us history ch 19.2
TRANSCRIPT
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U.S. History
Chapter 19: The Civil WarSection 2: The War in the East
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Two Armies Meet
• July 1861: Lincoln order march on Manassas and Richmond
• Irvin McDowell: led Union soldiers in First Battle of Bull Run
Gen. Irvin McDowell
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Two Armies Meet
• Poorly trained soldiers
• Forces
– USA: 35,000– CSA: 35,000
• Union troops drive left side of Confederate line
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Two Armies Meet
• “There is Jackson standing like a stone wall!”
• Jackson holds position and rallies against Union lines Gen. Thomas
“Stonewall” Jackson
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Two Armies Meet
•Confederates receive reinforcements
•Union army retreats
•Realization this will be a long war
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More Virginia Battles
• Nov 1861: George McClellan takes command of Union army
• Lincoln orders McClellan back into VirginiaGen. George B.
McClellan
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More Virginia Battles
• April 1862: McClellan encamped near Yorktown, VA
• Fears he is outnumbered
• Confederates reinforce Richmond Mr. Taylor & Gen. McClellan
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More Virginia Battles
• May 1862: McClellan takes Yorktown
• Armies fight near Richmond
• Robert E. Lee appointed commander of Confederate troops
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More Virginia Battles
• West Point graduate
• Opposed secession, slavery
• Offered Union command
• “I cannot raise my hand against my birthplace, my home, my children.”
Gen. Robert E. Lee
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More Virginia Battles
• Summer 1862: Lee hopes to force McClellan way from Richmond
• Seven Day’s Battle
• Casualties
– USA: 16,000– CSA: 20,000
• Lee forces retreat by McClellan
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More Virginia Battles
• Lincoln order John Pope to advance on Richmond
• Second Battle of Bull Run
• Confederate victory
• Union driven out of Virginia
Gen. John Pope
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Pvt. Edwin Francis Jemison2nd Louisiana Regiment, C.S.A.
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The Battle of Antietam
• Confederates move war northward
– Break Union spirit– Gain foreign support
• September 4, 1862: 40,000 Confederate soldiers enter Maryland
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The Battle of Antietam
• September 17, 1862: Armies clash at Antietam Creek
• Casualties
– USA: 12,000– CSA: 13,000
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The Battle of Antietam
• Battle of Antietam: the bloodies single-day battle in U.S. history
• Stops Confederate northward advance
• McClellan fails to pursue Lee
• McClellan fired
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The War at Sea
•Union had industry to build ships
•Blockade cut off southern trade
•Blockade runners
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The War at Sea
•Confederacy captured Norfolk naval yard
•Rechristened U.S.S. Merrimack to C.S.S. Virginia
•Ironclad—heavily armored ships
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The War at Sea
•March 1862: C.S.S. Virginia rams and sinks two U.S. Navy ships at Hampton Roads
•U.S.S. Monitor: Union ironclad
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The War at Sea
• March 9, 1862: Battle of Hampton Roads
• Ironclads fight for several hours
• Neither ship seriously damaged, battle ends in draw