gnipst bulletin 24.4
TRANSCRIPT
-
7/30/2019 Gnipst Bulletin 24.4
1/21
1118-1177-4796-9849-7562-5062mail
GNIPST BULLETIN 2013
26th April 2013 Volume No.: 24 Issue No.: 04
ContentsMessage from GNIPS
Letter to the EditorNews Update
Disease Outbreak Ne
Health Awareness
Forth Coming Events
Drugs Update
Campus News
Students Section
Editors Note
Archive
Vision
TO GROW AS A CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE IN THE FIELD O
PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE
EDITOR: Debabrata Ghosh DastidarGURU NANAK INSTITUTE OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCE ANDTECHNOLOGY
GNIPST Photo Gallery
For your comments/contributionOR
For Back-Issues,
mailto:[email protected]
1
https://picasaweb.google.com/111714720327580099858/SeminarPresentationmailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]://picasaweb.google.com/111714720327580099858/SeminarPresentation -
7/30/2019 Gnipst Bulletin 24.4
2/21
26-04-2013
MESSAGE FROM GNIPSTAll the members of GNIPST are proud to publish the 23rdVolume of
GNIPST BULLETIN. This bulletin has successfully completed its
twenty months journey. We hope it has kept the readers updated of
recent activities in pharmaceutical & biological sciences and also
introduced them with the different activities of our esteemed
institution. We are thankful to all of you for your great cooperation
& support and are looking forward to the same in future.
LETTER TO THE EDITOR.
NEWS UPDATE
WORLD MALARIA DAY: 25 April, 2013The global campaign theme for World Malaria Day, 2013 and the
coming years is Invest in the future . Defeat malaria. World MalariaDay was instituted by WHO Member States during the 2007
World Health Assembly. It is an occasion to highlight the need for
continued investment and sustained political commitment for
malaria prevention and control. It is also an opportunity for new
donors to join the global malaria partnership, and for research and
academic institutions to showcase their scientific work.Read more
Click here to go at the top1
http://www.who.int/campaigns/malaria-day/2013/event/en/index.htmlhttp://www.who.int/campaigns/malaria-day/2013/event/en/index.htmlhttp://www.who.int/campaigns/malaria-day/2013/event/en/index.htmlhttp://www.who.int/campaigns/malaria-day/2013/event/en/index.html -
7/30/2019 Gnipst Bulletin 24.4
3/21
26-04-2013
Nanosponges Soak Up Toxins Released by
Bacterial Infections and Venom (14 APRIL 2013)
Engineers have invented a "nanosponge" capable of safely removinga broad class of dangerous toxins from the bloodstream -- including
toxins produced by MRSA, E. coli, poisonous snakes and bees.Readmore
Gene Signature Can Predict Who Will Survive
Chemotherapy (16 APRIL 2013)
An eight gene signature can predict length of relapse-free survival
after chemotherapy, finds new research.Read more
Drinking Cup of Beetroot Juice Daily May Help
Lower Blood Pressure(18APRIL 2013
)A cup of beetroot juice a day may help reduce your blood pressure,
according to a small study.Read moreKey Bone Marrow Protein Identified as Potential
New Leukemia Treatment Target (18 APRIL 2013)
A new study on how the progression of acute lymphocytic leukemia
is influenced by the bone marrow environment has demonstrated
for the first time that targeting a specialized protein known as
Click here to go at the top2
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130414193435.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130414193435.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130414193435.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130415204819.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130415204819.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130415172230.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130415172230.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130415172230.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130415204819.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130414193435.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130414193435.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29 -
7/30/2019 Gnipst Bulletin 24.4
4/21
26-04-2013
osteopontin may be an effective strategy to increase the efficacy of
chemotherapy in patients with this type of blood cancer.Read moreHigh-Salt Diet and Ulcer Bug Combine to
Increase Risk of Cancer(18 APRIL 2013)
Numerous epidemiologic studies have shown that a diet high in salt
is associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer. Now
researchers have shown that high dietary salt combined with
infection by the ulcer-causing bacterium Helicobacter pylori
greatly increases the risk of cancer.Read moreNanoparticles Found in Everyday Items Can
Inhibit Fat Storage: Gold Nanoparticles
Accelerate Aging. (18 APRIL 2013)
An increase in gold nanoparticles can accelerate aging and
wrinkling, slow wound healing and cause the onset of diabetes.
Read moreBig Boost in Drug Discovery: New Use for Stem
Cells Identifies a Promising Way to Target ALS
(18 APRIL 2013)
Using a new stem-cell based drug screening technology with the
potential to reinvent and greatly reduce the cost of the way new
pharmaceuticals are developed, researchers have found a compound
Click here to go at the top3
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130415124809.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130415124809.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130415124809.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130418162314.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130418162314.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130418162314.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130418162138.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130418162138.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130418162314.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130415124809.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29 -
7/30/2019 Gnipst Bulletin 24.4
5/21
26-04-2013
more effective in protecting the neurons killed in amyotrophic
lateral sclerosis -- Lou Gehrig's disease -- than two drugs that failed
in human clinical trials after hundreds of millions of dollars had
been invested in them.Read more Low-Dose Aspirin Stymies Proliferation of Two
Breast Cancer Lines (21 APRIL 2013)
Regular use of low-dose aspirin may prevent the progression of
breast cancer, according to a new study.Read moreMicrowave Imaging Can See How Well Treatment
Is Progressing(24 APRIL 2013)
Microwave imaging can be used to monitor how well treatment for
breast cancer is working, finds new research. Microwave
tomography was able to distinguish between breast cancer, benigngrowths, and normal tissue.Read more
Virus Kills Melanoma in Animal Model, Spares
Normal Cells. (24 MARCH 2013)
Researchers have demonstrated that vesicular stomatitis virus is
highly competent at finding, infecting, and killing human melanomacells, both in vitro and in animal models, while having little
propensity to infect non-cancerous cells.Read more.
Click here to go at the top4
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130418124901.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130418124901.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130421151610.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130421151610.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130423211830.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130423211830.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130423135710.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130423135710.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130423135710.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130423211830.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130421151610.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/04/130418124901.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily%2Fhealth_medicine+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Health+%26+Medicine+News%29 -
7/30/2019 Gnipst Bulletin 24.4
6/21
26-04-2013
HEALTH AWARENESS
MALARIA
According to the latest estimates, there were about 219 million cases of
malaria in 2010 (with an uncertainty range
of 154 million to 289 million) and an
estimated 660 000 deaths (with an
uncertainty range of 490 000 to 836 000).
Malaria mortality rates have fallen by more
than 25% globally since 2000, and by 33% inthe WHO African Region. Most deaths occur among children living in
Africa where a child dies every minute from malaria. Country-level burden
estimates available for 2010 show that an estimated 80% of malaria deaths
occur in just 14 countries and about 80% of cases occur in 17 countries.
Together, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Nigeria account for
over 40% of the estimated total of malaria deaths globally.
Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites. The parasites are spread to
people through the bites of infected Anopheles mosquitoes, called "malaria
vectors", which bite mainly between dusk and dawn.
There are four parasite species that cause malaria in humans:
Plasmodium falciparum
Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium malariae
Plasmodium ovale.
Click here to go at the top5
-
7/30/2019 Gnipst Bulletin 24.4
7/21
26-04-2013
Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax are the most common.
Plasmodium falciparum is the most deadly.
In recent years, some human cases of malaria have also occurred with
Plasmodium knowlesi a species that causes malaria among monkeys and
occurs in certain forested areas of South-East Asia.
Transmission
Malaria is transmitted exclusively through the bites of Anopheles
mosquitoes. The intensity of transmission depends on factors related to the
parasite, the vector, the human host, and the environment.
About 20 different Anopheles species are locally important around the
world. All of the important vector species bite at night. Anopheles
mosquitoes breed in water and each species has its own breeding
preference; for example some prefer shallow collections of fresh water, such
as puddles, rice fields, and hoof prints. Transmission is more intense in
places where the mosquito lifespan is longer (so that the parasite has time
to complete its development inside the mosquito) and where it prefers to
bite humans rather than other animals. For example, the long lifespan and
strong human-biting habit of the African vector species is the main reason
why more than 90% of the world's malaria deaths are in Africa.
Transmission also depends on climatic conditions that may affect the
number and survival of mosquitoes, such as rainfall patterns, temperature
and humidity. In many places, transmission is seasonal, with the peak
Click here to go at the top6
-
7/30/2019 Gnipst Bulletin 24.4
8/21
26-04-2013
during and just after the rainy season. Malaria epidemics can occur when
climate and other conditions suddenly favour transmission in areas where
people have little or no immunity to malaria. They can also occur when
people with low immunity move into areas with intense malariatransmission, for instance to find work, or as refugees.
Human immunity is another important factor, especially among adults in
areas of moderate or intense transmission conditions. Partial immunity is
developed over years of exposure, and while it never provides complete
protection, it does reduce the risk that malaria infection will cause severe
disease. For this reason, most malaria deaths in Africa occur in young
children, whereas in areas with less transmission and low immunity, all age
groups are at risk.
Symptoms
Malaria is an acute febrile illness. In a non-immune individual, symptoms
appear seven days or more (usually 1015 days) after the infective mosquito
bite. The first symptoms fever, headache, chills and vomiting may be
mild and difficult to recognize as malaria. If not treated within 24 hours, P.
falciparum malaria can progress to severe illness often leading to death.
Children with severe malaria frequently develop one or more of the
following symptoms: severe anaemia, respiratory distress in relation to
metabolic acidosis, or cerebral malaria. In adults, multi-organ involvementis also frequent. In malaria endemic areas, persons may develop partial
immunity, allowing asymptomatic infections to occur.
Click here to go at the top7
-
7/30/2019 Gnipst Bulletin 24.4
9/21
26-04-2013
For both P. vivax and P. ovale, clinical relapses may occur weeks to months
after the first infection, even if the patient has left the malarious area. These
new episodes arise from dormant liver forms known as hypnozoites (absent
in P. falciparum and P. malariae); special treatment targeted at these liverstages is required for a complete cure.
Who is at risk?
Approximately half of the world's population is at risk of malaria. Most
malaria cases and deaths occur in sub-Saharan Africa. However, Asia, Latin
America, and to a lesser extent the Middle East and parts of Europe are also
affected. In 2011, 99 countries and territories had ongoing malaria
transmission.
Specific population risk groups include:
young children in stable transmission areas who have not yet
developed protective immunity against the most severe forms of the
disease;
non-immune pregnant women as malaria causes high rates of
miscarriage and can lead to maternal death;
semi-immune pregnant women in areas of high transmission. Malaria
can result in miscarriage and low birth weight, especially during first
and second pregnancies;
semi-immune HIV-infected pregnant women in stable transmission
areas, during all pregnancies. Women with malaria infection of the
placenta also have a higher risk of passing HIV infection to their
newborns;
Click here to go at the top8
-
7/30/2019 Gnipst Bulletin 24.4
10/21
26-04-2013
people with HIV/AIDS;
international travellers from non-endemic areas because they lack
immunity;
immigrants from endemic areas and their children living in non-
endemic areas and returning to their home countries to visit friends
and relatives are similarly at risk because of waning or absent
immunity.
Diagnosis and treatment
Early diagnosis and treatment of malaria reduces disease and prevents
deaths. It also contributes to reducing malaria transmission.
The best available treatment, particularly for P. falciparum malaria, is
artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT).
WHO recommends that all cases of suspected malaria be confirmed using
parasite-based diagnostic testing (either microscopy or rapid diagnostic
test) before administering treatment. Results of parasitological
confirmation can be available in 15 minutes or less. Treatment solely on the
basis of symptoms should only be considered when a parasitological
diagnosis is not possible. More detailed recommendations are available in
the Guidelines for the treatment of malaria (second edition).
Antimalarial drug resistance
Resistance to antimalarial medicines is a recurring problem. Resistance of
P. falciparum to previous generations of medicines, such as chloroquine and
Click here to go at the top9
-
7/30/2019 Gnipst Bulletin 24.4
11/21
26-04-2013
sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), became widespread in the 1970s and
1980s, undermining malaria control efforts and reversing gains in child
survival.
In recent years, parasite resistance to artemisinins has been detected in four
countries of the Greater Mekong subregion: Cambodia, Myanmar, Thailand
and Viet Nam. While there are likely many factors that contribute to the
emergence and spread of resistance, the use of oral artemisinins alone, as
monotherapy, is thought to be an important driver. When treated with an
oral artemisinin-based monotherapy, patients may discontinue treatment
prematurely following the rapid disappearance of malaria symptoms. This
results in incomplete treatment, and such patients still have persistent
parasites in their blood. Without a second drug given as part of a
combination (as is provided with an ACT), these resistant parasites survive
and can be passed on to a mosquito and then another person.
If resistance to artemisinins develops and spreads to other large
geographical areas, the public health consequences could be dire, as no
alternative antimalarial medicines will be available for at least five years.
WHO recommends the routine monitoring of antimalarial drug resistance,
and supports countries to strengthen their efforts in this important area of
work.
More comprehensive recommendations are available in the WHO Global
Plan for Artemisinin Resistance Containment (GPARC), which was
released in 2011.
Click here to go at the top10
-
7/30/2019 Gnipst Bulletin 24.4
12/21
26-04-2013
Prevention
Vector control is the main way to reduce malaria transmission at the
community level. It is the only intervention that can reduce malaria
transmission from very high levels to close to zero.
For individuals, personal protection against mosquito bites represents the
first line of defence for malaria prevention.
Two forms of vector control are effective in a wide range of circumstances.Insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs)
Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are the preferred form of ITNs for
public health distribution programmes. WHO recommends coverage for all
at-risk persons; and in most settings. The most cost effective way to achieve
this is through provision of free LLINs, so that everyone sleeps under a LLIN
every night.
Indoor spraying with residual insecticides
Indoor residual spraying (IRS) with insecticides is a powerful way to
rapidly reduce malaria transmission. Its full potential is realized when at
least 80% of houses in targeted areas are sprayed. Indoor spraying is
effective for 36 months, depending on the insecticide used and the type ofsurface on which it is sprayed. DDT can be effective for 912 months in some
cases. Longer-lasting forms of existing IRS insecticides, as well as new
classes of insecticides for use in IRS programmes, are under development.
Click here to go at the top11
-
7/30/2019 Gnipst Bulletin 24.4
13/21
26-04-2013
Antimalarial medicines can also be used to prevent malaria. For travellers,
malaria can be prevented through chemoprophylaxis, which suppresses the
blood stage of malaria infections, thereby preventing malaria disease. In
addition, WHO recommends intermittent preventive treatment withsulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for pregnant women living in high
transmission areas, at each scheduled antenatal visit after the first
trimester. Similarly, for infants living in high-transmission areas of Africa, 3
doses of intermittent preventive treatment with sulfadoxine-
pyrimethamine is recommended delivered alongside routine vaccinations.
In 2012, WHO recommended Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention as an
additional malaria prevention strategy for areas of the Sahel sub-Region of
Africa. The strategy involves the administration of monthly courses of
amodiaquine plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine to all children under 5 years
of age during the high transmission season.
Insecticide resistance
Much of the success to date in controlling malaria is due to vector control.
Vector control is highly dependent on the use of pyrethroids, which are the
only class of insecticides currently recommended for ITNs or LLINs. In
recent years, mosquito resistance to pyrethroids has emerged in many
countries. In some areas, resistance to all four classes of insecticides used
for public health has been detected. Fortunately, this resistance has only
rarely been associated with decreased efficacy, and LLINs and IRS remainhighly effective tools in almost all settings.
However, countries in sub-Saharan Africa and India are of significant
concern. These countries are characterized by high levels of malaria
Click here to go at the top12
-
7/30/2019 Gnipst Bulletin 24.4
14/21
26-04-2013
transmission and widespread reports of insecticide resistance. The
development of new, alternative insecticides is a high priority and several
promising products are in the pipeline.. Development of new insecticides
for use on bed nets is a particular priority.
Detection of insecticide resistance should be an essential component of all
national malaria control efforts to ensure that the most effective vector
control methods are being used. The choice of insecticide for IRS should
always be informed by recent, local data on the susceptibility target vectors.
In order to ensure a timely and coordinated global response to the threat of
insecticide resistance, WHO has worked with a wide range of stakeholders
to develop the Global Plan for Insecticide Resistance Management in
malaria vectors (GPIRM), which was released in May 2012. The GPIRM
puts forward a five-pillar strategy calling on the global malaria community
to:
plan and implement insecticide resistance management strategies in
malaria-endemic countries;
ensure proper and timely entomological and resistance monitoring,
and effective data management;
develop new and innovative vector control tools;
fill gaps in knowledge on mechanisms of insecticide resistance and the
impact of current insecticide resistance management approaches; and
ensure that enabling mechanisms (advocacy as well as human and
financial resources) are in place.
Click here to go at the top13
-
7/30/2019 Gnipst Bulletin 24.4
15/21
26-04-2013
Surveillance
Tracking progress is a major challenge in malaria control. Malaria
surveillance systems detect only around 10% of the estimated global
number of cases. Stronger malaria surveillance systems are urgently needed
to enable a timely and effective malaria response in endemic regions, to
prevent outbreaks and resurgences, to track progress, and to hold
governments and the global malaria community accountable. In April 2012,
the WHO Director-General launched new global surveillance manuals for
malaria control and elimination, and urged endemic countries to strengthentheir surveillance systems for malaria. This was embeddedpart of in a larger
call to scale up diagnostic testing, treatment and surveillance for malaria,
known as WHOs T3: Test. Treat. Track initiative.
Elimination
Malaria elimination is defined as interrupting local mosquito-borne malaria
transmission in a defined geographical area, i.e. zero incidence of locally
contracted cases. Malaria eradication is defined as the permanent reduction
to zero of the worldwide incidence of malaria infection caused by a specific
agent; i.e. applies to a particular malaria parasite species.
Many countries especially in temperate and sub-tropical zones have
been successful in eliminating malaria. The global malaria eradicationcampaign, launched by WHO in 1955, was successful in eliminating the
disease in some countries, but ultimately failed to achieve its overall goal,
thus being abandoned less than two decades later in favour of the less
Click here to go at the top14
-
7/30/2019 Gnipst Bulletin 24.4
16/21
26-04-2013
ambitious goal of malaria control. In recent years, however, interest in
malaria eradication as a long-term goal has re-emerged.
Large-scale use of WHO-recommended strategies, currently available tools,strong national commitments, and coordinated efforts with partners, will
enable more countries particularly those where malaria transmission is
low and unstable to progress towards malaria elimination. In recent years,
4 countries have been certified by the WHO Director-General as having
eliminated malaria: United Arab Emirates (2007), Morocco (2010),
Turkmenistan (2010), and Armenia (2011).
Vaccines against malaria
There are currently no licensed vaccines against malaria or any other human
parasite. One research vaccine against P. falciparum, known as RTS,S/AS01,
is most advanced. This vaccine is currently being evaluated in a large
clinical trial in 7 countries in Africa. A WHO recommendation for use will
depend on the final results from the large clinical trial. These final results
are expected in late 2014, and a recommendation as to whether or not this
vaccine should be added to existing malaria control tools is expected in
2015
DISEASE OUTBREAK NEWS
FORTHCOMING EVENTS
Click here to go at the top15
-
7/30/2019 Gnipst Bulletin 24.4
17/21
26-04-2013
DRUGS UPDATES
FDA launches partnership to protect against
counterfeit anti-malarial medicines with FDA-
developed handheld detection tool
(24 APRIL 2013)
The U.S. FDA announced a public-private partnership to help
identify counterfeit or substandard anti-malarial medicines,
including falsified products, with the deployment of the FDA-
developed Counterfeit Detection Device, called CD-3.Read more FDA approves abuse-deterrent labeling for
reformulated OxyContin. (16 APRIL 2013)
approved updated labeling for Purdue Pharma L.P.s reformulated
OxyContin (oxycodone hydrochloride controlled-release) tablets.
The new labeling indicates that the product has physical and
chemical properties that are expected to make abuse via injection
difficult and to reduce abuse via the intranasal route (snorting).
Read more.
Click here to go at the top16
http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm349195.htmhttp://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm349195.htmhttp://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm348252.htmhttp://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm348252.htmhttp://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm348252.htmhttp://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Newsroom/PressAnnouncements/ucm349195.htm -
7/30/2019 Gnipst Bulletin 24.4
18/21
26-04-2013
CAMPUS NEWS
The farewell ceremony for the final year students will be organized
in the first week of May, 2013.
STUDENTS SECTION
WHO CAN ANSWER FIRST???() Name of which fruit in English was derived
from Arabic Naranj ?
() According to Chinese legend, what did empressShiling Ti discovered in her tea cup while
sitting under a tree?Answer of Previous Issue Question:
A) Strychnine B)Lupin Ltd. Send your thoughts/ Quiz/Puzzles/games/write-ups or any other contributions for Students Section
& answers of this Section at [email protected]
Click here to go at the top17
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected] -
7/30/2019 Gnipst Bulletin 24.4
19/21
26-04-2013
EDITORS NOTE
I am very happy to publish the 4th issue of 24th Volume of GNIPST
BULLETIN. It is my great pleasure to introduce you to the newlylaunched facebook account GNIPST bulletin. You are cordially
invited to add this account to your friend list. The current issues will
also be directly available on facebook.
I would like to convey my thanks to all the GNIPST members and
the readers for their valuable comments, encouragement& supports.
Special thanks to Dr. Prerona Saha for her advice; Mr. Soumya
Bhattacharya, for his contribution instudents section.
It would be my great pleasure to receive the contributions,
suggestions & feedback from your desk for further upliftment of this
deliberation GNIPST BULLETIN.
Click here to go at the top18
-
7/30/2019 Gnipst Bulletin 24.4
20/21
26-04-2013
ARCHIVE
The general body meeting of APTI, Bengal Branch has been
conducted at GNIPST on 15th June, 2012. The programme started
with a nice presentation by Dr. Pulok Kr. Mukherjee, School of
Natural Products, JU on the skill to write a good manuscript for
publication in impact journals. It was followed by nearly two hour
long discussion among more than thirty participants on different
aspects of pharmacy education. Five nonmember participants
applied for membership on that very day.
GNIPST is now approved by AICTE and affiliated to WBUT forconducting the two years post graduate course (M.Pharm) in
PHARMACOLOGY. The approved number of seat is 18.
The number of seats in B.Pharm. has been increased from 60 to 120.
2nd World Congress on Ga-68 (Generators and Novel Radiopharmaceuticals),
Molecular Imaging (PET/CT), Targeted Radionuclide Therapy, and Dosimetry
(SWC-2013) : On the Way to Personalized Medicine
Dates 28 Feb 2013 02 Mar 2013
Click here to go at the top19
-
7/30/2019 Gnipst Bulletin 24.4
21/21
26-04-2013
Location: Chandigarh, India.Details.
AICTE has sanctioned a release of grant under Research
Promotion Scheme (RPS) during the financial year 2012-13to GNIPST as per the details below:
a. Beneficiary Institution: Guru Nanak Institution of
Pharmaceutical Science & Technology.
b. Principal Investigator: Dr. LopamudraDutta.
c. Grant-in-aid sanctioned:Rs. 16,25000/- only
d. Approved duration: 3 years
e.Title of the project: Screening and identification of potential
medicinal plant ofPurulia&Bankuradistricts of West Bengal with
respect to diseases such as diabetes, rheumatism, Jaundice,
hypertension and developing biotechnological tools for enhancing
bioactive molecules in these plant.
http://www.2ndworldcongress-ga-68.de/http://www.2ndworldcongress-ga-68.de/http://www.2ndworldcongress-ga-68.de/http://www.2ndworldcongress-ga-68.de/