Fry: acoustic cues for consonants• • •

o o

Fry p 135

Remind yourself of the fortis-lenis distinction in the slide for week 6 – as far as English is concerned, keep particularly in mind the eight fortis-lenis pairs (Fry says nine, which puzzles me...-- see next slide→

Fry: acoustic cues for consonants

fortis

lenis

PLOSIVES

FRICATIV

ES

AFFRICATES

What is the situation for your language?

English

ph p b

French

Icelandic pæ bæ

peau beau

pie buy

release

pin penni

binspin spenna, benni

labour, grabberábót, labba

rabb, roprub

toptopp

super, supper

lipclosure

VOT no voicingvoicing

Tihomir, BA essay

Fry: acoustic cues for consonants

• Medially, English lenis plosives are fully voiced.

• Initially or finally, they may be only partially voiced (plosives may be fully or almost fully unvoiced). In these cases other cues help identity:

Fry: acoustic cues for consonantsp 137

• plosives:

• fricatives:The cue for fricatives

• nasals: • laterals and semi-vowels:

p 138

• 14 sythesized patterns• No change in the F1• Transitions in the F2

bilabial – alveolar – velar: “bay day gay”

b d

d g

• Reverse for final consonants• Rising and falling / minus and plus

• minus: bilabial• zero: alveolar• plus: velar

p.140

pa ba ta da ka ga: in Week 8

NB spectrum settings in Praat