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Open Management開放式管理陳彥錚 (Yen-Cheng Chen)

銘傳大學 資管系http://www.im.mcu.edu.tw/~ycchen/

yencheng@mcu.edu.tw

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Contents 1. Introduction 2. Open Approaches for Management 3. Issues in Open Management 4. Conclusion

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1. Introduction Open Management

Automated Network and Systems Management in a Non-Proprietary, Widely Accepted Standard Fashion.

OSI Management (ISO/ITU-T). Internet Management. Not Limited to CMIP and SNMP.

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Why Open Management Interoperability

Ability of individual components within an open management environment to exchange information (i.e., interworking) Portability

Ability to easily place management functions in various platforms. Integration

Integration of lower-level, individual (e.g. element management) systems to achieve higher-level, integrated management (e.g., service management).

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Manager-Agent Model

Legend：MA: Manager ApplicationsMO: Managed Objects

R: Real Resource

Network

Agent

MOR

Communication Protocols

Manager

MAManagement OperationResponse

Event

Communication Protocols

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Management Components

Manager Agent Management Communication

Protocol Management Information Base

(MIB) Collection of Managed Objects

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Object-Oriented Management Model

Objects: Application, Service, MO, ... ORB: Object Request Broker

ORB ORB

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2. Open Approaches for Management Manager-Agent Model

ISO/ITU-T OSI Management (CMIP) IETF Internet Management (SNMP) X/Open XMP/XOM API

Object-Oriented Management Model OMG's CORBA

Specific Management Domain ITU-T TMN OSF's DME DMTF's DMI

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Legends

XMP: X/Open Management Protocol XOM: X/Open OSI-Abstract Data Manipulation API: Applications Programming Interface OMG: Object Management Group CORBA: Common Object Request Broker Architecture TMN: Telecommunications Management Network OSF: Open Systems Foundation DME: Distributed Management Environment DMTF: Desktop Management Task Force DMI: Desktop Management Interface

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2.1 OSI Management

OSI ProtocolStack

Link

ACSE ROSECMISE

. . .SMASE SMASE

MAs

OSI ProtocolStack

Link

ACSE ROSECMISE

. . .SMASE SMASE

MO

SMFs

CMIS/P

SMI/GDMO

Network

Common Management Information Protocol

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SMFsSMFAs

SMFs

Applications

CMIS Get Set Action Cancel Get Event Report Delete Create

Lower Layer Services

FM CM PM SM AM

ObjectManagement

State Management

Attributes for Repre-senting RelationshipsAlarm ReportingManagement

Event ReportingManagement

LogControl

Security AlarmReporting

SecurityAudit Trail

Objects and Attributesfor Access Control

AccountingMetering

WorkloadMonitoring

TestManagement

Summarization

Systems Management Functions

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2.2 Internet Management

IP Network (Internet)

UDP/IP

Agent

MOR

UDP/IPManager

MASet/Get/GetNext Req.

Get Resp.Trap

SNMP SMI

Simple Network Management Protocol

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What's New in SNMPv2

No more Trap PDU, 3 New PDUs: getBulkReq, InformReq, SNMPv2-Trap

Added Security 18 Error Status Values SNMPv2 SMI / SNMPv2 MIB M-to-M Communications Table Operations ...

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CMIP vs. SNMPCMIP SNMPGDMO

Object-Oriented7 Service PrimitivesEvent-Oriented

Connection-Oriented

Scoping/FilteringGlobal Naming (X.500)

Security MechanismOSI Seven Layers

Internet SMIObject-Based5 Messages

PollingConnectionless

GetNextLocal Naming (OID)Community Name

Internet TCP/IP

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2.3 X/Open XMP/XOM X/Open = Portability XMP

Provide CMIS and SNMP Service API. Recognizes Both GDMO and SNMP MOs.

XOM Maps ASN.1 data to a uniform data structure "om_object". Provide API for the manipulation of om_objects. Base for XMP Interface.

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XMP/XOM

XOMPackage

Management ServicePackage

Management ContentPackage

Common Package

CMISPackage

SNMPPackage

DMIPackag

e

OtherPackag

e . . .OM WORKSPACE

XOM API XMP API

Management Program

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2.4 OMG's CORBA Object Management Architecture

Object Request Broker

Application Objects Common Facilities

Object Services

Common Object Request Broker Architecture

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CORBA

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2.5 ITU-T TMN

Exchange Exchange ExchangeTransmissionSystem

TransmissionSystems

Data Communication Network Work Station

Operations System Operations SystemOperations System

TMN

Telecommunication Network

Telecommunications Management Network

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TMN Physical ArchitectureOS

DCN WS

DCN

QA NE NEQA

TMN

X X/F/Q3 F

Q3

Q3QX

Q3/F

QXQX

MD

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TMN Services and Functions

ACSE + ROSE + CMISE

Telecommunications Management Services and ComponentsManagement of

Transmission PathsManagement of

Switched NetworkManagement of

Customer Services

Telecommunications Management FunctionsProvisioning Monitoring Fault

correction Verification Restoration

OSI Systems Management Functions

Log ControlSMF

Event ReportSMF

ObjectSMF

Accounting Meter SMF

. . .

. . .. . .

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2.6 OSF DME Network Management Option

Use IRB to Support XMP (CMIP and SNMP). Object Management Framework

Extend CORBA to provide MRB. (I4DL)Use DCE's RPC for Broker Communications.

Distributed ServicesEvent Service, Print Service, Software Distributed Service, License Management Service, Subsystem Management Service, PC Service.

Distributed Management Environment

IRB: Instrumentation Request BrokerMRB: Management Request Broker

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2.7 DMTF DMIDesktop Management Interface

Service Layer (SL)Management Interface (MI)

Component Interface (CI)

Hardware/Software Hardware/Software ComponentsComponents

Management ApplicationsManagement Applications

MIF DataBase

MIF: Management Information Format

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Service Layer

Synchronization and Flow Control

Management Interface

Component Interface

MIF Access

MIF Set

MIF Install MIF DataBase

Request/Confirms

Response/Confirms Events/Response

Indications

CommandProcessing

EventProcessing MIF Processing

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3. Issues in Open Management Standardization is always in progress. Options in standards will be an

interoperability barrier. Interoperability Testing. Interworking among standards. XMP/XOM API Complexity. Coexistence with Legacy systems. ...

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Potential Solutions

International Standard Profiles (ISPs). Agreements and Specifications of NM

Forum, OMG, X/Open, OSF, ... IIMC (ISO/ITU-T and Internet Management Coexistence) A New CMIS API. Open Management Edge (OME). Follow OMNIPoint

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4. Conclusion Open management is a big trend. From element management to

service management. OSI management systems emerge. TMN: a focal point Follow, Join, or Lead?