more permanent materials

such as brick and clay roof tiles replaced the earlier shop houses at the old town, timber structures.

These buildings also demonstrate the comprehensive building and planning regulations imposed

during British rule.

In Kuala Kubu Bharu, the typical design of two storey shop houses where the ground floor

for trading and the first floor for residential use is still the same until today. It is because they are

also the oldest extant urban dwelling in the country. For the current usage, some of the shop houses

been fully used for housing while major of it been used for trading. In figure 3.10 below shows the

current view of few shop houses that being used as a house where it can be seen clearly that the

owner still preserve and conserve the old design of the wall, the features of the building such as the

door, window, and the façade of the building. The combination of both residential and retail used

provided is actually create a lively and vibrant urban setting that typified a living city.

Other than that, conservation also can be done on the town itself by preserving the grid iron

design of the town and also the garden city concept. It can also be done by bringing back the old

town feeling which is related to the arrangement and the activities of people, where there will be

no development allowed which can make any changes on the earlier plan of the garden city and

the grid iron concept.

Figure3.9: The old shop houses.

242

Figure 3.10: Both of the figures above show the example of few shop lots at the town centre that

being used as residential. As can be seen above , the vintage design of the window and door of the

shop houses is quite similar even it is located at different block, and the wall and other features

are still be preserved by the owner of the house itself.

It is common for historic towns and old buildings to be valued simply for their aesthetic value,

because they are old and therefore they have a „scarcity value‟. For example the „kaki lima‟ or it also

called as „five-foot-ways‟ actually started on the traditional old shop houses which is used to cover

the passageway and also for the use of public spaces. The „five-foot-ways‟ also helps to create a

continuity and sense of unity to an urban ensembles which responsive for the hot humid climate and

the drenching rain. Based on the observation, all the shop lots in Kuala Kubu Bharu has its own

„five-foot-ways‟ starting from the earliest building of the shop houses in the town as shown in figure

3.11 below.

Figure 3.11: the five foot ways that was provided since the early stage of development of the shop

lot.

The old shop houses building in Malaysia is actually under threats and extinctions and Kuala Kubu

Bharu is one of the place that should be conserved the existing old shop houses. In Kuala Kubu

Bharu, few problems in conserving the shops houses been identified such as, lack of legislation,

lack of old materials, lack of control within local government; modernisation for example

economic interest to replace the old shop houses with the new buildings, and lack of awareness and

perspectives towards heritage buildings between publics.

243

5) The Earliest British Quarters. The History and the architectural significance of the British Quarters.

Figure 3.12: The orange coloured part shows the earliest quarters that exist in Kuala Kubu

Bharu.

The British quarters in Kuala Kubu Bharu had started it development in 1932 and it was

developed after the shop houses and the government building. The quarters been built to

accommodate all the governmental officers. Basically, the location is at the west side from

the town centre, and it is situated along Jalan Syed Mashor. The provision of the quarters

based on the hierarchy and the position of the staffs where there are two types of quarters

which are the clerks’ quarters and the officers’ quarters. The British officers’ house were

scattered at the green area beside the hospitals. As shown in figure 3.12 above, there are two

types of quarters where the clerks quarters is actually attached to each other, while for the

British officers is a single house or bungalow.

Based on the observation, it had been identified that the materials of house is different

between the officers and the clerks’ quarters. For the clerks’ quarters they are using timber

while for the officers’ quarters they are using brick and clay roof. As shown in figure below

are the bungalow lots or the British officers’ quarters that been provided in Kuala Kubu

Bharu in the year 1932.

Figure 3.13: One of the bungalows that provided for the British Senior officers.

Figure 3.14: The English Design of the interior of the house.

244

Figure 3.15: Shows the earliest clerks’ quarters that located along Jalan Syed Mashor and the

materials that been used is timber.

Figure 3.16: The green area in front of the clerks’ quarters.

Figure3.17: One of the old quarters that has been conserved by the district council to be as the gallery of arts and literally of Hulu Selangor District.

Figure3.18: One of the old quarters that has been conserved by the district council to be as the gallery of arts and literally of Hulu Selangor District.

There are few quarters that been conserved by the district council. One of it can be seen in

figure 3.18 above, which is one of the old quarters that been conserved by preservation and

restoration. Preservation means maintaining the fabric of a place and its existing state and

restoration is reassembling existing components without the introduction of new materials

where the quarters still using the same material of the building which is timber, and they

improved the façade by painting the building to protect rendering against the deteriorating

atmospheric effects.

After undergo the preservation process, the building can be adaptive reuse for the other

functions such as commercial, for example make it as a homestay so those buildings can

generate money and increase the economy of Kuala Kubu itself.

245

6) The fire station in Jalan Dato Tabal. The History and the architectural significance of the fire station at Jalan Dato Tabal.

Figure 3.19: The vacant fire station building

The fire station is located at the town centre where it is strategic location and near to Jalan

Pahang which is one of the main roads where people use to in and out of the town. The fire

station had been built around 1930’s.

Figure 3.20: the location of the fire station

As can be seen in figure 3.20, the fire station is actually located between the shop houses at

the middle of the town. From observation, it has been identified that the fire station is

abandoned. It is such a waste because there are many other activities that can be done and it

shows that the land in the town itself is not fully utilised. There are many other activities

such as retail, exhibition, where indirectly it can raise the economy of the place.

This building was identified has its special character proving the British colonization in

Malaysia, so it have to be conserved by restoration, improving the building façade and

rehabilitation in order to be able to live or use the particular building again. This is based on

the local plan of Hulu Langat district, it stated about the conservation guideline in Kuala

Kubu Bharu where a conservation of a place is determined based on the existence of

buildings that have evidence of historic area and urban areas with traditional and historical

images.

246

7) The Royal Malaysian Police College

The History and the architectural significance of the Royal Malaysian Police College.

Figure 3.21: the red shaded part shows the area of the Royal Malaysia Police College.

The Royal Malaysian Police College is situated at the west from the town centre which is beside

the Kuala Kubu Bharu hospital. It had been built on 1952 where previously it is a place for the

British to elect and train their officers. One of the other reason why it been built in Kuala Kubu

Bharu because of the Communist which active at that time in spreading their ideology and many

local people were killed. So the existence of Police College is to threaten the communist and to

limit and restrained their activities.

Generally, this building been officially opened in 1953 by the High Commissioner Federation of

Malaya, General Sir Gerald Templer. It has few blocks of office buildings and it provides a

bungalow for the head of British Officer where it is near to the police college building. For the

current view, there are few buildings in the college that is not in good condition of the façade and

it is due to the lifespan of the building. So, certain building is undergoing preservation process

which is reconstruction for the buildings that was in bad conditions.

Figure 3.22: Reconstruction of the administrative building due to bad condition of building’s

structure and façade

Figure 3.23: The old blocks of the college building that still in good conditions and good façade.

Figure 3.24: The bungalow that provided for the Senior Officer in the police college area.

247

It was a British colonial building where the administrative building has its own unique design.

Based on observation and study done, they still conserve the old features in the administrative

buildings itself such as the door and the window where they did not change it with new materials.

The wall of the building also been maintained by

Figure 3.25: the old materials of doors that still in use and the unique design of the wall of the

building which is for the lighting of the pathway

For conservation, it can be done on the bungalow that used to be as the officer’s house. The

current condition of the bungalow is in a good condition but it is vacant, and there is a

proposal to conserve and reuse the bungalow and make it as a police museum for publics

since this college is one of the pioneer police college in Malaya. Other than that there are also

tanks during war that has been conserved by the Royal Malaysia Police College as shown in

figure 3.26.

Figure 3.26: Tanks that had been conserved at Royal Malaysia Police College Kuala Kubu Bharu

248

SWOT ANALYSIS.

Sector Strength Weakness Opportunity Threats

URBAN DESIGN

Townscape

Certain townscape element, which is the path, has no conflict in term of movement of people. This is due to good traffic flow.

Certain townscape element can hardly visible due to less utilization of the townscape element, thus giving no enthusiasm to visitors.

Refurnish of those element gives a lot of attractiveness to the whole are of the township.

People less attracted to visit the town centre due to no attraction in the townscape element of the town.

Visual Appearance

Many greeneries being maintain or preserve in the town due to the concept, thus bring the feeling of calmness and good view to people.

Some area, Specially town centre and gateway are not well manage. These thus give bad visual impact and excluding the element of welcoming the town

People will be attracted to hang out here due to good view and landscape at certain area.

Due to the local climate and less parking space, people rarely use the park, thus less maintainance of the area provided –gives the area bad visual quality

Vibrancy

Vibrancy of the town can be seen in the early morning as movement of people in the early morning are more concentrated in the area of market and commercial area.

Vibrancy of the town only during particular time and event

People feel calm due to less movement of car which in the other perspective would lead to vibrancy of town.

Crime rate might increase due to less vibrancy of town,

Historical analysis

Gazetted in Local plan as town of heritage Less populated – slow economic pattern( business)

Tourist attraction for future different elements of interaction/ history not wasted.

Lack of enforcement.

CONSERVATION

Many historic building during British era that has unique building design and prove of the British colonization exist in Kuala Kubu and it should be conserved.

Lack of old materials and expensive materials for the buildings restoration and rehabilitation for conservation purpose to ensure no much change on the building fabrics.

Rich heritage shall attract tourists, many more potential sites under consideration

Modernisation of a town can affect the conservation of historical buildings which is lack of awareness and different perspective towards heritage building between publics.

ISSUES

ISSUES VERIFICATION PRELIMINARY RECOMMENDATION

Many historical buildings that has unique design and high potential are abandoned and vacant.

There are buildings such as the quarter’s area, and the fire station at town centre, and few shop houses that vacant and abandoned. Thus, it can decrease the image quality of the town and the land is not fully utilised.

Proposed to undergo comprehensive conservation such as the restoration process, rehabilitation, reconstruction, and adaptive reuse of the historic building that has potential in order to increase the tourist attraction and increase the economy of Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Week urban design element in the town causing it to have a low level of attraction for the passer by and the visitor of the town.

The low level of vibrancy either during the day or night, and the bad visual quality of the town especially in the area of the gateway to town and the area with abandoned old government quarters affect the level of interest in people to visit the town.

The vibrancy of the town needs to be enhanced, primarily through the provision of street light at the whole town. In addition, the regulation by related authority need to be emphasised in the enhancement of the views in the town, especially at the entrance to the town, in order to increase the level of attractiveness of people to the town.

249

INTRODUCTION

andscape and recreation area play a vital role in enhancing

the image and identity of Kuala Kubu Bharu as the first

garden city in Malaysia. It can be seen where the main

location of the recreation area is located at the center of the town

appropriate with the concept of ‘Garden City’. Besides that, it also

provides the sense of welcoming for the outside people who comes

to Kuala Kubu Bharu. Rather than that, landscape in Kuala Kubu

Bharu also functioned in beautifying the image of the city as the

administrative centre of Hulu Selangor. Besides for the visual

purpose, it also can help boost the economy in commercial area as

well as attract the tourist to visit the town.

OBJECTIVE

i. To recognize landscape that has potential to become an

image and identity of Kuala Kubu Bharu.

ii. To analyze the existing condition of landscape in different

land uses.

iii. To identify the hierarchy of the open spaces and activity

provided within the open spaces.

iv. To identify the issues related to the landscape and

recreational area.

SCOPE OF STUDY

i) Softscape

The analysis will be focused on the dominant tree and flowers

planted throughout Kuala Kubu Bharu town which also can be

enhanced to improve the image and identity of Kuala Kubu Bharu.

It also includes the types of tree planted within the town, its

location, existing condition, and its possible purpose.

ii) Hardscape

In this element, the aspects that are going to be highlighted are the

types of hardscape provided in the town, the existing condition,

and its location. Besides that, the elements of hardscape that have

potential to be enhanced as the identity of Kuala Kubu Bharu also

are going to be identified.

iii) Recreation area

The analysis in the aspect will be focused on the hierarchy of open

spaces provided within the town. This include the area, location,

existing condition and also the activity provided within the open

spaces.


Landscape can be divided into 2 types which are softscape and

hardscape. Softscape is an organic component of landscape which

requires time to mature or effectual and dependent on climatic

factors. All types of tree, shrubs and grasses can be classified as

softscape. Hardscape is non-organic components of landscape

which is effectual once it is constructed and non-dependent of

climatic factors which is walkways, street lamp, bench and

monument.

5.9.1 SOFTSCAPE ELEMENTS

Due to their history as the first ‘Garden City’ in Malaysia, soft

landscape plays an important role to enhance the concept of

Garden City in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Soft landscape in the town

become the main element functioned in beautifying the image of

Kuala Kubu Bharu as an administrative centre of Hulu Selangor.

The dominant tree planted in Kuala Kubu Bharu is ‘Swietenia

Mahogany’. This type of trees were planted along Jalan Dato‟

Tabal, Jalan Kubu and Jalan Merdeka. Sunflower or in scientific

name called ‘Helianthus Annuus’ become trademark for Kuala

Kubu Bharu town. The location of the flowers planted more focus

on the town center and at the administrative building.

L

3.9 LANDSCAPE AND RECREATION

250

Most of the trees planted in Kuala Kubu Bharu are in large sizes.

This kind of trees mostly planted along the main road. Its purpose

is to create the essence of green living in Kuala Kubu Bharu due to

its own history as the first „Garden City‟ in Malaysia. The other

function is to provide the shading area for the pedestrian the

parking area. It will encourage people to use the pedestrian

walkways. Besides that, these trees were planted in order to reduce

the temperature, prevent the bad visual that can give effects to the

visual impact of the town and also functioned as the buffer zone for

air and noise pollution.

For the aesthetic purpose, the flowers and shrubs play a

vital role to increase the aesthetic value of the town. It is important

to enhance the image of Kuala Kubu Bharu as an administrative

centre of Hulu Selangor. This type of trees can be seen planted at

the administrative building, around the commercial area and also at

the intersection of the road.

Based on the observation, the elements of soft landscape

throughout Kuala Kubu Bharu town can be further enhanced to

improve the image and identity of Kuala Kubu Bharu as the first

„Garden City‟ been applied in Malaysia as well as functioned as an

administrative centre of Hulu Selangor.

„HELIANTHUS ANNUUS‟

planted around Kuala Kubu

Bharu town.

„SWIETENIA MAHOGANY‟

along Jalan Dato‟ Tabal

252

There are the images of the trees planted throughout Kuala Kubu Bharu town.

“Bismarckia nobilis”

(Bismarck palm)

“Gardenia carinata”

(Cempaka Hutan)

“Pterocarpus Indicus” “Cassia fistu ”

(Indian Laburnam)

“Polyalthia longifolia”

(Asoka)

“Acasia Mangium ”

(Akasia)

“Pisona Alba ”

(Mengkudu)

“Erythrina orientalis ”

(Dedap)

“Aquilaria malaccensis ”

(Karas)

“Roystonia regia ”

(Palma Di raja)

“Fagraea Fragrans ”

(Tembusu)

“Tabebuai pallida’”

(Tabebuai)

“Lagerstroemia”

(Bungor)

“Ficus Benjamina ”

(Ara)

“Casuarina Junghuhniana ”

(Rhu Cemara)

“Azadirachta indica”

(Mambu)

(Jemerlang) “Mimusops elengi “ “Samanea saman” “Swietenia macrophylla”

The old tree species

253

5.9.2 HARDSCAPE ELEMENTS

Hard landscape can be classified as additional features or elements

being provided to further enhance the image and identity of Kuala

Kubu Bharu town due to its own history and status as the

administrative centre of Hulu Selangor. Its include the provision of

pedestrian walkways, landscape furniture, street furniture, and

other hardscape elements which can assist to improve the visual

image of the town as well as to serve the needs of users use.

Based on the observation, the paving road was setting in

Jalan Mat Kilau and Jalan Dato‟ Muda Jaafar which are the main

road enter to the commercial area in order to maintain the condition

of the road as well as to enhance the visual image of the area.

There are also walkways provided in front of the shop houses and

other hardscape elements such as bench, lamppost and dustbin.

From overall perspective point of view, the conditions of the

hardscape elements set up throughout Kuala Kubu Bharu town

were not well maintained. It can be seen either in the commercial

area which also the focal point for the community to gather or the

main focus area of the recreation activities been provided. There is

also no connection between the hardscape elements and softscape

elements. The walkways provided in the commercial area also are

not functioning due to its small size which cannot allow people to

use it and also the linkages of the pedestrian walkways which are

not really well planned. The provisions of the street lamps are

adequate but a few of it just not being used during night especially

in the commercial area.

It can be seen that the main focus areas of the provision of

the hardscape elements located in the commercial and recreational

area. This is because of the function of these areas as the focal

point for the community to come. Due to the above problems

stated, the hardscape elements are not well functioning to serve

people. Because of the hardscape elements are not well maintained,

it‟s a little bit give effects to the visual impact to the town.

The sizes of the walkways which

are not appropriate for people to

use it. Paving road in Jalan Mat

Kilau.

The integration between the element of

softscape and hardscape

(Signboard to the garden city in the world)

254

Based on figure 5.9.1, there are some places that pedestrian

pathways take places. Most of the pedestrian pathway located at

the town center of Kuala Kubu bharu itself. Then it spread out at

nearby parks with surrounding it at Jalan Merdeka also along the

road heading to the town center at Jalan Kubu and some pedestrian

pathway at the government offices located at Jalan Bukit Kerajaan.

These pedestrian pathways are located along the collector road in

Kuala Kubu Bharu, and most of it heading towards to the center of

the town itself.

The circulation of the pedestrian walkways in Kuala Kubu

Bharu was not well-planned. It can be seen in the commercial area

where the continuity of the pedestrian walkways was not strategic.

Based on the plan, the pedestrian walkways was not provided in

Jalan Dato‟ Tabal, Jalan Rasathurai, Jalan Kamaruddin and Jalan

Abdul Hamid. The provision of the pedestrian walkways actually

can help to boost the economy in Kuala Kubu Bharu. These

pedestrian walkways will encourage people to walk in front of the

shop houses and can attract them to buy the things sold in that

retails.

Based on the observation, the most of the pedestrian

walkways around the commercial area has been modified for the

parking area. Due to that, the size of the pedestrians walkways

were not longer appropriate for people to use it because of the size

is too small that can‟t enable people walking through it. Because of

that, people prefer moving from one place to another place by car

rather than just walking to their destination.

The design of the pedestrian walkways in Kuala Kubu

Bharu can be said as safe for the user because of the provision of

the railings along the walkways. It can prevent pedestrians from

involve in any accidents and also can avoid the snatch theft.

The sizes of the pedestrian walkways

which are not appropriate for people

walking through it.

Railings provided along the

pedestrian walkways.

255

Based on the analysis, there are also hardscape elements that have

potential to become the identity of Kuala Kubu Bharu. These

elements include the memorial clock of King George V and Queen

Elizabeth 1937 which located at Jalan Bukit Kerajaan, memorial

monument of King George V which located in front of Masjid Ar-

Rahimah and also the appreciation tower which located in front of

Merdeka Hall in Jalan Merdeka. All of these elements have their

own history related to Kuala Kubu Bharu.

All of these elements need to be improved in terms of the

image and softscape surrounding the area. From the observation

done, the surrounding areas of these three elements are not very

well-maintained. For example, the memorial clock and the

appreciation tower were covered by the larger tree nearby. It

prevents people from realizing the presence of these towers

because their sight has been blocked by the trees. The softscape

around these elements also has not very well highlighted. It needs

to be further enhanced so that people who come to Kuala Kubu

Bharu will notice the presence of these elements and become the

identity of Kuala Kubu Bharu.

256

5.9.3 RECREATION

Due to “Garden City” concept, the main focus area of the

recreational activities is located at the center of the town. The total

area of the recreational area within the town is 28.78 acre which

comprises of 1.28%. This area including the neighbourhood park

provided in the residential area. The largest park in Kuala Kubu

Bharu is Taman Merdeka recreational park which located along

Jalan Merdeka. The recreational area in Kuala Kubu Bharu consists

of:-

i. Bukit Kerajaan Recreational Park

ii. Jalan Merdeka Recreational Park

iii. Mini Stadium KKB

iv. Sports Complex

v. Syed Mashor Recreational Park

Based on the observation, there are no elements that connect

between the open spaces. The circulation inside the park also is not

very well planned and there is also no clear entrance going to the

park. Besides that, chosen of the hardscape elements set up in the

park are not appropriate. There is also lack of parking spaces

provided within the park and less parking for busses and cars. The

design of the park also is not user friendly for the disabled people

because there are no facilities provided for the disabled. By looking

at the existing condition of the parks, it is not well maintained and

managed. The activities provided within the park itself failed to

attract people come to the area. It is because there are no

interesting activities that can attract people to come.

Syed Mashor Recreational Park

Sports Complex

Stadium

Jalan Merdeka Recreational Park

Bukit Kerajaan Recreational Park

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Existing Condition

Bukit Kerajaan Recreational Park

Area: 3.63 acre

Jalan Merdeka Recreational Park

Area: 4.75 acre

Syed Mashor Recreational Park

Area: 2.48 acre

Stadium

Area: 6.38 acre

Sports Complex

Area: 3.00 acre

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Table 3.9.1 The hierarchy of the open spaces.

Hierarchy Recreation Area Development Components

Urban Park Bukit Kerajaan Recreational Park Playground

Jogging track

Gazebo

Outdoor gym

Bench

Jalan Merdeka Recreational Park Jogging track

Water features

Bench

Community Park Syed Mashor Recreational Park Playground

Futsal court

Tennis court

Bench

Neighbourhood Park Taman Ariff

Taman Seri Teratai

Taman Kuala Kubu Utama

Taman Juta

Rumah Murah Padang Tembak

Kg Asam Kumbang

Taman Seruling

Playground

Futsal court

Badminton court

Football field

Pocket Park In the intersection of Jalan Kubu and Jalan

Dato‟ Tabal

Bench

Dustbin

Lamppost

Softscape elements

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Table 3.9.2 The character of “Garden City” in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Layer / ward Main Characteristics of „Garden City‟ Concept Land Use Components in Kuala Kubu Bharu

First layer / ward „Green Lung‟

In this layer, there are open spaces called center park. This

park is a large recreational area for the community uses.

Jalan Merdeka recreational park

Jalan Bukit Kerajaan recreational park

Stadium

Syed Mashor recreational park

Second layer /ward „Government Building‟

All of the government buildings are located within this

area.

Hulu Selangor District Council (MDHS) in Jalan

Bukit Kerajaan

Hospital in Jalan Hospital

Schools in Jalan Sekolah

Police Station in Jalan Kubu

Fire Station in Jalan Dato‟ Tabal

Court in Jalan Kubu

Third layer / ward „Commercial Area‟

In this layer, there is commercial area where the business

centre, shop houses, retail and bank provided.

Shop houses

Retails

Bank

Restaurant

Market

Fourth layer / ward „Residential Area‟

In this area, the development of residential area began. The

residential area in this area consists of terraced houses and

bungalow. There are also open spaces provided in these

residential areas.

Residential area – Taman Juta, Taman Pesara,

Taman Kuala Kubu Utama, Taman Seri Teratai,

Taman Ariff, Taman Gamelan

Villages area – Kg Asam Kumbang, Kg Tun Abdul

Razak, Kg Dagang Setia

Quarters – Military quarters, JKR quarters

Fifth layer / ward „Industrial Area‟

Industrial activities such as factory and warehouses are

located in this layer. This kind of activities is located far

from the town center to decrease the pollution produces by

these activities.

Factory in Jalan Pahang

In front of Kg Asam Kumbang

Sixth layer / ward „Green Belt‟

Green area is located in the outer layer where the area

refers to the natural environment surrounding the area.

By looking at the existing land use, Kuala Kubu

Bharu was surrounded by agriculture land and

forest. This green area is a „Green Belt‟ for KKB.

Table 3.9.2 shows the character of “Garden City” in Kuala Kubu

Bharu that still can be seen nowadays. There are many “Garden

City” design elements were translated and applied in Kuala Kubu

Bharu:-

Park belts and playground

Visually attractive tree-planting treatment

Enhancing natural landscape views

Low density housing

Town vista and views

Sympathetic treatment of topography

Separation of land uses

The town is surrounded and bordered by a number of mountains

(Bukit Menggaru Mati, Bukit Batu Pahat, and Bukit Kutu)

provides a scenic backdrop or picture postcard effect. There are

also park belts that separate between the town centre and private

residential areas. Recreational complexes and schools occupy a

large area of the park belts today. Based on the table …., Kuala

Kubu Bharu town was divided into 6 layers/wards. The

development of the town started at the center of the town where the

main recreational area located. In other terms, it also was called as

“Greeen Lung”. Then, it surrounded by the government buildings

and commercial area. This is the area where people are going to

work. After that, the development of the residential areas began

and followed by the industrial area. The industry area is located in

the outer layer and far from the town centre due to the pollution

produces by this kind of activities. Finally, the Green Belt which

refers to the natural environment separates the Kuala Kubu Bharu

town with other town.

Kuala Kubu Bharu

Town Centre

262

ISSUES

ISSUES VERIFICATION PERILIMINARY ACTION

The main recreational area of the town are no

longer being used by the community

This is due to the lack of parking spaces. The parks are not well maintained. Existing

condition of the park also very poor and lack of public facilities provided within the open

spaces. Besides that, the activity provided within the parks failed to attract people to

come. There is also no connection between the open spaces.

Build a large recreational area by combining all the small size of open

spaces and provide a variety of activities within the park to attract

people come.

The elements of landscape at the main entrance

didn‟t produce the sense of welcoming for the

outside people to come to Kuala Kubu Bharu

There is no clear landmark that shows the entrance to Kuala Kubu Bharu town. The

elements of landscape set up at the entrance also not really well enhanced.

Build a gateway at the main entrance to Kuala Kubu Bharu town. The

landscape elements at the entrance as well as the commercial area

nearby are needed to be enhanced to give the positive image of the

town to the outside people.

The landscape elements in the commercial area

which is the focal point for the community to gather

are in poor condition. The elements of hardscape

are not really well planned and cannot serve the

users need.

The pedestrian walkways in front of the shop houses are not really well planned and also

very small in size that prevent people to use it. There is also no connection between the

softscape elements and the hardscape elements.

Planned the continuity of the pedestrian walkways in front of each row

of shop houses. Convert all road around the commercial area into

paving road and also increase the provision of landscape furniture

around these area.

SWOT ANALYSIS

SECTOR STRENGTH WEAKNESSES OPPOURTINITY THREATS

LANDSCAPE Improve the urban image and vista of

Kuala Kubu Bharu town.

It could destroy the visual impact of the

town due to the poor maintenance.

Can attract tourist to come to Kuala Kubu

Bharu.

-

RECREATION Can attract the outside people to come to

Kuala Kubu Bharu

- Can boost the economy value of Kuala

Kubu Bharu.

-

263

INTRODUCTION

Environment is the circumstances or conditions that surround a

group of organism. It also can be defined as the complex of social

or cultural conditions that affect an individual or community. There

are some physical aspects that are going to be analyzed in this

sector according to the scope of study which will be the parameters

to measure the quality of environment at the study area.

OBJECTIVE

To identify the current environmental quality level of the

study area and the overall development impact towards the

environment.

To identify the topography of Kuala Kubu Bharu in order to

determine the suitable land use to be developed on the study

area.

To identify the pattern and types of water bodies and its

quality including the pH value of the water as it is the main

source for people to live.

To identify the pattern local climate in of the area in order

to know the changing climate of the area

SCOPE OF STUDY

There are several elements on this sector which are:

1. Topography and drainage pattern

Topographic pattern (highest peak; slope; land use

coverage)

River basin (hectare or km2)

Upstream and downstream-river outlet

Water bodies (river, stream, pond, lake)

Main river and its tributaries

2. Climatic condition

Temperature (0C/0F)-average mean readings (in

monthly/yearly)

Humidity (%)-average level (monthly/yearly)

Rainfall (mm/month)

Wind speed (knot; km/hr.) & prevailing wind (direction)

3. River water quality

Water quality index (WQ)-yearly.

6 parameters: pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological

oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD),

nitrogen ammoniacal(NH3N) and total suspended solid

(TSS)

Water monitoring station-location and number of stations

4. Air quality

Air monitoring stations (DoE)-location, number of stations

Level of air quality index (Air Quality Index-API)

Sources of pollution-e.g. Industrial areas

5. Noise level

Unit decibel (dBA)

Primary data-conduct fieldwork to record reading (location

and number of stations)

Sources of pollution-vehicles; factory operation, „walit‟

bird etc.

6. Nuisance

Types of activities, e.g. piggery rearing, chicken farm,

dumping sites, quarrying operation etc.

Location and number of stations of influential activities

Consequences-affect community well-being and health

project Kuala kubu Bharu

7. Environmental sensitive areas (ESA)

ENVIRONMENT 3.10 ENVIRONMENT

264

3.10.1 TOPOGRAPHY AND DRAINAGE PATTERN

Data collected

Topography can be defined as the study of Earth's surface shape and feature. It is an important factor in

most land planning decisions. Three key attribute maps can be derived from a topographic survey. That

is elevation from mean sea level, landform and the classification of slope angles. The studying about the

landform of contour will produce the slope contour through the cross-section. This three finding are the

most important while producing the finding for topography. But, regarding to the SAP report, only the

pattern of landform of the study area will be analysing in order to relate with drainage/river system

Figure 1: topography map (two dimensions)

Figure 2: legends to the topography map at figure 1

Figure 3: topography map (three dimensions)

265

Data analysis and finding

Kuala Kubu Bharu has an elevation of roughly 50-80 metres above sea level. The elevation levels

decrease in a south fashion. Following nature‟s law of gravity, water also descends from the mountain

peaks to the lowest elevation in the area. The rivers found on the site area are Sg. Kumbang, Sg. Kubu

and Sg. Kelempong. After conducting fieldwork by means of observation and reference to previous

studies relating with Kuala Kubu Bharu, the topography is a mostly flat in the middle part except Taman

Bukit Kerajaan. In short, the topography has no unique characteristic to it.

The highest point of the map is at the northwest of the site which is 124 meters from sea level and it is

near the commuter station and the lowest point is 56 metres which is at the quarters housing area near to

the hospital. The highest and lowest point can be refer to figure 1.

Water bodies/rivers are the most important element in the environmental ecosystem. The biodiversity

of the surrounding landscape depends on water for not just a source of hydration, but also habitat, food

source and to support human settlement and activities. In the case of towns and cities, the surface river

quality can indicate the well-being of the town or city.

Through primary data which is being obtained through site visit, it is found that there is one type

of water body which is stream. The existence of this water bodies has create impacts to the existence of

living things on the proposed site. This shows the importance of hydrology to balancing the

environment. The elements of water bodies here is natural.

Data analysis and findings

During site visit, there are a few water bodies that can be found which include few streams. Few pictures

have been snapped and some water samples have been taken. Instead of the types of hydrology, the types

of water bodies, the water quality, and the flood plain area are being observed and identified.

Figure 4: Water bodies map

Sungai Selangor River Basin

The river basin has three main tributaries which are Sg, Kumbang, Sg. Kubu, and Sg. Kelempong. The

inlet of the water came from Pertak dam. The outlet of the river is at Selat Melaka.

Kuala Kubu Bharu has an elevation of roughly 50-80 metres above sea level. The elevation levels

decrease in a south fashion. Following nature‟s law of gravity, water also descends from the mountain

peaks to the lowest elevation in the area. Several rivers run northwards downstream, which indicate a

more in depth information about the topography. The rivers found on the map are Sg. Kubu,Sg.Kumbang

and Sg. Kelempong. Refer to map water bodies on the next page.

266

MAP OF water bodies

267

map of water flow

268

3.10.2 LOCAL CLIMATE

Data collected

Local climate is one of the important elements in completing a site

analysis. The aspects of local climate are the mean temperature, the

amount of rainfall and the mean humidity of the site. Every aspect

of climate has important roles in translating the suitability of

development in the area.

Table 1: type of data

Types of data Source

Primary data The study area of Kuala Kubu

Bharu.

Secondary data Department of Meteorology

Malaysia

Data of local climate are partially provided by the

Department of Meteorology Malaysia and the rest of the data are

taken primarily on the site. The primary data includes the aspects

of humidity and temperature. These data were collected by using

the instrument named barometer. Meanwhile, the secondary data

was provided by the Department of Meteorology Malaysia. The

data provided by the department are more thorough and precise.

The station of the data collection is at the Hospital of Kuala Kubu

Bharu. The data meant are mean temperature, amount of rainfall

and mean humidity. The secondary data shows the mean of the

aspects for 2006 to 2010.

The readings of the climate elements were taken at many

different locations at different times. The chosen locations were

various from the lowest point on the site until the higher land areas

so the data would thoroughly cover if not whole, at least a huge

part of the study area. Instrument used in taking data of the

elements was barometer. The map (Figure) in the next page shows

the locations data were taken from.

The map shows six locations of places where the data of

climate are being taken. The first point was a low area. The climate

is slightly influenced by the surrounding area which is the

residential area.

The second point is located far northern from the first point.

The third location was at the north of the second point; the land

was low and even. Next, the fourth point was at a higher land, it

was surrounded by trees. The location of the fifth point was a high

land also surrounded by trees. The last point which was the sixth

was the highest point among the chosen locations. The locations

where data are taken will give a huge influenced on the results

regarding especially the surrounding area and heights of the

locations.

Table 2: Temperature (primary data)

LOCATIONS TIME HUMIDITY (%) TEMPERATURE( oC)

1 10.10 am 40.5 26.3

2 10.30 am 43.0 27.7

3 10.59 am 46.6 26.8

4 11.00 am 83.0 28.8

5 11.08 am 75.0 30.2

6 11.15 am 74.0 30.5

According to the table above, the lowest humidity identified on the

site was 40.5% which was taken at a low land. The highest

humidity in the area was 83.0%. The reading was taken at the 4th

point on the map. The variation of the reading may be explained by

the surrounding area of the location and time. Humidity of the

study area was increased by time. It was low in the morning and

increasing as it getting to afternoon. The average of the

temperature was 28.27o C. The temperature on site was slightly

higher than the normal average temperature of Malaysia which is

27o C.

Secondary data acts to support the insufficiency of primary data. It

gives thorough and accurate details on the climate elements.

Additional information about amount of rain, number of rainy

days, mean temperature and a more precise data about wind

direction are obtained from Malaysia Meteorology Department.

Data provided are in numerical details, they are being summarized

by being made in graphic forms. The data obtained was the most

recent, year 2010.

Figure 5: temperature (secondary data)

Malaysian temperature averages from 21-29 degrees Celcius based

on the graph shown, mean temperature of the area only ranges

between 25.9oC until 27.7

oC within a year. The highest

temperature is recorded in February, while the coolest is at

September. It changes by the temperature of 1oC in the first month.

The mean temperature then merely decrease and fall again within

two months. Then, it increases by 0.5oC in May, and decreases by

0.5oC in Jun. In July, the mean temperature maintained until

August and slightly decreases by 0.3oC in September Temperature

dropped dramatically from May to September which is probably

due to the monsoon season. Once again, the mean temperature

25

25.5

26

26.5

27

27.5

28

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEPT OCT NOV DEC

TemperatureºC

269

rises in October and fall on November. At the end of the year, it

increases by little. Basically the temperature of the area is not any

different than the normal average temperature in Malaysia which is

27oC.

Rainfall

Figure 6: Rainfall data

According to the data provided by the Department of Meteorology

Malaysia, the study area received the least of 15 days of rainy days

in one of the months in 2010 and the highest of 26 days, the same

year. The number of rainy days in the early months of the year is

little because the least number of rainy days is on February. The

number started increasing until Jun and decreasing again in July.

However, the number increases again in August and slightly

decreases in September. The numbers of rainy days decrease in the

next month. Then, it increases again, only more dramatically in the

next month. November contains the highest number of rainy days

in the year. Such readings and observation could be the result of

the two monsoon season striking Malaysia every year. The pattern

repeated until the end of the year with less drastic changes in

number of rainy days between the months. The average number of

rainy days in months for year 2010 is 19 days.

Based on the graph above, Kuala Kubu Bharu has received a lot of

rainfall ranging from 6.5 ml to 335 ml in year 2010. The amount

of rainfall starts at 71.5 ml in January and decreases drastically in

February with an increment of 6.5 ml. The pattern repeated until

December with different changes of rainfall amount. Typically,

Malaysia Peninsular experiences monsoon season from November

until the end of January. February is the driest month of the year

as it received the least amount of water followed by January with

the reading of 71.5 ml. According to the graph, the study area in

the early half year has distinct changes of rainfall amount with the

other half. The study area basically received average amount of

rainfall within the whole year.

Humidity

Figure 7: Humidity data

Based on the graph above, the relative humidity throughout five

years only ranges between 75.1 to 82.8 percentages. The readings

were taken averagely from 2006 to 2010. The highest percentage is

84.9% which is on November while the lowest percentage is 75.1

% on February. Such readings and observation could be the result

of the two monsoon season striking Malaysia every year. It can be

conclude that the humidity relates to the rainfall. Readings in

November is the highest due to the start of the monsoon season.

February is the least humidity level because there is less rainfall

during that month while November is the highest humidity level

because it relates to the rainfall as well.

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JULY AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

Axi

s Ti

tle

Rainfall mm

70

72

74

76

78

80

82

84

86

JAN FEB MAR APR MAR JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC

Humidity %

average

270

3.10.3 RIVER WATER QUALITY

Data collected

According to the site, there are three main rivers on the site which are Sg. Kubu, Sg. Kelempung and Sg.

Kumbang. These rivers are the main subject of the study. Some of the parameters that have been

analyzed on the rivers and water bodies on the study area which are Biochemical Oxygen Demand

(BOD), Suspended Solid (SS), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Ammoniacal Nitrogen (NH3-N), and pH. Water

had been classified into Water Quality Level and Water Quality Index. The table 2 shows the standard of

the water quality level that has been classified into 5 classes.

Table 3: River Water quality guideline

Sources: Department of Irrigation and Drainage

Parameters CLASS 1 2 3 4 5

Ammoniacal

Nitrogen (NH3-N)

Mg/l <0.1 0.1-

0.3

0.3-

0.9

0-2.7 >2.7

Biochemical

Oxygen Demand

(BOD)

Mg/l <1.0 1-3 3-6 6-12 >12

Chemical Oxygen

Demand (COD)

Mg/l <10 10-25 25-50 50-

100

>100

Dissolved Oxygen

(DO)

Mg/l >7 5-7 3-5 1-3 <1

pH >7 6-7 5-6 <5 >5

Suspended

Solids(SS)

Mg/l <25 25-50 50-

150

150-

300

>300

Water Quality

Index

WQI >

92.7

76.5-

92.7

51.9-

76.5

31.0-

51.9

<31.0

Table 4: shows the description of the class

Class Description

Class 1 Represent water bodies of excellent quality. Standards are set for the conservation of

natural environment in its undisturbed state. Water bodies such as those in the national

park areas, fountain-heads, and in the highlands and uninhabited areas comes under this

category where strictly no discharge of any kind is permitted. Water bodies in this

category meet the most stringent requirements of human health and aquatic life

protection.

Class 2 Represent water bodies of good quality. Most existing raw water supply sources come

under this category. Class IIA standard are set on the basis of the developed for the

protection of human health and sensitive aquatic species known to exist in the waters. In

practice, no body contact activity is allowed in these waters for the prevention of

transmission of probable human pathogens.

Class 3 Is defined with the primary objective of protecting common and moderately tolerant

aquatic species of economic value. Water under this classification may be used for water

supply with extensive/ advanced treatment. This class of water is also defined to suit

livestock drinking needs.

Class 4 Defines water quality required for major agricultural irrigation activities which may cover

minor applications too sensitive crops.

Class 5 This class represents other water, which does not meet of any of the usage mentioned

above.

271

The formula for calculating the Water Quality Index (WDI) goes as follows:

WQI= (0.22 x SIDO) + (0.19 x SIBOD) + (0.16 x SICOD) + (0.15 x SIAN) + (0.16 x SISS) + (0.12 x

SIpH)

Notes:

SIDO = Sub-Index DO (in %)

SIBOD = Sub-Index BOD

SICOD = Sub- Index COD

SIAN= Sub-Index NH3N

SISS = Sub-Index SS

SIpH= Sub-Index pH

Table 5: shows average of water quality year 2009 (secondary data)

Sources: Department of Irrigation and Drainage

Table 6: shows pH water from several different water bodies (primary data)

Time/month Parameters

Ammoniacal

(NH3-N)

Biochemical

oxygen demand

(BOD)

pH Total

suspended

solid (TSS)

January 0.05 4 7 216

February 5.20 10 6.9 639

March 5.20 7 6.7 195

April 2.50 6 6.9 369

May 5.20 4 6.6 304

June 0.07 3 7.3 254

July 0.09 2 6.7 117

August 1.6 7 6.5 499

September 1.1 7 6.4 648

October 0.55 2 6.4 1120

November 0.56 3 7.2 232

December 0.09 2 6.7 323

Average 2.4 5 6.7 410

Classes 4 3 2 5

station 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

pH 6.14 6.29 6.51 6.13 6.19 6.14 6.17 6.37

272

Map water quality station

273


Table 1 and 2 show the guidelines of water quality and then table 3 and 4 shows secondary and primary

data. Based on table 4, that was the result from sample of the river water that have been taken from the

site. There were eight point/places water sample been taken. It was from Sg. Kelempung, Sg. Kubu, and

Sg. Kumbang. Those stations of water sample can be seen on Map 1. There are also formula to calculate

the water quality index. Six parameters need to be combined and need to be adding to come out the

result of water quality index. However, there have only four parameters have been provided. So, the

analysis will be based on those four parameters which are; ammoniacal (NH3-N), Biochemical Oxugen

Demand, pH, and total solid suspended.

Regarding to the table 3, we can see that the class of each parameters are different. Ammonical is under

class four, the BOD is under class3, ph water under class 2 and the worst is total solid suspended under

class 5. The average classes fall under class 3. The water quality falls under class 3 which is categorized

as water that may be used for water supply with extensive/ advanced treatment. This class of water is

also defined to suit livestock drinking needs.

Knowing the water quality of the water bodies in the proposed site is one of the important steps in

site analysis. Knowing the pH of the water able to help in identifying the contaminated water bodies, it

also assist in searching for the source of the pollution, as well as helping in curing the polluted

environment.

To preserved water bodies needs a lot of sacrifice and may bring cost to the development but the

importance of water bodies cannot be denied. As a part of the environment, water bodies like stream and

river gives so many things to the habitats like food and water itself. Moreover, water bodies can be a

natural drainage to flow water. The proper development to the water bodies area might change its‟

function as a source of water into recreational area without neglect its‟ original function.

3.10.4 AIR QUALITY

Data collected

In Malaysia, the air quality is monitored by a national‟s network of 51 air quality monitoring stations in

the whole country. In Kuala Kubu Bharu, the nearest position of the station is on the coordinate of N

03°41.267, E 101°31.466. This station is the nearest station to Kuala Kubu Baru.

There are five air pollutants used as a parameter in computing the air pollution index (API) which

are ozone (O3), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), and

particulate matter less than 10 microns in size (PM10). The API is categorized as good, moderate,

unhealthy, very unhealthy and hazardous as presented in Table 5.

Table 7: shows the API categorised

API Status

0-50 Good

51-100 Moderate

101-200 Unhealthy

201-300 Very Unhealthy

>300 Hazardous

Table 8: shows API year 2006 and 2010

Month/

Year

Jan Feb March April May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec

2006 Minimum

API

16 18 24 13 20 21 30 21 24 18 18 21

Maximum

API

45 38 54 44 95 60 110 110 123 110 44 49

Average 30.5 28 39 28.5 57.5 40.5 70 65.5 73.5 64 31 35

2010 Minimum

API

20 26 25 27 30 25 21 20 23 23 18 18

Maximum

API

60 75 73 64 128 100 90 90 54 61 80 78

Average 40 50.5 49 45.5 79 62.5 55.5 55 38.5 42 49 48

274

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Air

Po

lluti

on

In

de

x (A

PI)

Average Air Pollution Index in Kuala Kubu Bharu, Year 2006 and 2010

2006

2010

Figure 8 : Shows the graph of Average of Air Pollution Index


Data of API in the year of 2006 and 2010 was taken to make a comparison of the recent API and the

years before that. Table 6 shows the maximum and minimum Air Pollution Index in Kuala Kubu Bharu

for the year 2006 and 2010. The data then graphed in average as presented in table 6.

Referring to table 6, the maximum API for both years 2006 and 2010 falls in the category of

unhealthy where both records the API of above 100. However, the unhealthy API in the year 2010 was

only recorded on the month of May as if to compare with the year 2006, there were 4 months; July until

October recorded the API above 100. This shows an improvement for the air quality in term of

decreasing number of unhealthy days in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

The air quality in Kuala Kubu Bharu is not so bad with the exceptional for some unhealthy ones.

The activities in Kuala Kubu Bharu are being held in a good way which they do not contribute much in

polluting the air and because there is less industrial sector at the site area. Kuala Kubu Bharu' air quality

can be considered as satisfactory since it there are places in Malaysia which the air quality status mostly

compromise of the moderate one and less good one to compare with other places in Malaysia,. This

quality should be maintained because there is less places in Malaysia nowadays have a good air

quality.In a nutshell, regarding to the analysis, all types of development are suitable in the area.

275

3.10.5 NOISE LEVEL

Data collected

In Malaysia, there is a guideline specifically for noise level which

is „The Planning Guideline for Environmental Noise Limits and

Control‟. In this guideline, it has provided the allowable reading

measurement for different land uses. This guideline also helps in

deciding the suitable land use according to its noise level in

planning an area. Table 3 shows the maximum permissible sound

level of receiving land use.

Table 9: shows the maximum permissible sound level of receiving

land use for planning and new development

Receiving land use

category

Day time

7:00 a.m. –

10:00 p.m.

Night time

10:00 p.m. – 7:00

a.m.

Noise Sensitive Areas,

Low Density Residential,

Institutional (School,

Hospital) and Worship

Areas

50 dB (A) 40 dB(A)

Suburban Residential (

Medium Density) Areas,

Public Spaces, Parks and

Recreational Areas

55 dB (A) 45 dB (A)

Urban Residential (High

Density) Areas and

Designated Mixed

Development Areas

(Residential-

Commercial)

60 dB (A) 50 dB (A)

Commercial Business

Zones

65 dB (A) 55 dB (A)

Designated Industrial

Zones

60 dB (A) 60 dB (A)

.Sources: The Planning Guidelines for Environmental Noise Limits

and Control

Table 10: location of station and the readings of noise level on

Saturday, 15th

October 2011.

Station/places Time Decibel

1. Dataran KKB 9.00-9.20am 73.5

2 Station KTM 9.20-.40am 86

3 Taman Seri

Teratai

9.40-10.00am 68.3

4 Masjid

ArRahimah

10.00-10.20am 71.2

5 Taman Bukit

Kerajaan

10.20-10.40am 76.8

6 Kg. Baru Asam

Kumbang

10.40-11.00am 72.3

7 Taman Selesa 11.00-11.20am 73.8

8 Commercial area 11.20-11.40am 71.6

9 Commercial area 11.40-12.00pm 71.8


Based on the observation and interview from local people, Kuala

Kubu Baru is quite a noisy place. As the evidence to the statement

above, the reading of the noise had been taken. The main subject is

the area along main road, Jalan Pahang on Saturday, 15th

October

2011. Other than that, the area around station KTM also becomes

the subject.

The third station is housing area, Taman Seri Teratai. The main

purpose is to identify either the noise from the main road give

nuisance to the housing area. It also same as the station six and

seven, where there is the housing area of Kg. Baru Assam

Kumbang and Taman Selesa. As for the fourth station which is

Masjid Ar-Rahimah, the noise level were taken to identify whether

the noise level can be nuisance to the community or not because

that is where community gathers to pray. The fifth station which is

at Taman Bukit Kerajaan was gathered due to the traffic and as for

the last stations which are eight and nine, the noise level were also

taken due to the same reason which is to identify whether it gives

nuisance to communities. Since the data taken was in the morning,

the noise level that a maximum permissible sound level of

receiving should be around 65 dB. The average data for the site is

74 dB which exceeds the permissible sound level. It can be

concluded that the site area is noisy even though there is less

industrial sectors. The readings are quite the same for the weekdays

so the data of readings on the weekdays are not included.

As conclusion, regarding to the projection; the number of

population will increase same goes to the vehicles on the road. So,

the number of decibel unit automatically will increase and disturb

community especially at the hosing area. Based on the analysis, the

instalment or improvement of buffer zone is recommended.

276

Map noise level

277

ISSUES

SWOT ANALYSIS

On Issue Verification Preliminary recommendation

Stream being polluted by domestic waste. Solid waste from commercial and hosing been throw to the

stream.

Three main streams on the study area need

have treatment before joining with Sg.

Selangor.

Management of drainage and water bodies

needs to be improved.

ASPECT STRENGTH WEAKNESS OPPORTUNITY THREAT

Environment Mostly, all of the elements of environment

(local climate, air and noise) are

satisfactory and all of type development

can be done.

The site is mostly low land area and in

suitable degree of slope for development.

---

Regarding to the local climate, air and

noise all of development can be

developed.

The pattern of topography and natural

condition in Kuala Kubu Baru could

become attraction to people to migrate.

Solid waste from stream of the area

can give effect to the health of

people.

278

INTRODUCTION

The tourism sector is one of the main catalysts in

generating economic growth in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Viewed from

the aspect of the potential and ability, the ability of tourism

development in Kuala Kubu Bharu is expected to be a positive

impact on future economic growth.

Kuala Kubu Bharu has a great potential to be a major

tourist transit. This is because the road conditions are good with

less crooked bend, the size of a wider road and a shorter distance.

These factors provide comfort to the tourists and hence become

their preferred route. The potential should be exploited in

intelligent and optimal way by the Local Authorities of Kuala

Kubu Bharu to raise the economic resources and promote tourism

products available in Kuala Kubu Bharu and its surroundings.

Kuala Kubu Bharu also serves as a transit city to the

surrounding areas. Some tourist destinations that can be found are

in the area of Kuala Kubu Bharu, the area adjacent to it and also

outside Kuala Kubu Bharu. The tourism industry has a strong

outlook in terms of long-term because it has many tourism

products that have not featured on a commercial basis. Therefore,

detailed information and studies will be made to identify the

strengths, opportunities and potential of each tourism product.

But most importantly, each level of sustainability of

tourism products in generating the economic growth of population

and area of Kuala Kubu Bharu shall be determined at the end of

this study. However, the proposal and appropriate measures will

be identified so that the tourism industry as a whole will strengthen

the development economy Kuala Kubu Bharu and district economy

in general.

OBJECTIVE

1. To identify the categories of tourism attraction in the area

of Kuala Kubu Bharu in term of tourism products, elements

of tourism products and the assessment of tourism product.

2. To identify the tourism facilities and infrastructure in term

of the accommodation and the supporting facilities.

3. To identify the tourist arrival and origin in order to know

the tourism service.

SCOPE OF STUDY

Scope of Study One: Categories of Tourism

A category of tourism involves the existing categories of tourism

in the area. It is identified by the potential that has been produced

by the tourism sector of Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Scope of Study Two: Accommodation

The accommodation of tourism sector is determined in order to

provide a good service to the tourist. It is identified by the existing

type of accommodation in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Scope of Study Three: Tourist Arrival

The data of tourist arrival is needed to expect the demand and

supply of tourism sector in present and future. This is to ensure that

the demand supplied is adequate and parallel with the number of

tourist in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

FINDING AND ANALYSIS

3.11.1 CATEGORIES OF TOURISM

EXISTING CATEGORIES OF TOURISM

The study area consists of three (3) tourism categories that are: -

i. Eco – tourism

ii. Agro – tourism

iii. Heritage & Culture tourism

The area of Kuala Kubu Bharu had been categorized into 3

different categories which are eco-tourism, agro-tourism and

heritage & culture tourism. The categorized tourism had been

determined based on the existing potential for tourism sector on the

site.

Kuala Kubu Bharu has great prospects to become a transit point

because it has a potential range of travel products featured. Kuala

Kubu Bharu can be used as the starting point of travel activities for

its strategic location.

Eco – tourism is the main category that dominates the tourism

sector in Kuala Kubu Bharu. This is because Kuala Kubu Bharu is

a rural area which mostly consists of natural environment that

provides comforting surrounding to be enjoyed by local people and

tourist. The products of eco – tourism that can be found in Kuala

Kubu Bharu are waterfalls, river basin and hot springs. All of these

places give the tourist the chance to explore and appreciate the

nature through various activities such as camping, rafting, jungle

tracking and many more.

3.11 TOURISM

279

Second category of tourism is Agro – tourism. It is based on the agriculture activities like breeding

and home stay at the site. The existing Santuari Ikan, Sungai Chilling can be the potential for agro

tourism where the tourists have the chance to carry out an activity such as feeding fish. Home stay in Kg.

Gerachi Jaya and Kg. Pertak are also one of the Agro – tourism products. At the home stay, tourist can

watch the „orang asli‟ traditional hunting activities that use the skills of blowpipes, fishing and searching

for natural source in the jungle. All these activities will provide experience for tourists about the

uniqueness of the „orang asli‟ way of life.

The third category which is Heritage & Culture tourism covers most of the tourism spot at town

center. This is because Kuala Kubu Bharu has many old building and monuments that reflects the

historical value of the town itself. The buildings and monuments that have been identified to be the

potential heritage into tourist attractions is the old building of fire station, commercial building, police

quarters, clock tower and Masjid Al-Hidayah that survives from flood that occurs in 1883.

Table 1.1 shows the categories of tourism in Kuala Kubu Bharu while table 1.2 shows the existing

tourism attraction located inside and outside boundary of study area in Kuala Kubu Bharu

Table 1.1: The categories of tourism in Kuala Kubu Bharu

CATEGORIES OF

TOURISM

TYPE OF PRODUCT TOURISM ATTRACTION

Eco – tourism 1. Waterfalls

2. River basin

3. Hot springs

1. Chilling waterfalls

2. Kuala Kubu Bharu Hot Spring

Agro tourism 1. Home stays

2. Breeding

1. Kg. Pertak dan Kg. Gerachi Jaya

2. Santuari Ikan Sg. Chilling

Heritage & Culture 1. Old buildings

2. Historical monuments

3. Tower

1. - Balai Bomba

- Old commercial buildings

- Police quarters

2. Memorial monuments

of Cecil Reade

3. - Clock tower

- Appreciation tower

280

Table 1.2: The location of tourism in Kuala Kubu Bharu inside and outside boundary of study area

Tourism Attraction location

inside boundary outside boundary

i. Kuala Kubu Bharu Night Market

ii. Historical Elements

a. Old Fire Station

b. Old commercial buildings

c. Police quarters

d. Clock tower

e. Appreciation tower

f. Memorial monuments of Cecil

Reade

iii. Millenium Park

iv. Orang Asli‟s Village

a. Kg. Pertak

b. Kg. Gerachi Jaya

v. Mahseer Fish Sanctuary, Sungai Chiling

vi. Kuala Kubu Bharu Hot Spring

vii. Selangor Dam

viii. Fraser Hill

*The location is within 40km from the town center of Kuala Kubu

Bharu.

POTENTIAL FROM EXISTING CATEGORIES OF TOURISM

The existing categories of tourism in Kuala Kubu Bharu had been determined by identifying

the areas of specific potentials and attractions. The potentials of the areas are to be exposed and

branded through their categories by applying recommended approach and programs to the area. For

example, the area that had been identified under the category of eco-tourism can be branded as Eco -

Zone and being implemented with interesting activities to encourage tourist to explore the natural

environment in the area.

EXISTING TOURISM ACTIVITIES / DEVELOPMENT

Kuala Kubu Bharu has several existing tourism activities and development. These existing

tourism activities and development includes the major attractions and existing activities in the study

area. The existing tourism activities and development are Kuala Kubu Bharu Night Market, Old Fire

Station building, Old commercial buildings, Police quarters, Clock tower, Appreciation tower,

Memorial monuments of Cecil Reade, Millenium Park, Orang Asli‟s Village, Mahseer Fish

Sanctuary Sungai Chiling, Kuala Kubu Bharu Hot Spring, Selangor Dam, White Water Rafting and

Fraser Hill. The heritage buildings at the town center like Monument of Cecil Reade, clock tower and

appreciation tower that become the landmark of Kuala Kubu Bharu, is the significance of the

elements of urban design. It is under the elements of landmarks in urban design.

MAJOR ATTRACTIONS

It is found that there are five major attractions in Kuala Kubu Bharu and those are Millenium

Park, Orang Asli‟s Village, Mahseer Fish Sanctuary Sungai Chiling, Kuala Kubu Bharu Hot spring

and Selangor Dam.

These five major attractions had been identified through readings from secondary data,

observation and from the Internet where most websites related to tourism mention about these

attractions when promoting Kuala Kubu Bharu.

281

3.11.4.1.5 FINDING & ANALYSIS ON TOURISM ATTRACTION LOCATED INSIDE BOUNDARY

Map ain

282

Map ain

283

Map ain

284

Map ain

285

Map ain

286

Map ain

287

Map ain

288

MAP AIN

289

3.11.4.1.6 FINDING & ANALYSIS ON TOURISM ATTRACTION LOCATED OUTSIDE BOUNDARY

Map anis

290

Map anis

291

Map anis

292

Map anis

293

Map anis

294

Map anis

295

3.11.2 ACCOMMODATION

Existing accommodation in Kuala Kubu Bharu

Based on the observation, there are a few hotels at the Kuala Kubu Bharu which are located in the town

centre. The accommodations at Kuala Kubu Bharu are not fully occupied and there are less people stay

at the hotels. Other than that, there is one rest house found in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

HOTEL NAME NO OF

ROOMS

LOCATION SERVICE

LEVEL

OCCUPANCY RATE

PER MONTH ( % )

Weekdays Weekends

The Golden Goose

Guest House

6 air-conditioned

rooms

The Golden

Goose,

Jalan Dato‟

Balai, Kuala

Kubu Bahru,

44000

Selangor

Guest house 20 60

Hotel Sri Melati

21 air-

conditioned

rooms

Hotel Sri

Melati,

Jalan Mat

Kilau,

Kuala Kubu

Bharu,

44000

Selangor

Budget hotel 10 40

Hotel Wing Wah

7 air-conditioned

rooms

No.1, Jalan

Kamaruddin ,

Kuala Kubu Baru,

44000

Selangor Darul

Ehsan

Budget hotel 5 15

Hotel Hai Hin

6rooms 44, Jalan

Kamaruddin ,

Kuala Kubu Baru,

44000 Selangor

Darul Ehsan

Budget hotel 5 10

Kuala Kubu Bharu

Rest House

12 rooms

8

standard

rooms

3 deluxe

rooms

1 suite

Rumah Rehat

Kuala Kubu Bharu,

Jalan Padang Golf,

Kuala Kubu Bharu

Rest house 30 85

Average 14 42

Based on the table above, it shows the hotels and other accommodation in Kuala Kubu Bharu. There are

four budget hotels and one rest house in Kuala Kubu Bharu. The total rooms of all accommodations are

52 rooms. From the observation and study; the accommodation in Kuala Kubu Bharu is not fully

occupied. The total occupancy rate per month in weekdays is 14 and the total occupancy rate in

weekends is 42. For the rest house, the occupancy rates during weekends are higher but not for the other

hotels.

296

Hotel Sri Melati

Hotel Hai Hin

Hotel Wing Wah

Hotel Golden Goose

Kuala Kubu Rest

House

297

3.11.3 PROFILE AND TOURIST ARRIVAL IN KUALA KUBU BHARU

In this subtopic, it is about the profile and current arrival of tourist in Selangor state and Kuala Kubu

Bharu. The data for tourist arrival in Kuala Kubu Bharu has been gained through the distribution of

questionnaires that have been given around to 50 visitors in Kuala Kubu Bharu.The data for tourist

includes the origin of tourist, duration of visit and purpose of coming to Kuala Kubu Bharu.

TOURIST ARRIVAL IN SELANGOR IN YEAR 2001-2010

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Domestic

(Malaysi

an)

1,584,

034

1,948,

577

2,024,

989

1,794,

530

2,355,

613

2,781,

260

3,060,

651

3,075,

889

3,248,

961

3,245,

659

Foreign /

Internati

onal

1,150,

465

1,325,

228

1,708,

258

1,290,

680

1,603,

186

2,145,

647

2,254,

679

2,601,

332

2,398,

680

2,588,

199

TOTAL 2,734,

499

3,273,

805

3,733,

247

3,085,

210

3,958,

799

4,926,

907

5,315,

330

5,677,

221

5,647,

641

5,833,

858

%

Change

19.72

%

14.03

%

-

17.36

%

28.32

%

24.45

%

7.88% 6.81% -

0.51%

3.29%

Source:tourism Selangor

From the chart above, it shows that the total tourist arrival to Kuala Kubu Bharu from 2001 to 2010.

Based on the chart, the total number of domestic (Malaysian) tourist was increasing from year 2001 until

2003 and start to decreased in year 2004.However, from 2005 until 2010 the number of domestic tourist

was increasingly continuously. For the foreign/international tourist, it shows that the number was

increasing from year 2001 to 2003 and decreased in year 2004. But, in year 2005, it start increasing until

year 2010.

Survey of tourism sector and supporting facilities in Kuala Kubu Bharu

Source: Fieldwork, Planning Studio 3, 11/12

Based on the survey results, from the pie chart above, most of the tourist in Kuala Kubu Bharu is local

tourist that came from Hulu Selangor district which is 40%,20 out of 50 peoples. Followed by the tourist

that came from Klang Valley, 30% equal with 15 peoples visited Kuala Kubu Bharu for the adventurous

activity that is White Water Rafting at Sungai Selangor then they stop by at Kuala Kubu Bharu for meal

.International tourist is very less number which is 6%, 3 peoples visiting Kuala Kubu Bharu and the

rest,24%,12 peoples came from other state. From the survey also, found that the most peoples want to

travel to Bukit Fraser will come to KKB first to buy foods and other needs. So that, it shows that Kuala

Kubu Bharu functions as transit for the visitors.

0

500000

1000000

1500000

2000000

2500000

3000000

3500000

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

no

. oo

f to

uri

st

years

TOURIST ARRIVAL IN SELANGOR IN YEAR

2001-2010

DOMESTIC(MALAYSIANS)

FOREIGN/INTERNATIONAL

6%

30%

40%

24%

TOURIST ORIGIN

international

klang valley

hulu selangor resident

other state

298

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

no

of

resp

on

de

nts

aspects of supporting faacilities

RATING OF SUPPORTING FACILITIES ON TOURISM

excellent

good

satisfactory

poor

very poor

Fifty respondents in Kuala Kubu Bharu area have been asked for supporting facilities of tourism places

by the distribution of questionnaire. This is important as to find out the potential and the problem of the

tourism area. There are a few aspects in the questionnaire, such as accessibility, hygiene,

accommodation and etc.


With all the data gained through the survey, it can be concluded that most of the tourists who comes to

Kuala Kubu Bharu spend less than 24hours time being there. Besides that, through the survey, it has

been identified that most of them come to KKB by using own vehicles as the lacking of public transport

service in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Based on the survey result, most people satisfied with the supporting

facilities that have been provided at the area. . But, the provision of the supporting facilities still in low

level and can‟t give total maximum comfort to the tourists. For the accommodation quality aspect, it

shows that it is in low level. So, it should be upgraded to attract the tourist to come to Kuala Kubu

Bharu.

299

POTENTIAL OF TOURISM SECTOR IN

KUALA KUBU BHARU BASED ON SURVEY

Graph 13. : Potential of tourism sector in Kuala Kubu Bharu based on survey

0

5

10

15

20

25

Shopping Center Heritage Nature Food Recreation

No

. of

resp

on

de

nt

Potential

POTENTIAL OF TOURISM SECTOR IN KUALA KUBU BHARU

Highly Recommended

Recommended

Average

Less Recommended

Not Recommended

Based on the survey that has been done at Kuala Kubu Bharu, the

people over there were asked about their opinion on the potential of tourism

sector for Kuala Kubu Bharu in future. There are five (5) types of potential

that can be chosen that are shopping centers, heritage and culture, nature,

food and recreations.

Most visitors that had been interviewed during the surveys are local

people and only a few of foreigners. It is found that heritage and culture

has the highest rating and highly recommended to be the potential tourism

sector of Kuala Kubu Bharu. Nature also has been the second recommended

option as Kuala Kubu Bharu is surrounded by natural environment that can

leads to eco – tourism. Recreation and food have slightly the same demand

from the people while the least option is shopping centers. From the

interview, they said that shopping center is not needed because they wanted

to maintain the area to be peace and harmony without any congestion and

crowded place.


300

INVENTORY FOR TOURISM

PRODUCT

CATEGORY

PRODUCT

LEVEL OF PRODUCT

SERVICE

ACTIVITY

VISUAL QUALITY

ACCESIBILITY

SUPPORTING FACILITIES

/AMENITIES

ACCOMODATION

OCCUPANCY RATE

INTER-

NATIONAL

LOCAL 1 2 3 1 2 3

ECO – TOURISM Chilling Waterfall -fishing

-camping

-Water Sports

-Jungle

Tracking

-Road network/accessibility

-Infrastructure & utilities

Peak season

Selangor Dam -Flora/Fauna

Observing

-fishing

-picnicking


- Accommodation

- Infrastructure & utilities

Peak season

Kuala Kubu Hot

Spring

- Picnicking N/A Off – peak season

AGRO TOURISM Santuari Ikan Sg.

Chilling

-Picnicking

- Flora/Fauna

Observing



Peak season

Kg. Pertak dan Kg.

Gerachi Jaya

-Home stay -Road network/accessibility

- Accommodation

- Infrastructure & utilities

Off – peak season

HERITAGE &

CULTURE

Masjid Al- Hidayah -Worship place -Road network/accessibility


Off – peak season

-Balai Bomba

-Old commercial

buildings

-Police quarters

- Memorial

monuments

of Cecil Reade

- Cultural

- Education


Off – peak season

-Clock tower

-Appreciation tower

- Cultural

- Education


Off – peak season

301

Product Category:

a- Natural Environment

b- Manmade

c- Historical & Heritage

d- Lifestyle & Leisure

e- Agro-tourism

f- Eco Tourism

g-Others

Factors of Attraction:

a-Beach

b-Handcraft

c-Fishing Village

d-Seafood

e- River

f- Rainforest

g- Mangrove

h-Flora & Fauna

I –Eateries

j- Education

k- Business Complex

l- Museum

Level

a)Local

b)International

Activities :

1-Jungle Trekking

2-Flora/Fauna Observing

3-Rock Climbing

4-Camping

5-Fishing

6-Picnic

7-Water Sports

8-Extreme Sport

9- Cultural

10-Shopping

11-Homestay

12-Education

13-Seafood Centre

14-Worship place

Visual Quality :

1-Great

2-Satisfactory

3- Poor

Accessibility :

1-Great

2-Satisfactory

3- Poor

Supporting Facilities/Amenities

1-Road network/accessibility

2- Accommodation

3- Infrastructure & utilities

Accommodation Occupancy Rate

1- Peak season

2- Off – peak season

Based on the inventory survey that has been done at

Kuala Kubu Bharu, it is found that all the tourism attraction

has an average outcome where most of the rating is at two

(2). As for the categories of eco – tourism, there are three

(3) different places that have been surveyed. During Peak

season, Chilling Waterfall‟s level of product service is

catered more for international tourist. This is because;

Chilling Waterfall has a very magnificent waterfall with

serene view and makes it has the best visual quality. They

also offer many activities such as camping, fishing, water

sports and jungle tracking but with satisfactory accessibility.

Chilling Waterfall is provided with adequate facilities where

it has a prayer room, changing room and also toilets.

Besides that, Selangor dam has the same inventory

assessment except it is catered more for local tourist. In

addition, Kuala Kubu Bharu Hot spring has the worst

assessment where it has a very poor visual quality and

accessibility. The supporting facilities are also not provided

and the occupancy rate at this area is at off – peak season.

Secondly for the categories of agro – tourism, Kg

Pertak and Kg Gerachi Jaya is an aboriginal settlement after

their homes was demolished for the completion of Selangor

Dam. Here, they provide a homestay that always catered

for international tourist. This is because the settlement is

surrounded by nature that helps in attract the tourist to come

here.

Lastyly, the inventory survey was done on heritage and

culture site which the tourism attraction is mostly situated in the

town center of Kuala Kubu Bharu. Most of the tourism attractions

that is Masjid Al- Hidayah (which survided from the 1st flood in

1883), Balai Bomba, Old commercial buildings, Police quarters,

Memorial monuments of Cecil Reade, Clock tower

and Appreciation tower has the average rating on tourism

assessment area. It is catered for local tourist where it provides

information and history about the town itself. The activities are

mostly for worshipping, cultural and education. It has a poor visual

quality as well as accessibility. Luckily, the road network is in

good condition. All in all, tourism sector in Kuala Kubu Bharu has

an average rating which should be improved in future to developed

the town to be more lively and vibrant.

302

ISSUES AND POTENTIAL

Generally, issues and potentials have been discovered throughout the study and analysis of

tourism sector in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Survey forms also have been distributed to the tourist

regarding issues and problems that the tourist experienced in Kuala Kubu Bharu. The survey is

based on fifty (50) respondents in the area of Kuala Kubu Bharu. Therefore, the potential of the

issues and problems have been identified in order to do a recommendation or suggestion plan on

tourism sector on that area.

Graph 13. : Issues and Problems of tourism in Kuala Kubu Bharu

Tourism Promotion

It is found that 36% of the respondent state that tourism promotion is the main issue of the

tourism sector in Kuala Kubu Bharu. This is because there is less promotion on tourism sector

where there are no signboards as well as tourism information centre in that area. This will

give problem for a first timer tourist in Kuala Kubu Bharu. Therefore, the potential for these

issues is that a more comprehensive tourism promotion should be introduced at national level

in order to expand the existing tourism market. A tourism information center also should be

provided to promote the tourism attraction at that area. Furthermore, a promotion on tourism

can be done by offering varieties of tourism activities in a tourism package.

Accommodation

Based on the survey, it is informed that the tourist is not satisfied with the existing

accommodation in Kuala Kubu Bharu. This is because it only provides budget hotel and

rest house with unsatisfactory services. Therefore, at least 3-stars hotel with good services

is to be built in order to be parallel with market demand.

Public Facilities

At Kuala Kubu Bharu, the tourism area is lack of public facilities like prayer room, public

toilets and others. If there is provided, the public facilities and infrastructure is

unmaintained and it is bad condition. The imbalance provision of basic facilities and

infrastructure will result in the level of tourism services that are less than satisfactory

level. A well maintenance of public facilities and infrastructure is important to provide

comfort to the tourist while visiting their tourism destination.

Public transport

It is analysed that there are less public transport that is provided in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

The only public facilities provided is bus and train which did not enter into town centre as

well as the other area of tourism spot. This matter gives difficulty especially to the tourists

who travel by public transport to visit these areas. This aspect should be improved and

enhanced so that it facilitates travel for visitors and encourage them to visit the other

tourist areas and not concentrated in town centre only.

0 5 10 15 20

Accommodation

Public Transport

Public Facilities

Tourism Promotion

No. of respondent

Issu

es

& P

rob

lem

s

Issues and Problems of Tourism in Kuala Kubu Bharu

24%

18%

22%

36%

303

Table 1.3: The issues for the tourism sector in Kuala Kubu Bharu as it has been identified.

NO. ISSUE VERIFICATION ACTION

1. Less promotion on tourism sector as well as

tourism information centre in that area.

There is no tourism signboards that can show the place of

tourism attraction and no tourism information centre is provided

that gives difficulty to the tourist that came first time to the area.

A comprehensive tourism promotion should be introduced

at national level in order to expand the existing tourism

market. A tourism information centre also should be

provided to promote the tourism attraction at that area.

Furthermore, a promotion on tourism can be done by

offering varieties of tourism activities in a tourism package.

2. No provision of high class accommodation with

good services.

Kuala Kubu Bharu only provides budget hotel and rest house

with unsatisfactory services. It also only concentrated at the town

centre.

At least 3-stars hotel with good services is to be built in

order to be parallel with market demand.

3. At Kuala Kubu Bharu, the tourism area is lack of

public facilities especially for the tourist.

There are no basic public facilities like prayer room, public

toilets and others. If there is provided, the public facilities and

infrastructure is unmaintained and it is bad condition. The

imbalance provision of basic facilities and infrastructure will

result in the level of tourism services that are less than

satisfactory level.

A well maintenance and provision of public facilities and

infrastructure is important to provide comfort to the tourist

while visiting their tourism destination.

4. It is analysed that there are less public transport

that is provided in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

The only public facilities provided is bus and train which did not

enter into town centre as well as the other area of tourism spot.

This matter gives difficulty especially to the tourists who travel

by public transport to visit these areas.

This aspect should be improved and enhanced so that it

facilitates travel for visitors and encourage them to visit the

other tourist areas and not concentrated in town centre only.

5. The identity of tourism in Kuala Kubu Bharu is

less clear because of the absence of

a prominent niche product.

There are no significance monument of Kuala Kubu Bharu that

can attract the tourist to feel eager to come there.

Create an element or products that can be made attractions

and tourism identity to Kuala Kubu Bharu.

304

SWOT ANALYSIS

STRENGTH WEAKNESS OPPORTUNITY THREAT

Kuala Kubu Bharu is surrounded

by natural environments. Therefore

the tourism sectors mostly offered

the category of eco-tourism. It is

the strength for Kuala Kubu Bharu

because it can be exploited to be a

recreational place.

Kuala Kubu Bharu also does not

only focus on eco-tourism, it also

provides agro – tourism which

helps in balancing the ecosystem.

Kuala Kubu Bharu has many

historical elements at town centre.

It attracts the tourist for them to

get to know the significance of the

town.

Kuala Kubu Bharu is lack of

promotion for tourism sector. There

are no signboards to get to the

tourism destination. This will give

problem for the tourist that came first

time to Kuala Kubu Bharu.

The potential tourism place does not

provide adequate public facilities for

tourist.

The accommodations provided at

Kuala Kubu Bharu are only budget

hotels and Rest House. This

accommodation does not give

satisfaction to the tourist as they need

a more comfortable place to stay.

Tourism package should be

introduced to promote the tourism

attraction in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Provision of recreational and public

facilities will be able to attract more

visitors to the tourism place.

Kuala Kubu Bharu still has many

natural sources that have not been

exploited. Therefore, these sources

can be promoted to be a potential

tourism spot as well as generating the

economy in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

Buildings that have historical value

should be preserved and provide

maintenance to make it sustainable.

Development in the area that is near

the river should be controlled in order

to not interfere with ecosystem.

PRELIMINARY RECOMMENDATIONS

i. Enhancement of the existing tourism products

To introduce visitors to the tourism products

available around the Kuala Kubu Bharu, a program

of Tour Packages must be introduced. The travel

package that has been introduced is seen as a

potential to introduce new tourism products and the

one that are identified in the area of Kuala Kubu

Bharu. It also helps in contributing to economic

growth of Kuala Kubu Bharu. A special website to

promote tourism products and packages at Kuala

Kubu Bharu should also be created for the

convenience of visitors.

ii. Improve the accommodation and basic amenities for

tourist

The planning and management of tourism products

available and potential need to be developed in a

systematic and orderly manner to ensure that they have

high competitiveness and can become tourist attractions in

the future. Tourism management also should improve the

provision of basic amenities and tourism infrastructure.

Also, by providing 3- star hotels can give comfort to the

tourist. The hotel should provide adequate facilities and

good service that can make the tourist satisfied.

Promotion and efficient tourism program

Tourism promotion that is more comprehensive and

effective in national and international level should

be made to expand the existing tourism market.

Different approach in this campaign is done by

giving more emphasis and focus on the target group.

In addition, the emphasis on international

promotion should be made to encourage them to

come and travel at Kuala Kubu Bharu. This needs to

be made because they are the main tourist goals to

increase foreign exchange in addition to introduce

tourist products in Kuala Kubu Bharu at the

international level. One of the examples is Heritage

Tour promotion in Kuala Kubu Bharu.

305

Map heritage tour

306

4.0 CONCLUSION

In general, from the spatial aspects it indicates that Kuala Kubu Bharu has many potential

areas to be developed to promote the study area so that they achieve regional balance compared to the

surrounding area. The town of Kuala Kubu Bharu itself should be conserved as it is the first

implementation of Garden City in Malaysia and it was a starting point of Town and Country Planning in

Malaysia. For the aspects of transportation, it requires a comprehensive public transport system and good

circulation system for accessibility for the study area as it is at a level that can help catalyze the

development of the study area. From the social aspect of the study area, it showed that the area is at a

moderate level, where the number of local residents who have a better level of education is decreasing,

where migration is more than the incoming migration. This is because; there are no job opportunities that

are appropriate that parallel to the academic level of the population.

From the economic aspect, it is clear that the economic level of the Malay population of

the study area is moderate and it is still monopolized by the non-Malays. As for the business aspects, the

Malay population is more concentrated in the informal business where they do business more informally,

such as hawker. In terms of tourism, the categories of eco-tourism and agro-tourism are highly

concentrated outside the study area. While Heritage and Culture tourism is focused at town center of

Kuala Kubu Bharu. The tourism aspect should be enhanced in order to attract more tourists to come to

Kuala Kubu Bharu and therefore it can generate the economy over there.

Besides that, in order to live up the vibrancy of the town, a suitable and good landscape should be

implemented in order to create an image and identity of Kuala Kubu Bharu. In addition, the idea of

improving the existing commercial area will help to generate the activity of residents in Kuala Kubu

Bharu.

By identifying the potential and the problems resulting from the analysis made, appropriate

recommendations should be made in achieving mission and objectives that have been proposed

during earlier studies. Comprehensive and thorough proposal must be submitted in realizing the goal

of study

As a conclusion, an appropriate suggestion and recommendation need to be proposed

systematically in order to achieve town‟s success. In this study area, urban design plays important role in

sustaining the town‟s growth. However, the district of sunflower is not just relying to urban design sector

only, but, they collaborate the urban design sector with other sector such as land use, commercial,

housing, traffic and transportation, environment, tourism, landscape and socioeconomic to ensure the

goal and objective of the case study is achieved successfully.

307

5.0 GANTT CHART

NO ACTIVITIES OCTOBER NOVEMBER

14th

20th

21th

27th

28th

31st

1st

4th

5th

14th

1 TECHNICAL REPORT

Field visit to Kuala Kubu Bharu 14th-

17th

1st meeting: compilation of data collection by

each sector (maps and pictures) 18

th

2nd meeting: paste the data collection on paper

and discussion 20

th

Consultation with lecturers and proceed with

works by sector

21st

Proceed with work by sector 22nd

3rd meeting: discussion on progress of work 23rd

Proceed with works by sector 24th

4th meeting: discussion on preliminary issue of

each sectors 26

th

Consultation with lecturers 28th

Proceed with works by sector 30th

5th meeting: progression on report 31st

6th meeting: discussion with group members 1st

Consultation with lecturer 4th

Mid sem break 5th

-13th

Presentation and submission of technical report 14th

308

SITI SARAH BINTI SUKRI @ BADRI

(LAND USE SECTOR)

MOHAMAD ZUHAIRI BIN CHE

DIN

(ENVIRONMENT SECTOR)

LAND USE

PROJECT LEADER ASSISTANT PROJECT

LEADER

INFRASTRUCTURE

PUBLIC FACILITIES

MOHD IZUL FIKRI BIN

ADUMI

NUR ATIQAH BT

ABDULLAH(TREASURER)

NUR HAMIZAH BT MOHAMAD

SHAFAR (SUB EDITOR)

URBAN DESIGN AND

CONSERVATION

NUR SHUHADAH BINTI

MOHD

NUR SYAHIRA BINTI

ZULKEFLY (LANGUAGE

EDITOR)

SOCIOECONOMY

MUHAMMAD ROZIF

BIN ROSLAN

AHMAD NIZAR BIN

OTHMAN GUMANTI

(SUB-EDITOR)

ENVIRONMENT

MOHAMED DHIAUDDIN BIN

SAMSUDIN(LANGUAGE

EDITOR)

TRAFFIC AND

TRANSPORTATION

SHAHRUL HAFIZ BIN

AYUB

AHMAD FUAD HILMI

BIN ALWI

MOHAMAD AZUAN

BIN CHE ABDULLAH

SYED ALI AKBAR BIN

SYED MOHAMED

TOURISM

NURUL AIN BT

MOHAMAD SHARIL(SECRETARY)

ANIS ZULAIKHA BT

AHMAD KAMAL

LANDSCAPE

MOHAMAD ASYRAF BIN

YUSOF (MAIN EDITOR)

HOUSING

AMIR AMZAR BIN

ABDUL RAHMAN

MUHAMMAD

FADHLULLAH BIN

NAJIMUDIN (MAP EDITOR) COMMERCIAL

NUR NADHIRAH BINTI

ARIFIN (SLIDE EDITOR

HELIANTHUS CONSULTANT