mr bab iii
TRANSCRIPT
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CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY RESEARCH
3.1 The Research Schedule
The location of the research is the English Department of Faculty of Teacher
Training and Education, Al-Muslim University. It is located in Matang Glumpang
Dua Bireuen. The schedule of research will follow the schedule that prepare by the
writer about May or June after the writer get a letter of recommendation in campus.
3.2 The Population and Sample
The population of this research is the completely fourth semester student of
English Department in Al-Muslim University. As the sample of this research the
writer, randomly take one class to make easier for the writer to collect the data by
questionnaire, observation and interview.
3.3 Method of Research
In order to write this thesis, the writer has conducted two types of research.
They are library research and field research.
1. Library research
Library is a research conducted specifically concerned with library activities.
This research in aimed to support the support the field research. In thus case, several
book or other materials such as journals, magazines, newspaper, and dictionary
related to the problems in this thesis were use as references. By doing so, theories
that will widen the writer’s horizon in formulation of this study framework.
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2. Field research
The field research is use to fine the data and information of the students
concerning the speaking English at Al-Muslim University. In this case, three
teahouses were selected, namely observation, questionnaire and interview.
a. Observation
The purpose of observation is to find the data, directly by looking, examining
and observing the real situation at the campus. In this case, the writer
observed the presentation of English by the student. If should that only a few
student really interested in speaking English subject.
b. Questionnaire
Questionnaire constructed to get data from the sample students. By using the
questionnaire, the writer gives question paper to sample students to get
information about the real problem they are facing in learning English
especially speaking. In this case, the questionnaire used is closed and opened
questionnaire. Open and closed question and those in which alternative of
answer are given or put another alternative freely. Here, the writer provides
the alternatives answer that will be chosen by sample students only lake one
of available alternative, yet if they cannot find their own answer, it will be
easy for them to fill out with another alternative in opened questionnaire
form.
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c. Interview
Interview is one of direct communication to find the data and information. To
find the data the writers interview the students of English Department in Al-
Muslim University.
3.4 Research Design
In this research, the writer uses the qualitative research. The terms of
qualitative research have been use on location without definition. This type of
research is somewhat difficult to define, especially practice that covers a variety of
studies. We can take definition approach as provided by Krathwahl (1993: 740),
qualitative research that describes phenomena in word instead of number or measure.
Qualitative research is a field of inquiry that crosscut disciplines and subject
matter. Qualitative research aim to gather an in-depth understanding of human
behavior, social phenomena and the reasons that govern such behavior. Qualitative
research has its origins in descriptive analysis and is essentially in inductive process,
reasoning from the specific situation to a general confliction. It is context specific
with the researchers rule being one of conclusion in this situation. As Smith (1987)
indicates, qualitative research based in the notion of context sensitivity, the belief
that particular physical and social environment has a great bearing on human
behavior. Qualitative researchers emphasize a holistic interpretation. They perceive
fact and value as inextricably mixed.
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3.5 The Procedure of Collecting Data
The writer collecting the needed data by some different ways, firstly,
observation while the lecture is teaching the students. Researcher observes the
samples student’s phenomena or individual behaviors are occurring in the classroom.
No. CLASSROOM BEHAVIOR
1. Students practice the speaking
2. Students active the class
3. Students passive in the class
4. Students go out side while learning
Secondly, questionnaire: here, the writer will give questionnaire consisting of
25 (twenty-five) questions to see the real problems they are facing in learning
English especially in speaking English. Thirdly, the writer will take the data form
interview. In this case, the writers ask the students especially to obtain the
information about how the way that they do to be improve they speaking. In this
interview, the writer also observes the student’s confidence when they answer the
question orally.
3.6 Data Analysis
The analysis of data obtained from the distribution of the questionnaire can
be explains as follow to get information about the real problems they are facing in
speaking English.
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For this purpose, the data obtained from the distribution of the questionnaire
to the students. The writer uses simple statistic with cumulative frequency
distribution method to count percentage from all alternative answer each question.
The percentage used to show the difference percentage among the item so that the
writer can analyze the differences.
Here is the formula of the percentage that the writer used an examining the
questionnaire to get the result of the data (Sudjana, 1992: 50).
P = F/N x 100%
Where:
P = percentage (the value of percentage selected)
F = frequency (the number of frequency of the answer)
N = total of frequency (the number of sample)
100% = constant value
According to Michael Power (1987: 23) in order to evaluate student’s
achievement either for the pre-test or post-test, the writer will use the following
scoring system.
Excellent: has no difficulty in understanding question, and answer the question
without hesitation.
Good: has no difficulty in understanding question, and answer the question quite
promptly with few mistakes.
Fair: has a bit difficulty in understanding and answering question.
Poor: has a great difficulty in understanding and answering and weak
vocabulary.