m. h. sherifitu mediacom 2004- 24 april 20011 potential itu work items in electronic commerce...

M. H. Sherif ITU Mediacom 2004-

24 April 20011

Potential ITU Work Items in Electronic Commerce

Mostafa Hashem SherifAT&T*

(These are personal opinions and do not engage AT&T )


24 April 20012

Overview

• Review of ITU Core Competencies• Areas of Electronic Commerce to be discussed

– Business to Business– Business to Consumer (4 applications)– Person to Person

• Summary of Suggested ITU Work Items


24 April 20013

Starting Position• Electronic commerce covers dematerialized

relations among economic agents• No single standards organization can resolve

all the problems facing electronic commerce• ITU efforts build on and complement on-going

work in other standard organizations• ITU successes have been in the area of

telecommunications infrastructure


24 April 20014

ITU Core Competencies

• Interoperability of transmission and switching equipment world-wide

• Simple terminal interface for technologically unsophisticated users

• Operations, administration and settlement across operators

• Quality of service and performance management including accounting and billing


24 April 20015

Business to Business Electronic Commerce

(example: Automotive Network Exchange (ANX))

ATM Backbone

ANXO

TradingPartner

(TP)

Certification Authority for CSPs

Certified Service Provider (CSP)Certified Service Provider (CSP)

Certification Authority for TPs

TradingPartner

(TP)

Access Network

Access Network

ANX Overseer


24 April 20016

Problems Uncovered

• Incompatibility of certificates• Encryption is costly for SME• Distributed management of a VPN is difficult

– configuration management– performance management– fault management and trouble ticketing

• User cannot easily collect information on performance


24 April 20017

Infrastructure Provider (s)

Content Provider

Service Provider

End-user or Customer

Network Provider 1 Network Provider 2

Content Manager(Retailer, broker, etc..)

Analysis in Terms of the Emerging Model for Telecommunications

Services


24 April 20018

Distributed Management in a Virtual Private Network

Network Provider 1

Network Provider 2

Network Provider 3

Performance dataarchiver 3

Performance dataarchiver 1

Performance data archiver 2

Performance data collector(Customer site 1)

Performance datacollector(Customer site 2)

Performance datacollector(Customer site 3)

(X.160, X.161, X.162) are for a network run by a single operator


24 April 20019

Extending the Information Boundaries Across Administrative

Domains

• Existing:– Exchange of trouble tickets using X.790, X.791(EURESCOM

projects for private lines)– Accounting Data Interchange Format (IETF/ETSI TIPHON)

• Needed:– Networks using frame relay, ATM to transport IP traffic– DWDM and optical networks


24 April 200110

Some Issues for Business to Consumer Electronic Commerce

• User interfaces and their ergonomics• Ease and uniformity of transactions on a world-

wide (as for telephone calls)• Accuracy of microbilling and capability to

verify and contest the billing accuracy• Multiple channels to merchant sites (text,

audio, image, etc.) • Payment in the buyer's currency• Identification with biometrics• Use of telephone cards (ubiquity, accuracy)


24 April 200111

Application 1: The Minitel Model and its Reincarnations

• Network of users and merchants federated by the operator or network provider (intermediary)

• Each operator identifies and authenticates its subscribers and federated merchants or content providers

• Operator may also collect the payment and payback the suppliers after getting its commission

• NTT DoCoMo with i-Mode for mobile networks• Telia for wireline operations• ISP's are also getting involved


24 April 200112

Evaluation

• Advantages– ease of identification and authentication– useful for small amounts– no need to introduce new means of payment

• Disadvantages– proprietary protocols (merchants and buyers must

have the same operator)– limited to a single currency


24 April 200113

Possible ITU Work Items for Application 1

• Ensure world-wide usage by removing currency dependency– use of "minutes on the network" as an exchange

currency for micropayments– Latch on settlement agreement among telephone

operators– Each operator identifies and authenticates their

subscribers– this would be also a cost-effective solution (banks do

not have a network going to individual homes to offer an economical solution)


24 April 200114

Application 2: Pre-paid telephone cards

• Prepaid telephone card are widely used• Many operators with non compatible cards• Accuracy of accounting is questionable for

small operators• This may be a hindrance to the use of the

"minutes on the network" as a universal microcurrency

• ITU work items may address some of the issues


24 April 200115

ITU Work Items for Application 2• Multi-application cards can

also include telephone cards payment

• Two competing operating systems– Multos ( Mondex and

MasterCard)– JavaSoft (Sun et Visa)

• Which one is more suitable for micropayment applications for telephone and the Internet?

• ITU Recommendations may be needed

application 1

application n

virtual machine

Integrated Circuit Card Operating System

Integrated Circuit Card

application 2

......


24 April 200116

Application 3: Biometric Identification

• Acquired characteristics – Handwritten signature (500-1000 octets)– Voice print (1000-2000 octets): Bacob with technology

from Keyware Technologies (http://www.keywareusa.com)

– Keystroke dynamics

• Innate characteristics– Photo image (100-800 octets)– Fingerprint (500-1000 octets)– Iris scan (256 octets)– Retina (35 octets)– Shape of the hand (9 octets)


24 April 200117

Biometric Revenues*• Total revenue:

– $58.4 K in 99/est. $110 K in 00– $ 7K in 99 /est. $14K in 00 for financial applications

• Techniques– digital finger prints 34%– hand geometry 26%– face recognition 15% (check cashing/gambling

casinos)– iris/retinal recognition 11%– speaker recognition 11%– signature recognition 3%

* excluding automatic systems for finger prints used by governments - Source International Biometric Group


24 April 200118

Possible ITU Work items for Application 3

• Criteria for evaluation of vocal identification systems (performance with call quality, resistance to attacks, etc.)

• Reference data for algorithm development• Standard format for file storage, etc.

• Other players– Association for Biometrics (http://www.afb.org.uk)– IBIA (International Biometric Industry Association)

(http://www.ibia.org) – Bundesamt für Sicherheit in der Informationtechnik (BSI –

Federal Information Security Agency) (http://www.bsi.bund.de)


24 April 200119

Application 4: Multimedia connection of a User to a Call Center

• Voice and data interactions are simultaneously needed:– Complex transactions– Verification of user's identity before payment approval

• PSTN will be used for voice calls for sometime• Needed:

– a way to multiplex voice and data calls on the same subscriber line (on xDSL)

– a method to account for possible ways for connecting the PSTN to IP networks (see TIPHON project of ETSI)


24 April 200120

Person-to-Person Payments• Internet auctions revealed the need for a trusted

third party for one-line transactions among complete strangers

• Examples: PayPal.com , eMoneyMail• Systems require subscription to open accounts• Telephone companies are well positioned to extend

the service to– multiple countries– a more open network (e.g., multiple operators)

• ITU Recommendations are needed for architecture and performance characterization


24 April 200121

Summary of Suggested ITU Work Items

• Business to Business– Exchange of performance and fault management

information across administrative domains

• Business to Consumer– Universal method for micropayments latching to

telephony settlements– Telephone cards: accuracy and interoperability– Identification with speech – Traffic Multiplexing

• Person to Person– Focus on on-line auctions

m. h. sherifitu mediacom 2004- 24 april 20011 potential itu work items in electronic commerce...

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