vbc slideshow: ecological solutions for human poollutions

7/31/2019 VBC Slideshow: Ecological Solutions for Human Poollutions

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Bathrooms Are Gross,

So Let's Redesign Them

Molly Danielsson & Mathew Lippincott

art, education & activism for ecological sanitation: Cloacina.orggrassroots mobilizing to legalize sustainability: RecodeOregon.orgrestroom advocacy & emergency sanitation: Phlush.org


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Image: Wikimedia


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Image: Unimax supplies


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7/68Image: Philippe Stark, Sstropp steam shower

steam shower


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thermostaticpressure balanced

shower mixerimage: Moen

Water Miserwith navy valve

image:Alson's

Shower Squeegee


9/68Toto Aquia dual-flush wall-mounted toilet


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Feces: based on 843g/week, pg 2358 Digestive Diseases and Sciences, Vol. 43, No. 11: 1998Urine: based on 2 pintsday pg 118 Integral Urban House, Helga Olkowski et. al. Farallones Institute:1979


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Water: based on .9 gal/flush 5 flush/day Caroma dual-flush toilet, Caromausa.com: 2010


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Infrastructure 49.1m and Operational Issues 50.5m pg 240 & 241, City of

Portland, OR FY2010-2011 budget 13.9m cost of treatment plant:


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Biotic Layer 560 billion tons Carbon in living things on land.

Organic Layer

Top Soil 2500 billion tons carbon in organic layer, topsoil,and subsoil.

Subsoil

Parent Material

credit: Ian Bryson, Flickr

Atmosphere: 760 billion tons tons carbonGeologic Pool: 5000 billion tons carbonOceans: 38,000 billion tons tons carbon


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sludge scan fromcolors

source: Colors Magazine 82James Mollison, Moosburg,Germany.


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source: Susana Secratariat (sustainable sanitation on flickr)

domestic septage regulations and inspection guidance pg15 EPA Rregion 6 Robert Houston and Jana Harvill


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domestic septage regulations and inspection guidance, pg15, EPA Rregion 6 Robert Houston and Jana Harvill


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Garden: Intensive Vegetable Production Journal of the NewAlchemists 4 pp. 47-55. 1977.

A Study of the Energy Efficiency of Intensive Vegetable Production Journal of the New Alchemists 5pp. 62-68 1979.


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Septic Tank with Urine Diverting Toilet

Costs: $3,900-6,500 for retrofit with existing septic. $150-300/year for once a year pumping of urine and septic.

Impact: Reduces nitrogen in effluent by 80%.

Potential: Low cost means to meet strict nitrogen standards.Urine can be used as fertilizer.

Problems:

Requires plan forbeneficial reuse.

Holding tanks not allowed


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Source: VERNA Ecology Inc.

Source: EKBO

Source: SEI


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Source: Qiang Zhu 2006.


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Image:Clivus Multrum USA


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Ima e:Clivus Multrum USA


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credit: Biolan
http://www.biolan.fi/english/


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credit: David and Pearl Omick.


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credit: David Omick.
http://www.omick.net/composting_toilets


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San Franscisco Greywater Design Manual, 2011

Graywater Reuse


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San Franscisco Greywater Design Manual, 2011Photo Credit: Josh Lowe

Graywater Reuse


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Source: GTZ (Editor) (2005): Vacuum Technology (Low Pressure Systems).Eschborn: German Agency for Technical Cooperation (GTZ) GmbH.

Source: Jetsgroup 2009.
http://www.sswm.info/sites/default/files/reference_attachments/GTZ%202005%20Vacuum%20Technology.pdf


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Source: GIZ technical data sheets for ecosan components. Datasheet 004:

Ecological housing estate Luebeck Flintenbreite


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Wostman Ecology's Vacuum Flush ''EcoVac"


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2" piping allows for easier installation

Roedigger 2007.


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Gloskow, Poland. vacuum station. Roedigger. roevac.com

Vacuum Sewers along the Rhine inGermany. Roevac.com


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Flush Toilets: pumpout systems

Hidenori Harada 2010


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Portable Dry Toilets

Cost: 10-20% higher than portable chemical wet toilets.Impact:All nutrients can be reused through compostinginstead of adding to treatment plant.

Potential:Lower treatment costs.

Diversifies income for dry

toilet installers.

Problems:

Limited treatment facilities in

Oregon.

Biocappi portable dry toilets. Yverdon, Switzerland. Photo by Molly Danielsson.


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1m3 portable dry toilets, Lausanne, Switzerland.


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FEMA's plan

www.sewersmart.org funded by Association of Bay Area Governments'(ABAG) Pooled Liability Assurance Network (PLAN)


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Executive Editors Molly Danielsson and Mathew Lippincott, 2012


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http://www.composttoilets.co.nz/index.php/home/pics-052/


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"I don't know that the person whointroduced cholera in Haiti, the U.N.peacekeeper, or [U.N.] soldier fromSouth Asia, was aware that he wascarrying the virus . . . it was the

proximate cause of cholera. That is,he was carrying the cholera strain. Itcame from his waste stream into the

waterways of Haiti, into the bodies ofHaitians."

-Bill Clinton, Special Envoy to Haiti, March 2011


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SOIL in Haiti

Image Credits: SOIL Haiti on Flickr


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CC-attribution only Flickr user mtsrs

Sanitation in Sanaa,Yemen


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Source: GIZ technical data sheets for ecosancomponents. Datasheet B5: Traditional Dehydration Toilets ofYemen

Yemen

a variety of solutions


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a variety of solutions


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Molly Danielsson & Mathew Lippincott

art, education & activism for ecological sanitation: Cloacina.org

Grassroots mobilizing to legalize sustainability: RecodeOregon.org

Public restroom advocacy & emergency sanitation: Phlush.org


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Flush Toilets: The Aquatron

credit: Aquatron


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230 liters wastewater per person per day (60 gallons): USEPA 2002: EPA/625/R-00/008, Onsite Treatment Systems Manual, 3.31.

40mg/L nitrogen transported to aquifer: based on 10-40% removal N during infiltration USEPA 2002, Figure 3-17

Human excrement production:

843g/week feces: Digestive Diseases and Sciences, Vol. 43, No. 11: 1998, 2358

2 pints/day urine. Gotaas, Composting-Sanitary Reclamation of Organic Wastes. World Health Organization, Monograph No. 31. Geneva: 1953.

Nitrogen transport to aquifer from manure spreading, 5-87mg/L, averaging to 46mg/L: Saskatchewan Watershed Authority 2009: SH/SWA H01-2009, Onsite WastewaterTreatment Systems in Subdivisions, Pg 18.

58 liters manure per 1000kg beef cattle: American Society of Agricultural Engineers, 2003: ASE D384.1 FEB03, Manure Production Charateristics, page 683.

vbc slideshow: ecological solutions for human poollutions

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